Installation of rozpod_lnyh shields. How to pick up a rozpodіlny shield from the booth of your apartment?

Light has three phases 380 (400) volts. mustache professionally not possessed, what wins at the virobnitstv, pratsyuє in such a strain. Also, three-phase electrical wiring is installed in shops, houses, offices and schools. It is possible to choose a shield for the appearance of electricity in such a way that at the output you take a significant measure of 220 volts. Let's not go into the net of electrical engineering, just say, to measure the voltage between L1 and L2 and L3, the voltage will be 380 volts. A axis is between L1 and N (neutral); L2 and N; L3 and N will be 220 volts. Chi varto fool around with 380 volts at the apartment bagatotop booth, unequivocally, there is no evidence. And the axis of the private booth of the mother has three-phase wiring in the state of warto. As you drank food before us, as a shield for the appearance of electricity with your own hands, we will try to help you.

Selection order

After the termination is allowed to connect up to three phases technical mind, let's proceed to the independent folding of the shield. Introduction to be installed in a sealed box, which is necessary to choose old wall private booth abo stovp. New installations have a three-phase lіchilnik i, as shown in the photo below:

Bіlya introduction organіzovuєmo pristriy zgіdno zgіdno rules. The entrance shield to the appearance of electricity will be sealed and there will be no free access to the new one. Therefore, we need to independently choose three-phase rose shield ok, rozpodіlivshi spozhivachіv vlasnym bazhannyam.

From the entrance box to the electrical switchboard, a 5-core cable L1 is wound up; L2; L3; N; PE, or 4 living L1; L2; L3; N for mind the selection of a grounding scheme for the organization of one more attachment of a grounding shield.

For the connection of a three-phase home installation, a shield is required for an offensive scheme:

Folding shield for 380 volts rich-veined dart, with a web not less than 4 mm from color insulation. Recommended colors - L1 red, L2 white, L3 black, N blue, PE yellow-green. In order to correctly select a three-phase shield, it is necessary to respectfully marvel at zahisnі outbuildings, on which markings are marked phases for connecting wires By means of an attachment installed in a shield on a DIN-rail, we begin to switch, we pass through the terminal L1 to the terminal L1 of the advancing attachment behind it with a margin of 30% for ease of installation and operation.

Such an operation is carried out with the use of clamps, protect against it, it is not recommended to install the fasteners, so during the selection process, note that the L1 sleeve is too short for the L3 mounting sleeve. It is even better to choose a shield, a vicorous mounting three-phase bus, so as to save space and a star to a minimum chance of getting confused. Okremo we put the PE bus, as if it were connected with the body of the shield to the appearance of electricity.

Well, if you have a house near your apartment, or there is no tightness, it is necessary to choose a shield for 380 V in such a rank, so that the skin phase is equally navantage by single-phase spazhivats. The butt of such a folding of a three-phase electrical panel at a private booth you can see below:

In this scheme of the electrical panel, the phases are divided on the edge of the voltage, through a single-pole automatic device and a differential switch. L1, L2 and L3 are equally favored by the slower ones, zgіdno with the frontal protection of the forward biases. Report more about those who can see our article.

It is not recommended to work like this - one phase for sockets, otherwise for lighting, the third one, whether or not you need it, because. it is important to share the interest between L1, L2, L3. As one of the phases is supernaturally stressed, there is a voltage drop on it, at the same time there is a voltage drop on the free ones. Tse phenomena can often be guarded in winter hour, near the residential sector. As your sucid in phase, having noticed the strained sleeper, the lighting lamps began to darkly shine in your booth, and the refrigerator began to buzz with a strained buzz. Know the purpose of your phase. And at the same time, other ships, powered from other phases, begin to shine brightly and vibrate lamps, burn out the equipment, and you can start to burn out.

What is the cost three-phase vanishing, For her, such a peroxide would be fatal. Whatever it was, if you fail to choose a shield, additionally install a phase and voltage control relay for a three-phase line. For single-phase mesh wink. You can control the rozpodіl navantazhennya with the help of a multimeter with strum pliers, which is shown in the photo below.

