Zeroing: features, systems, recommendations. Zahisny nullification: attachment, recognition, principle of diy

Main benefit of operation butt fittings- Bezpeka. Particularly important are the fittings that are in contact with water. Find the smallest defect in electrical wiring The middle devices are becoming unsafe. Isolation of wires, punching between coils of electric motors, or punching of insulation. heating elements, all the same, it becomes the reason for the transition of the electrical potential to the housings of the devices. Sticking with them, a person takes a blow with an electric strum. To that varto podbaty about those, schob in such situations, butovyah prilad without becoming unsafe. For whom there are two ways: grounding and grounding - why is there a difference between them?

grounding

What is grounding - the circuit, which is connected to the ground through sockets from the ground. The most effective option is to secure yourself against the impact of the strum. You can calmly touch the metal parts of the body, without taking away any unacceptable impressions.

The most important thing is that the grounding circuit should be the minimum indicator of the support. The axis of why is chosen from steel and copper elements. The smallest opir gives the possibility to pass a stream of greater value through the conductor. And the power of the struma of a short chirp lies in the tightness of the attachment (straight fallow) and the conductor's support (turn in fall). The more tension and less support, the more strum can pass through the grounding element.

Part of the contour is buried in the soil by the hand of the booth, the other part is the conductors, who are entwined among themselves through a rozpodilny shield. Offensive parts are closed over by the method of zvaryuvannya.

There's one more thing that I can share among myself zahisne grounding that dullness. The cost of conductors, the minimum size of which should be 10 mm? honey dart or 6-8 mm for steel. For such values, one can not be afraid of the appearance of a struma of great strength in the measure, which is to blame for the great tightness in the middle of the aggregates. For example, at boilers (up to 6 kW) or at central machines (up to 2 kW).

The grounding connection scheme is connected to the grounding scheme. It has three darts, which are brought to the outlet: phase, zero, and earth. When the design of the new sockets and plugs is broken in such a way that, before switching the phase zero, they were the first to connect the ground contacts. The stench is the hour of the viymannya, the plugs from the sockets are switched on by the rest. Tse already take care of safety. Now let's move on without a trace to a look at nutrition: the difference between grounded and grounded ones.

Zeroing

IN electrical wiring, Selected for the zeroing scheme, there are also three darts. Ale contacts the earth z'ednani without intermediary with zero contacts at a separate shield. When you go out, what is the grounding wire and є zero. In the TN-C system, like in all old houses, the connection to the sockets consists of two wires: phase and zero.

Respect! When installing a current socket with a ground contact, it is important for electricians to install a jumper between the zero and ground contacts. Tsezh є zanulennyam і, zvichayno, vіdrіznyaєtsya vіd zemlennya. Golovne, you can't work like that!

On the right, in that the neutral of the transformer is drawn along the zero droth to rose shieldє grounding conductor. The very name of the zero dart and the system that is zero is named. Optimally, if PE is wired, it will be carried out from the socket directly to the electrical shield. If you work the jumper in the middle of the socket, then when you shave the zero conductor N, it will break and the fence that is grounded. Therefore, the victorious scheme is categorically defended.

I have a minus way. An automatic machine is installed on the phase circuit near the switchboard, which turns on at the time of a short circuit. Ale is all right in the fact that this attachment reacts to the force of the struma, which is determined by the insertion parameters in the middle of the machine. For example, on the panel, there may be indications of a show - 16 A. Tobto, vin reaguvatime itself on the strength of the struma, or more. Everything that is lesser value, easily skips, and the machine does not react to it. Vіn not rozrivatime lansyug, for example, as the power of the struma of a short zamikannya is more than 10 amperes. And tse value, as if you were the head of the number of people. When the automatic machine is fired on the metal case of the butt fitting, a great voltage potential is established.

Basic authority

Why is the grounding in the ground at the bottom of the cold air? What do you need to worry about: grounded or grounded?

Offending options are grounding. Ale in the system zero wire nick, which is a rear shield at the booth with a grounding loop, laid out at the substation. In fact, it is so that the neutral of the transformer is connected without intermediary from the earth at the center of the substation. In case of any input, one wire enters - it is null and grounding, therefore "PEN" may be designated. The rozpodilchi shield includes two darts: phase and zero PEN. Grounding conductor (PE), conducting to sockets, connects with zero PEN at the socket shield. Tobto, zero (N) and earth (PE), which go out of the house, connect into one PEN conductor, which reaches the transformer.

At the grounding system, two conductors are connected to the grounding structure at the substation: zero (N) and ground (PE). Tobto, three darts go to the rozpodіlny shield: phase, zero, and earth. Tsієyu w kіlkіstyu stink to enter the booth and bring it to the sockets. For such a scheme, the voltage potential between the phase and the grounding conductor is considered, if they are short chirp.

To put it briefly, the grounding and groundings are winding up among themselves like this:

• zahist people in the form of voltage on the metal case of the butt fitting with the zeroing scheme of the automatic machine, which opens the lantern of life;
• grounding scheme - tse zahist for additional reduction of the potential of the voltage on the body of the attachment, for the opening of the struma to the ground.