Well, the last option of folding the shield to the form of electricity for 380 volts is a disturbance, if in home electricity presence and three-phase and single-phase saving electric power. In this way, pick up the electrical panel in the appropriately advancing order:

Video lessons from editing

Having become familiar with this information, you still didn’t fully understand how to choose the three-phase shield correctly, it’s easy to look at the videos, in which the order of folding is clearly demonstrated:

Folding scheme

An overview of the electrical installation

Axis and everything that I wanted to tell you about those, how to choose a shield for the appearance of electricity with your own hands. Like a bachite, it is possible to connect only for the obviousness of the singing habits, because when folded, it is necessary to protect the impersonal nuances, correct choice denomination of automatic machines.

fit( 0 ) Doesn't fit( 0 )

I don't care about those regulatory support operating rules electrical installations near the living houses, they have long changed in the rural area, as before, a lot of houses were stashed, as if they were powered by the old TN-C scheme through electrical panel with an induction lichnik with an accuracy class of 2.5%, theft by guards with fusible inserts. Such a scheme will require modernization for a long time.

Navit was carried out by the electropostal organization reconstruction repeated lines that replacement of old wires on a self-supporting insulated model does not require replacement electrical circuits.

Old electric shields are working at the borders of their capacities, and they are not able to provide the electrical safety of the bagmen.

In order to implement the modernization of the electrical panel into a private booth, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors:

a system of zastosovuvannoy schemes of grounding electrical control and the presence of a bliskvkozakhist, which determines the design of the entry building;

type and function of the electric chiller;

choose the need for protection;

vrahuvat razmіri.

Before the beginning of modernization, it is necessary to take into account the feasibility of all electrical appliances, to sum up and analyze them, in order to create a small margin of tension. private booth you can use vikonans as a single-surfaced, as well as a rich-surfaced booth with a different number of arrivals, providing for all the mighty electrical possessions and accessories. All the electricians are to blame, but they are overprotected, and the vanity that is saved by them is protected.

Viber of the introductory rozpodіlnogo pristroy(BRU) for a private booth - it's great okrema theme, in order to change the type of wiring, its design and the thickness of the wires, the methods of splitting the PEN-conductor, which only apply to the ASU, and a number of other factors.

How to choose an electric light

Dodatkovі, ale nebhіdnі zahisnі outbuildings

Protipozhne ELV

Appointed Zahistu explains yoga name. Tse means that in case of unacceptable accidents, damage to the insulation caused a struma of turns to the ground before the appearance, which is a “watchful” ELV and a change in the voltage of the electrical control circuit, forgetting the fault. For this purpose, choose the place of installation as soon as the lichnik for cooling the entire zone of the booth is assigned, and the setting for the spratsovuvannya 300 miliamperes is assigned.

Voltage level control relay

Regardless of when you come in to increase the reliability of electricity supply, the quality of electricity does not always comply with the declared standards. There is no insurance.

Priestry zahisnogo inclusion, to control a large number of practicing survivors, you can often use it. It is not necessary to troubleshoot the malfunction and maintenance of the circuit. ELVs are connected sequentially with the automatic switch, so that the nominal stream is selected according to the machine’s aim, equal to the number of steps greater than the total stream of protection.

The diagram shows that the phase conductor after the ELV is subdivided through linear automatic switches of type B or C and is directed to the downstream without a middle.

The working zero N is not passed through the automation. For a group of patients No. 2 of indications, the option of enlightenment zero bus N for the help of an additional terminal block.

The group of supporters No. 3 demonstrates the scheme for choosing a difavtomat. Here automatic wimicach is not needed. However, difavtomat in case of inaccurate selection can be pardoned when the pulse blocks of life, for example, a computer, are turned on.

The distribution of the PE-conductor is carried out through a specially formed bus-PE.

Basic power to the electrical panel

Selecting the model of the shield can be done after the completion of the design of the electrical circuit of the booth with the equipment reappointment number of switching and switching devices. At the same time, create a small supply for possible connections in the future, additional power, for example, electric pumps, drive gates or emergency lighting.

Ring out, the place in the middle of the shield with an hour will be promptly zapovnyuєtsya and sometimes the masters will deliver an additional electrical panel.