I want the head of the offences of the system to kill one - the defender of the people, but the stench will take care of this defender in a different way.

Now, let's see if there's something else to defend. In electrical installations that work with voltages up to 1000 volts, there are five systems that can be grounded: TN-C, TN-C-S, TN-S, TT, IT. Zanulenny vikoristovuєtsya at the first three. Grounding at two others.

Tobto, zeroing out from the neutral of the transformer, or we will call it a conductor, or confusion with zero. The grounding wiring is sporadzhuetsya, as the design was chosen by order from the booth, it will wear the abbreviation TT. With this conductor PE does not overlap with the conductor PEN.

IT breeding - the whole scheme of insulated neutral. Therefore, at the transformer substation, the neutral is not connected from the ground loop. In the middle of it, a null conductor N enters, which stretches to the rozpodilny shield at the booth. And the grounding conductor PE is connected to the grounding axis without a middle, which is the bottom of the circuit from the box. In this way, like with the TT system, you can install a grounding structure for a booth, picking it up with a hand. So let's not drag the PE conductor far. For today, this is the ideal option.

Later, podbivayuchi pіdsumok analysis: grounded or grounded, it is significant that I am the best scheme to beat in private booths with a path of installing a grounding structure, a friend in my apartments. Tim more, pid hour budіvnitstva bungalow earlier the scheme was TN-C, today it is TN-C-S.

If you knew a pardon, be kind, see a fragment of the text and press it Ctrl+Enter.

To ensure the safety of electrical installations, the current electricity is stagnant at different times, the possession of that structure, zavdyakim overwhelming, short flickering, or the loss of the working part of the possession of the people. Grounding and zeroing serve as the main protection for the hour of work with electrification of the possessions. Qi two options are tested one by one way of installation, and also zastosuyutsya for different types electrical installation. In order to find out why the difference is grounded and grounded, it is necessary to be aware of the principle of robotics and the features of the installation.

Grounding and zeroing may have different ways of installation, but they can serve one thing - electrical safety

Navisho need grounding and grounding

Today, there is a large number of different accessories and tools, the main task of which is to ensure safety when working with electrical installations. As if the fault is to be blamed, then the least safe cause of a malfunction may be the impact of a voltage on the metal part or the body of the possession.

Fallow in the face of the struma of a person, you can take away the slightest degree of severity. For example, at 25 mA, you can cause paralysis of m'yaziv, some kind of reshkodzhatime try to break contact with the surface, which is under pressure. Since the power of the struma, which passes through the insulation, is healthy from 50 to 100 mA, then contact with it will cause serious damage, such as disruption of blood circulation in the body or cause death.

In order to avoid the above described situations, for an hour of work with electrical installations, vikoristovuyut different outbuildings, which comply with the rules of the critically accepted safety technology.

Obov'yazkovoyu umovoy operation of electrical installation є zahisne grounding and grounding of electrical installations, as if they protect the damage from the strum at the time of damage to the insulation of the installation.

In order to understand why there is a difference between them, it is necessary to know what their skin is like.

Under the understanding of the grounding, the structures are used, which will power the installations, which will extract electricity from the earth. Zavdyaki tsomu, when dotik to the surface, which is known under the pressure, taking away the human charge is reduced to a minimum.

Vykorivuyut tsey method only in the electric field from the insulated neutral. Zavdyaki zavdannyu zemlі z hull of the installation, in case of poor insulation, the strum is obliged to go along the grounding part through a smaller support.

Grounding a private booth

One more function, which works for grounded ones, is the reduction of the emergency struma flickering. It is not necessary, that the electrical connection should be spratsovuvav for the hour of the consumption of the unknown parts of the voltage. We appreciate that the grounding is installed, as it may be sufficient high rіven support, there may be insufficient strumming. Such a situation is unsafe because, without regard to the emergency camp, the defender does not spratsovuє and the unsafe situation of the worker is overwhelmed.

The grounding attachment for its own household is one or the whole group of conductors, like strumming elements from the earth. Іsnuє kіlka main types of grounding:

1. Working type. The main recognition is safety uninterrupted work electric control as for normal operation mode, and during emergency.
2. Zahisny type. Appointments for the safety of the safety of the work for an hour with electrical installations. The main reason viniknennya nezabezpeka in statkuvannі є breakdown strumoprovidnogo drota on the working surface or body.
3. Thunderstorm type. Golovne recognition - the introduction of a category of bliskavki, which after spending at the discharger or bliskavkovіdvednya.

Krіm podіlu on tipi, grounding outbuildings are vіdrіznyayutsya advancing rank:

• Piece-by-piece grounding. This type of construction is prepared specifically for the protection of the protection against the voltage. Stinks are formed from such elements, like darts and shears from metal, pipes of substandard type, steel hull extensions.
• Naturally grounded. Up to tsієї categorії to lie constructions, made of metal, but not recognized for safety protection from voltage. Sound like a natural grounding of vicorous casing pipes, pipelines, and spores from cast concrete.

Recognizable sign of grounding

Varto signify that the natural form of grounding is stuck for dominating the rules of the song. The main of them is the purpose of blocking the operation of structures, the recognition of the transfer of combustible sources of gases. Also, conductors for aluminum are not suitable for the vision, but pipes, the surface of which is covered with an anti-corrosion ball of insulation.

Zanulennya v_dr_znyaєtsya vіd zemlyannja yak for recognition, і for the principle of installation. Connect the system to the wires to the metal parts, or to the body to replace the ground, so that the work is not carried out in normal mode. electric strum. Connect zeroing to neutral, vikoristovuvanno zherel lowered trioh phase voltage. It can also be mounted behind the auxiliary generator of a single-phase voltage, and itself is connected to a grounded output.

Zanulennya - one of the options for defending against electric shock

Golovne zavdannya zanulennya - zahist worker personnel s help timely spratsyuvannya switching automatic setting. The principle of operation is based on the case of a piece-piece short flicker during the breakdown of the insulation and the impact of the strum on the working part of the control . Zavdyaki viniklomu KZ, spratsovuyut such an attachment to the zahist:

• automatic vimic;
• zapobіzhnik;
• modern system zakhistu vіd short zamikannya

The difference between grounding and grounding, as a rule, is more simple and more simple in installation and vice versa during operation, in which the neutral is deafly grounded. But before that, how to proceed to the assembly of this, I’ll build a zahist, it’s necessary to lie, that the strum of a short chime, which will be creations for the help of a zero dart, is obliged to do it high, so that the zahisny attachment will be 100% perfect.

Well, yogo will not be enough for spratsovuvannya automatic vimicach or I’ll open the fusible insert, which will cause the voltage on all the other parts of the electric field to vanish, without having consumed the strum before. Such a situation can lead to great insecurity for the life of the working staff and plunge into the manufacturing process.

Zeroing connection to the machine

For the installation of zeroing, it is necessary to comply with the current rules, which will ensure the uninterrupted and safe operation of electrical installations. For example, suvoro zaboronyaetsya to be installed as if it were a commutative possession in the zero wire, shards of it, having opened it, you can bring before the appearance of the struma in the places from the zero.

Video on the topic

About the phase, zero, grounding, electrical rozvyazku, ways strum rozpovidaetsya in this video.

From the above described information, you can find out what kind of grounding and grounding are grounded. So, as an insult to the installation, it is recognized for the safety of the workplace, their difference is clearly visible in the installation method and the principles of work.

Grounded, at the same time the voltage on the work surface, swidko v_dvodvat strum near the ground. Zeroing, on the front variant, does not reduce the voltage on its own, but provokes the installation of automatic devices and opens the lancer's case.

Fallow, in view of the electric power of that place, the growth of vicory is such a way to defend from the most important options, which will allow the staff to be as safe as possible for their health and life.

In electrical engineering, grounding and zeroing may different values. People do not know about the appointments to understand parmilkovo vvazhayut that they stink at the same functions. The article talks about the scope of the definition of skin understanding, as well as the visualization of their main powers.

The first is the bottom line on nutrition, which makes the grounding look grounded, it is clear to the skin that it is clear. Grounding - all special grounding of electrical installations from the ground. Meta ts'ogo z'єdnannya є decrease in a sharp cut of the voltage in electric lines. It will win in that lance, de neutral will be isolated. If a superfluous strum is installed, which is located near the fence, go into the ground for contacts that are connected. Opіr tsієї part is to blame buti perceptibly low, so that the strum of clay without excess.

Also, the function of protective grounding of electrical installations allows you to increase the number of emergency noises, regardless of those that need to be recognized. Grounding wach great support a weak strum of hum can not be used only with special fittings. In times, if there is an emergency situation, the installation will be under tension, which can become a great health problem for your occupant. Appointment zahisnih electrical installations it is also granted for the introduction of a gleaming electric string.

A grounding conductor is a special conductor, which can be made up of one or more elements. Sound the stench of the earth between itself with an electrically conductive material and laying in the ground, as if the charge is drenched to pass. As a grounding conductor, steel and copper can be beaten. According to the norms of the PUE, all zahіd zahіstu in obov'yazkovym order is guilty of vikonuvatisya in the daily living houses, as well as working places, factories, at the hromada mortgages and other budіvlyah raznogo prichennya.

Most of the daylight booths have grounding circuits installed. Prote їх may be at the old booths. In such a situation, fahivtsi recommend replacing the wiring tri-core cable from the ground wire, connecting the electrical installation. There are situations when there is no possibility to install a complete grounding loop. Modern electrical engineering may have a special portable device - a portable pin that is grounded (tire). Їhnya dіya vіdpovіdaє to the standard grounding arrangement of zhytlovy booths or vіdvodіv. Such an attachment can be more practical, it can be easily installed and transferred, repaired, and also can have a wide functionality.