Raztashuvannya of the shield during the modernization of the scheme should be chosen with the improvement of the security of the yogo operation and the spring voltage of the scheme of the booth. If there are no plans to replace the electrical wiring, then a new electrical panel will be installed after dismantling for changing the installation work.

Access of children, domestic creatures and third-party devices to the shield must be enclosed with a lock, which is locked with a key, which is taken from a specially introduced mist.

Modern electric shields can be used in the middle of a DIN rail, on which all the possessions are securely fastened. Tsim good for the place.

On the doors of the shield in front of the electric switch, manually open a window with a clear insert for reading the reading without opening the lock.

All possessions of the shield must be clearly signed. It is not recommended to use ink, felt-tip pens, or powders for the printer for this coloring ink. The writings may be saved for a long time.

Often with compact rotting switching devices there are no months for tickets. In this way, it is allowed to mark the possession of clearly visible numbers with folding detailed decryptionїх name that recognition on the okremu arkush, which is saved on the doors or to another accessible place.

Correctly marked report description warehouse elements of the shield in the future shore at a rich hour, nerves and help to fix inaccuracies in the border.

Take the safety shield in the middle of the safety poster “Don't get in! Work on the line! help when repairing the circuit to turn off the power of people under the voltage. The poster should always be hung on the vimknenі important automatic machines at the hour of vikonanny, be it robots.

Features of installation in the electrical panel

The fastening of automatic devices on a DIN-rail is mounted in such a way that the arc chamber (lattice, plates) is known to the animal (important inclusion of directing uphill). With such an expansion, the most friendly mode of opening the arc is created when it is turned on, which saves the resource of the robot by approximately 25%. Incorrect placement of the machine will shorten the term of its operation.

The introduction of life to the automatic machines is beaten by the beast, and the introduction of advancement is from below. Okremi virobniki, for example, Siemens or Legrand allow you to serve food enough. But in the electrical panel, everything can be connected one-way - otherwise, in the process of robotic electricians, it is possible to pardon and induce attacks against electrical injuries.

At parallel connection in one row of devices, mounted on DIN-rails, insulating a separate comb and special entrance clamps.

Insert the pins of the comber at the zatyskach of the machine. It is entered by a clamp with its own shtirk to wind up here. To turn off the peroxide of the comb, the pins of the clamps are placed under the pin of the comb on machines with a lower, rumpled part of the seal. If there is no fluffy part, then the stitch of the glue is spread over the stitch of the comb. Wires are connected to the entry terminal.

Vykoristannya rozpodіlnyh combs not є obov'yazkovoy vymogoy. Bagato mastrіv roble montage bent wires obtyskayuchi їх endings with special tips. Such a scheme comes out as a whole working, but it takes a little time, and the heaps of wires are neatly sorted out.

For connection sour zero PE is broken by a special earthen bus, laid out near the introduction of the main cable mass. For all types of placement in the shield of the phase bus L and operating zero N, it is necessary to insulate the case for them.

The incoming cables of electric power start at the shield through the top or side mounting openings, and the live cables from the bottom. Mustache cables and wires are responsible for clear marking and identification. Thought out and neatly designed cabling to save space in the electrical panel and allow electricians to easily deal with the installation of the circuit in the process of operation.

Before the introduction of the robot after the completion of the installation, before connecting to the voltage, it is necessary to carry out an external and internal inspection of the installed property and to conduct a measurement of the insulation support of the selected circuit.

The new shield needs to be serviced. For this, through the operation, it is necessary to check the control of the stretching of all threaded connections and contacts, and then recheck them once again. І don't forget to check the ELV with the "Test" button if you want.

So that the electrical wiring was safe, handy in maintenance and, before that, building-up vitrimat navantazhennia in the presence of electrical appliances, it is necessary to correctly go to the warehouse wiring diagram rose shield. On which project can the whole hierarchy be assigned automatic vimics that ELV, right up to the rosette group. Krіm tsgogo, on all zahisnіy avtomatіvі can be specified denomination, as well as class zakhistu. We gave our readers the basic schemes of a rozpodіl shield near a private booth, apartments and cottages.