The function of grounding can be performed by a sprinkling of independent groups of defense establishment. Thunderstorm protection. The stench is to serve in that, shvidko vіdvoditi іpulsny vіsoky charge vіd bliskavki. Most of the time, they are needed at dischargers and modern bliskavkovidah. Workers. Such a group allows to support the required mode of operation of all electrical installations for different minds (normal and emergency).

Zahisnі. This group of possessions is necessary to intimidate direct contact between people and creatures with an electric charge, which is the cause of the mechanical failure of the phase of the drone. The stench allows you to avoid the faceless unfortunate moods, as if they could be, as if the problems with the power line were not pointed out at the hour.

Grounding devices are mentally subdivided into pieces and natural ones. Piece electrical installations - special constructions, I work especially for this, to put an oversized stream of the fence into the ground, having secured the protection of my booth. You can vibrate at the factory or work independently, vicarious steel elements.
Natural grounding is the soil, the foundation under the house or the tree used to build the house.

Video "Who has the power"

Understanding Zeroing

The zeros can be called zadnannya okremyh metal parts, yakі do not change under the inflow constant voltage, or from the grounded neutral of the lowering dzherel three phase struma, but with a grounded generator single-phase strumu. In this way, high voltage hairpins will be led to the transformer or to the okrem shield for claying. Zeroing is carried out at electrical installations from a grounded neutral. It allows, when an insulating ball is struck on a dart, and a short flicker, it is quick to trigger an automatic vimikach, or to react to another sickness.

Refill often addendums zahisnogo inclusion. The stench should be spratsovuvatim at different strengths of the struma in phase and "zero" of the power dart. Such a possession can be installed at once from an automatic switch. In such a state of mind, after a breakdown, they could immediately repair the offense of an outbuilding, or they could spratsyuє an element of a larger swidkoy diї.

Sound zero zastosovuєtsya for the rules of power installations for industrial control. This kind of zahistu is not a guarantor of the safety of life. If it’s possible to spend the phase on the outer part of the building, then the strum doesn’t go anywhere. In the future, it will be possible to separate two phases, which will lead to a short circuit in the electric circuit. Zanulennya does not create zahistu in the stream of people. A mentally specific indicator of a malfunction, or a weak power line, which helps sleep with a short zamikanny.

In living quarters and apartments, we are not obov'yazkovo robit zanulennya, shards may mother a number of negative naslіdkіv. For example, if a zero core burns in a cable, more of the butt-butted equipment and equipment will also burn. Tse pov'yazano with a sharp haircut high voltage in the electric circuit.

Head office

We must first indicate that zeroing that grounding can be absolutely different recognition that dia. The main difference between these visits is the price of recognition.
Grounding to serve as an effective and superior way to protect the life of the house in the form of a voltage cut, the lower way to neutralize. Vіdmіnіst v prichenіnі, allowing vibratі їх sposіb zapobіgannya, yak more suitable for a particular situation. It is possible to slay in the life of a house of insulting the option of defending. Prote next, designate that you sound the priority to give yourself a grounding, considering that this method is necessary for the time.

Grounding allows you to create zahist merezhі, quickly change the voltage snake struma at the border to a normal stable value. To the same way, as a zero, it is acceptable to the swedish turn-on of the lansy, which is like a buv under the strain, de facto becoming a zbіy on the line. Also a great difference is the fact that you can install them different step folding.

The creation of grounding in a living house and the connection of a special equipment will require more in-depth knowledge about electrical engineering. In order to do this correctly, you need to work everything correctly. It is important to designate the zero point, because in another case there may be negative consequences. With sufficient access to clear instructions or instructions. Your design is simple.

The method of grounding does not depend on the phases of electrical appliances and other outbuildings Shards of stench may have the same installation scheme. Also, the schemes of grounding alignment can be more different, on the basis of zeroing, which allows you to choose the best option for a particular situation. Another point of difference lies in the fact that the grounding directly ensures the protection of the potentials, and the neutrality reacts to such a change in the ground.

What makes grounding and zeroing sound? Fahіvtsі rose from cim nutrition. All ce - zahisnі come in in the form of peak streams. Let the robot be prevented from being injured by electricians and people using butt fittings. Name the difference, but all the system will zahist.

In order to understand why there is a difference between grounded and grounded, it is necessary to know the recognition of the principle of operation of electrical appliances.

Principle dії

Ground loop electric lansyug- a system of wires, which connects the skin, to the lansy, which is served, with a special grounding loop. In the event of a breakdown on the body, I will attach either a coil of a strum from a wired wire, the strum to pass through the wires to the grounding device.

Opir grounding, ring out, wince less, lower opir of the entire lansyug. Therefore, the strum is flowing in a “light” way and is led from the buildings of the possession.

The zero is called the electric conduit of the strum-conducting housings and accessories from a dead-earthed neutral. When the peak values ​​of the stream are found, its potential is introduced behind the auxiliary grounding bus into a special shield or into a transformer box. A smutty mark of recognition - in the case of breakdowns and coils of the voltage on the body of the possession, a short chime is called out, the guards are on fire, or they automatically rozmikachi lansyuga.

Tse i є head vіdminnіstyu grounding vіd zanulennya. The grounding circuit accepts short-circuit currents, grounding calls for the use of external devices.

Let's take a look at the report on the robot of the systems for protection from the electric stream.

Features of the grounding outbuilding

The main method of the grounding circuit is to reduce the potential in case of a breakdown on the body and short flicker, to a safe value. With this, the pressure on the body is reduced and the force of the struma is reduced to a safe level. At the forefront, the buildings of the electrical installation are grounded, which will be used in the influx of atmospheric blasts.

When mounting a contour, in a measure triphasic struma no more than 1000, insulate the neutral. At higher voltage levels, the system is installed with different neutral modes.

- The whole system, which includes:

• grounding;
• grounding horizontal conductors;
• bring darts.

The grounding device is subdivided into pieces and natural.

If possible, follow the natural grounding:

• underground pipelines of water supply Ale, in which direction, it is necessary to have a pipeline with a protection from blukayuchih streams;
• are connected to the metal structures of workshops and premises;
• steel or copper braided cable;
• pipelines near Sverdlovin.

According to the norms of PUE, it was fenced to connect the ground loop to the scorched pipes and with fire-resistant materials.

With piece equipment, the possession, which is grounded, is protected by a path, the contour is prepared by looking at the equal-sided tricot with metal pins or kutochkiv. For puddle and acidic soil, it is recommended to vicorate copper, galvanized grounding. To prepare the contour of the tricot, it is necessary to sink into the ground by 70 cm.

It is not possible to install a group grounding device at the drill hole. It is necessary to score on the area of ​​the mark, on the clay, not less than 2 meters. Let's put the earthworks into a single structure for help with steel smog.

Cases of the dermal attachment are connected to the obov'yazkovo to the system of protection. In this case, it is not possible to connect a sprig of spazhivachiv sequentially, the skin can be attached to the line of connection.

Now about the smut - the value of equal support to the contour. The new one has trouble supporting the skin attachment of the lancet and yoga darts. When re-roofing the support to the contour, it is necessary to fix the level of the value of the soil, to determine the depth of the grounding. It is necessary to check the temperature specificity of the region for the lining of the contour.

Remember - for speky weather, the place of installation should be filled with water, the soil, when hanging, changes the support.

When servicing, the measure is up to 1000. In that tension, the possession is over 100 kVA - the circuit is supported by no more than 10 ohms. For butt strings, the optimal values ​​​​will be 4 ohms. The voltage at the dot is to blame for less than 40 V. Merezhі over 1000 V is protected by an attachment with a support no more than 1 Ohm.

The main features are the principle of grounding. Report, you can read the articles and topics on the site.

Features and principle of zeroing

Appointment of zeroing - the method of the zeroing attachment allows to connect the housings to the possession of and other parts from metals from the neutral (zero neutral conductor). In the minds of the earthed conductor and the voltage in the measure is not more than 1000 V, the grounding circuit is victorious.

In the event of a breakdown of the phase stream, a short circuit of the phase occurs on the body of the electrical appliance. When you spratsovuyut automatic shutdown of the struma and the lansyg are roaring. Tsim i v_drіznyayutsya two zahisnі systems.

Before adjusting the zeroing, bring:

• fusible protector;
• automatic jet switch-on;
• vbudovani at starters, thermal relays;
• contactor with thermal protection.

Vinikla situation of breakdown of the phase voltage. When looking at the body of the electrical installation, the jet should pass along the neutral to the transformer winding. Let's see something new in phase - to the zapobіzhnik. The fuses of the guards light up at the peak values ​​of the stream, the electric lance is connected to the supply of the voltage.

When it’s zero, it’s easy to carry out a strum, allowing you to spratsyuvati zahista. Yogo is laid at a safe place, it is fenced to equip it with additional materials and other outbuildings. The value of the equal conductivity of the phase conductor can be half as large as the zero conductor. As a rule, steel plates, cable sheaths and other materials are used in every case.

The conductors are reassessed for accuracy in the process of commissioning the work and the connection of electricity in the weekdays, as well as through the first hour when the electric circuit. Not less than once in a period of 5 years term, it is necessary to carry out the support of the entire lance of the phase and zero conductors on the housings of the farthest possession of the electrical wiring board, as well as the lowest possession in the premises.

Zahisniy zanulennya, in some ways, you can beat the robot of a good turn-on. With this, tsі 2-і zahisnі system tim, scho in times of zahisnogo vіklyuchennya lancer, yogo can win in any minds, for different modes of the grounding conductor, showing the voltage of the lancer. Such meshes can be dispensed with without a zero connection.

It is necessary to carry out the resurrection of nullification for the improvement of all the minds of the robot and the principle of yoga diy.

Zahisne vyklyuchennya vykonuyut for help zahisnoy system, yak turn on elektroobladnannya automatically. Have a different vindication emergency situations that threat of damage and the infliction of electrical injuries to people, such situations can be seen:

• short-term noise of the phase wire on the body;
• poor insulation of electrical wiring;
• faults on the grounding circuit;
• damage to the integrity of the conductors, which will be nullified.

Tsya zahisna system is often victorious for the impossibility to carry out the zahisna of the grounding system and grounding. Ale on vіdpovіdalnyh dilyankah, it is possible to install a zahishny switch-on and like an additional contour of the zahistu of the people, that possession in the case of the wounded by the streams of the coil and the short zamikannya.

At the same time, it is necessary to add, fallow, according to the size of the stream at the entrance and change the reaction of the outhouses, for a sprat of schemes:

• the presence of tension on the body of the possession;
• the strength of the struma under the hour of the zamikannya on the wire of the earth;
• strain the force of the struma in the zero conductor;
• equal voltage on the phase according to the value on the ground;
• an extension for a standing chimney strumu;
• add-on combinations.

All systems for zahistu and inclusion of the supply of strum in the measure are equipped with automatic vimics. Their constructions have been equipped with a special power supply. At this period of time, for the inclusion of a measure, it is not guilty to revisit 2-10 seconds.

At the end, we will analyze the food, as you can ask an electrician-pochatkіvets.

Interchangeability of systems

Can you install a grounding replacement for grounding? On the basis of the supply, be it a fahіvets vodpovіst “so”, but it’s more like a promissory booth.

In a residential area, zastosovuvat such a scheme to zahistu slid in the arc rare fluctuations, and less in non-living places. Tse zoomed, nasampered, nerіvnomіrnym vantagennyam on phase and neutral conductors. When working on the skin phase, it is necessary to have the same focus, but to neutral hot lancer pass milking a small strum. To the skin, it is impossible to move the phase, but it is also possible to beat the robot with zero under pressure.

At tsomu, the gap between zero and the phase is less than the phase. With long-term vigor, the wines oxidize on twisting, the insulation ball breaks down when heated, and when the wines are hot, they simply burn out. When the voltage of the phase goes up to the shield, then, through the zero wire, go to the spigot. The hulls of the fittings are under tension, the possibility of being struck by a people's stream is moving.

How to cheer up smart people on the Internet, you can get to the skin-on-button attachment of the zeroing system, or cause significant damage to the wiring and further repairs. Therefore, it is not possible to nullify the dzherel of living quarters.

It is better to install in the electrical panel the attachments of the zakhisnogo switch-on and calmly coristuvat with butt fittings. skin zahisny pristry win your confession, with the right rozrahunka, montage and yogo vikoristannya.

Direction of the movement of charged particles, which is called an electric jet, ensures a more comfortable base modern people. Without it, there is no practice of everyday fatigue, medical fittings at the liquor stores, there is no calm at the dwelling, idle domestic and international transport. But the electrician, the servant of the people, is less likely to have time to control, if the charging of the electronics can know another way, then the consequences will be deplorable. For the advancement of non-transferable situations, stop by special ones, come in, smut - understand why it is different. Grounding and grounding protect people from being hit by a strum.

Direction of the flow of electronics is fixed by the path of the smallest support. In order to escape the passage of the strum through the human body, it is propagated to you by another straight line from the least expenses, which will ensure grounding and grounding. Why should there be a difference between them?

grounding

The grounded one is one conductor, or I will put together a group of them, who will be interrupted by the earth. With this help, it is possible to climb on the metal casing of the aggregates with a zero support path, tobto. to the ground.

Such electrical installation is more relevant in industry and for butt fittings from steel outer parts. Dotik people to the body of the refrigerator or cleaning machines, that leaning under the pressure, do not cause injury with an electric jet. For this purpose, special sockets with a grounding contact are used.

Working principle ELV

For safe work industrial and on-butovy zastosovuyut, vikoristovuyt prilad Їх the robot is based on por_vnyann_ elektrichny stream, scho to enter on the phase door and exit from the apartment on the zero conductor.

The normal mode of the work of the electric stake shows the same value of the struma in the names of the lines, the straightening flows in the opposite lines. In order to stink and nadal, they stubbornly chewed their own work, took care of the balanced work of the fittings, fixed the attachments, and the installation of grounding and grounding.

Try to be-yakіy dilyantsі іzolyatsії to bring before the break the struma, which is straight to the ground, through a small place, bypassing the working zero conductor. At the ELV, an imbalance of the struma power is displayed, the attachment automatically mimics the contacts and the voltage is known in all the working circuits.

For dermal cleansing wash different installations to turn on the ELV, select the voltage range to be set to 10 to 300 mA. Attached quickly spratsovuє, turn-on hour become seconds.

Earthing outbuilding robot

In order to get a grounding attachment to the case of a single-button or industrial installation, a PE-conductor is installed, which is shown from the shield along the line with a special exit. The design ensures that the body is grounded, which is why it is recognized as grounding. Inspection of grounding in the form of zeroing is due to the fact that the first moment when the plug is connected to the socket is working zero and the phase is not switched at the equipment. Interactions are known to the rest of the wind, if the contact is broken. In such a rank, grounding the corps may be necessary and permanent.

Two ways of vlashtuvannya grounding

Systems of protection and input of voltage are applied to:

• piece:
• natural.

Pieces of grounding are recognized without intermediary for zakhist possession of that people. For the construction, I will need horizontal and vertical steel metal later elements (often put pipes with a diameter of up to 5 cm, or coils No. 40 or No. 60 of a windmill with a diameter of 2.5 to 5 m). Tim himself is grounded and grounded. The difference lies in the fact that for the vikonnannya yakіsnogo zanulennya needed fahivets.

Natural grounding vicorists are found at different nearest roztashuvannya order with the object or living house. Like a defender to serve in the soil of pipelines, vikonanі z metal. It is not possible to wink for covering the main line with combustible gases, rivers and pipelines, the outer walls of which are covered with anti-corrosion coatings.

Natural objects serve as a defender of electrical appliances, and win their main recognition. Prior to such a connection, access to the pipelines of a sufficient wide number of services from the judicial services and departments, which creates an unsafe damage to the integrity of the economy.

Zeroing

Krіm is grounded, deyaky vikoristovuyut zanulennya, it is necessary to separate, why is it different. Grounding and zeroing introduce a voltage, only roar different ways. Another method is to the electrical circuits of the case, in a normal state there is no voltage, but to the introduction of a single-phase electrician, a neutral wire of a generator or a transformer, a conductor fast strumu yoga has a middle point. When the voltage is zeroed, the body is thrown off onto a special rozpodіlny shield or a transformer box.

Zanulennya vikoristovuєtsya in the case of non-transferring voltage strips and breakdown of the insulation to the body of industrial and butt fittings. There is a short hiccup, which leads to the burnout of the guards and the automatic shutdown, which has a difference between grounded and grounded.

Zeroing principle

Changes triphasic lanceuges vikoristovuyut null conductor for various purposes. To ensure electrical safety, it is also possible to eliminate the effect of a short circuit, which causes voltage on the case to be at phase potential in critical situations. When this happens, the strum is activated, which changes the nominal indicator of the automatic signal and the contact is attached.

Priya zanulennya

What is the grounding in the ground, you can see the butt of the connection. The hull is rimmed with a dart, and it goes back to zero on a small shield. For whom in the rosette, put a third core electric cable with a glue for whom at the rosette. This method may be short, which is better in what for automatic switch-on a strum is required, for a larger size, lower settings. If in normal mode, the attachment, which turns on, secures the robot with a strum power of 16 Amperes, then a small sample of the strum continues to turn without turning it on.

After some reason, it became clear that there is a difference between grounded and grounded ones. A human body with an influx of strength struma 50 milliamps can not be seen and the heartbeat is up. Annihilation of such indications in the stream can be eliminated, the fragments of this function influence the creation of vanishings, sufficient for switching on contacts.

Grounded and grounded, why is it different?

Mіzh tsimi two ways іsnuyut vіdminnostі:

• when grounded, the superfluous strum and the voltage, which vibrate on the body, are injected directly into the ground, and when zeroed, they drop to zero at the shield;
• grounding є more effective ways at the nourished zahistu of people in the presence of an electric shock;
• in case of grounding, the safety goes beyond the fluctuation of a sharp change in the voltage, and when the grounding is stopped, the line is safe, breaking through the hull;
• when zeroing, in order to correctly determine the zero points and choose the method of zahistu, you will need the help of a specialist electrician, and to work grounding, pick up the circuit and bury it in the ground, you can be a kind of home master-smarter.

Grounded by a system for introducing voltage through a tricot, which is in the ground, from a metal profile welded in the ground. Correctly ruling the contour gives an overriding zahist, but with whom you are guilty, you will follow all the rules. Fallow in the effect, which is affected, vibiraetsya grounding and zeroing of electrical installations. Vіdminnіst zanulennya in the fact that all the elements fit, like in normal mode not under the strum, go to zero drotu. Vipadkovy dotik phase to zero details, the tool is used to bring the struma to a sharp haircut and turn on the possession.

Opir of a neutral zero dart, whether it be less than a sign of a contour in the earth, to that, when zeroed, it causes a short hum, which is basically impossible with an earthen tricutnik. After the pairing of the robots of the two systems, we become aware of why there is a difference. Grounded and grounded ones are looking for a way to zahist, to that the ability to grow up is great at an hour neutral dart for whom it is necessary to follow fast. Zanulennya zastosovuetsya even more often in bagatopoverkhovy booths, to that you don’t start, the ability to rule over is not that completely grounded.

Grounding is not to be laid down in the phase of the fittings, as well as for the attachment of the grounding, the necessary connections must be made. In most cases, the first method prevails in enterprises, where, behind the back of safety technology, the promotion of safety is transferred. And in the late afternoon, a circuit is often used to cut off the load of the voltage, which leads directly into the ground, more by the safe method.

For an hour of grounding, there is a constant electric lance, after a breakdown of the insulation for the fluff, the struma flows into the ground, the voltage is significantly reduced, but the mesh continues to work. When zeroed, the line turns on.

Grounding in most vipadkіv vikoristovuyut at the lines with a wired insulated neutral in IT and TT systems three-phase meshes with tension up to 1 yew. volts or more than an indication for systems with a neutral in any mode. Grounding is recommended for lines with a grounded dead neutral wire in TN-C-S, TN-C, TN-S lines with N, PE, PEN conductors, the price is different. Grounded and grounded, unimportant on vіdminnostі, є systems zahistu people and fittings.

Corinthian terms of electrical engineering

For the sake of understanding the current principles, for which there are groundings, grounding and switching on, following the nobility of appointment:

Deep-earthed neutral with a zero wire from the generator or transformer, without intermediary connections to the ground loop.

She can use visnovok from the dzherel of the snake strum single-phase mesh or the pole point of the dzherel of the constant stream in two-phase mains, as well as the middle output in three-phase lines of constant voltage.

The insulated neutral is the zero wire of the generator or the transformer, not connected to the ground circuit, but contacting it through a strong field support of signaling devices, auxiliary devices, control relays and other connections.

Accepted designation of grounding outbuildings at the border

All electrical installations with grounding conductors present in them and zero wires obov'yazkovo p_dlyagayut marking. The designation is applied to the tire yak letter designation PE with changed transverse or later identical females of green color. Neutral null conductors marked with a black letter N, this is how grounding and zeroing are indicated. The description for the zahisny tare of the working zero is written in the letter designation PEN and filled in a black tone along the entire length with green-yellow tips.

Letters of designation

The first letters in the explanation before the system indicate the nature of the grounding outbuilding:

• T - z'ednannya dzherel zhivlennya without intermediary іz the earth;
• I - all strumovidny details insulated from the ground.

Another letter to serve for the description of the stream-conducting parts of how to come to the ground:

• T to talk about obov'yazkove grounding of all vіdkritikh details pіd naprugoyu, nezalezhno vіd mind zv'yazku z gruntom;
• N - means that the protection of the critical parts under the strum is carried out through a dead-earthed neutral in the direction of life without a middle.

Letters that stand through a dash in N, remind about the nature of this connection, indicate the method of obstructing the zero-based indicator of the working conductor:

• S - protection of PE of zero and N-working conductors with separate wires;
• Z - for the safe and working zero, one wire is required.

See the sick systems

The classification of systems is the main characteristic, which is dependent on grounding and grounding. The main technical specifications are described in the third part of GOST R 50571.2-94. It is necessary to ground it before it for IT, TN-C-S, TN-C, TN-S circuits.

The TN-C system was broken up at Nimechi on the cob of the 20th century. It has a working zero wire and a PE conductor connected in one cable. Not enough are those that, when zero or other damage is caused to the hulls, there is a voltage. No matter what, the system zastosovuetsya in action electrical installations until our time.

TN-C-S and TN-S systems have been expanded to replace the recent TN-C grounding scheme. In another scheme, the zakhistu had two types of zero darts split right in front of the shield, and the contour of the letters was collapsible metal construction. Tsya scheme turned out to be successful;

The TN-C-S system is reviewed by the one who zero darts vykonuetsya not right in front of the transformer, but approximately in the middle of the main. It was worth the distant decisions, the shards, having shaved zero to get down to the bottom, then the electric strum on the body would threaten life.

Scheme for the transmission of the TT system without intermediary connection of parts under voltage from the ground, with all the parts of the electrical installation with the presence of a struma connected with the ground loop through the ground circuit, which cannot be found in the neutral port of the generator or the transformer.

Behind the IT system, there is a defense to the unit, grounding and zeroing are established. Why is there such a difference in the appearance of the front scheme? In this case, the transmission of the load of the voltage from the body and the critical parts are driven into the ground, and the neutral of the dzherela, insulated from the ground, is grounded behind the auxiliary fittings with a great support. Tsya scheme vlashtovuєtsya at the special electrical installation, in which case security and stability can be promoted, for example, in likuvalnyh mortgages.

See zeroing systems

The PNG zeroing system is simple in design; The abbreviation is indicated for the same dart zastosovuetsya. To nedolіkіv vіdnosit promotion of the vimoga to the beneficial interplay of potentials and the conductor line. The system is far away vikoristovuetsya for zeroing asynchronous units.

It is not allowed to win over such a scheme in group single-phase and separate chains. The confusion and replacement of the functions of the zero and power cables are prevented single-phase lanceug fast struma. The stench zastosovuetsya dodatkovy zero provіd z marking PUE-7.

A perfect grounding system for electrical installations that live in a single-phase line. In the midst of confusion, the hot conductor PEN comes to the strumu. Podil to N and PE single phase dampers, for example, at the pіїzny shield of a rich apartment donkey.

At the end, it is necessary to designate that protection against strum damage and the use of electric butt fittings in case of voltage cuts are the main tasks of energy security. What is grounded and grounded, it is explained simply, understanding with the help of special knowledge. Ale, in a be-yakoy vipadku, come in shodo pіdtrimki bezpeki butovy electric appliances otherwise, the promissory possession of the debt is to be settled permanently and on the equal level.