Flat

Also, like the apartment of the old house and, before that, it was one-room (for example, Khrushchev), the same project for the separation of electrical wiring looks like this:

Yak Vi Bachite, in this connection scheme, there was no shield for PE tires, because the old Khrushchev houses are grounded daily. As for the elements of the electrical circuit, it consists of a bipolar automatic vimikacha, a lichilnik of electricity (), and a group of "packets". One automatic machine serves the group of lighting, the other one - sockets, and the third one - I clean the car. Well, if you have a ground loop, then the electrical circuit for folding the electric shield in the apartment looks like this:

The dotted line (1) designates the body of the shield under the shield, (2) and (3) the price is zero. The fourth element of the project is a comb, a sort of automatic winding. (5) - single-phase ELV for 40 Ampere and jet coil 30 mA, well (6) - group automation (3 to 16 Ampere and 1 to 25, for). A single-pole automatic vimikach with a nominal value of 40 Amperes was installed on the input. The lowest number of electrical circuits consists of apartment amenities - groups of lighting, sockets and hard electrical appliances (our type of stove).

Well, there are more spacious apartments electrical scorching that group hard work electricity. In this case, the electrical circuit of the introductory switchboard will be more serious and for the number of automatic devices, which is not accepted by a private booth. Also, to your respect, the scheme of a rozpodіlny shield for an apartment of a painted plan:

For such a large number of spare electricians, you can three-phase mesh(380v) and on the input, vidpovidno, tripolus automatic vimikach 63 Amperes. In the other, farther, ELV for 40 Amperes, a group of automatic devices for 16 and 25 Amperes (deposit as a recognition), and an additional switch for a 10 mA coil.

Focusing on the data of the connection scheme housing shield, design your own option and go to electrical installation robots! We have already been told about those!

private booth

A private booth can have both a single-phase and a three-phase electrical circuit. At the first stage, the electrical installation scheme will be similar to the project for electrical supply. room apartment. The simplest option for connecting a shield for a living house looks like this:

In this scheme of a separate switchboard of a private booth for 220 V, a two-pole vimikach is installed on the input, an electric chiller is connected, after that - ELV and a group of single-pole automatic vimics. It’s easy to finish everything and water for GOST. As to your plot, a three-phase line was brought, to principle diagram folding the shield will look different. She can already get help from the arrivals - the garage, the state block, or to find a place. The shield, obviously, would be great and bezlіchchyu razgaluzhen, so for the butt we were told to finish the obedient option.

Scheme of a separate switchboard for a private booth for 380 V, with different ELVs:

Before the circuit diagram, I would like to add a small description:

1. For the garage electricity supply, a line was installed, protected by an outbuilding of a shut-off connection. Other two automatic devices are installed on a group of sockets i.
2. Yakshcho at the booth triphasic sleepers electric power, or rather, connect it through a three-phase automatic device and a chotiripole ELV, as shown in the appendix. Since there are no three-phase electrical appliances, you can speed up the project, we will give it below.

fit( 0 ) Doesn't fit( 0 )

I pronounce your respect clumsy low-budget rose shield for a 3-room apartment based on Hager Volta 48 modules.

After the weather of the technical manager from the deputy, proceeding to the design of the power shield and the low-current barrier, it was necessary to pay such an order:

- transfer a reserve for the possibility of further expansion and the addition of new devices to the defense;

- Installation of a low-voltage shield right-handed in a rozpodilny, tobto. in a row i of the same rozіru;

- provide a sufficient free space in the middle of the electrical panel for a distant connection of lines that come in.

As a result, a separate Hager Volta shield for 48 modules was assembled, tobto. Chotiri DIN-rails, 12 modules. So the solution is to provide enough free space in the middle for switching and further expansion of the system.

Slabotkova merezha apartment folded z television and computer money, intercom z vyvedennya izobrazhenya that. Us slabkostrumovі merezhi apartments will be zvoditsya in a low-current shield, in yakomu vіdbuvatiyetsya pіdklyuchennya vstanovlennya active and passive obladnannya. As a low-current shield for designing a multimedia shield of Hager Volta for 48 modules, and also for a new, guarding deputy and those who will install a guard, a power electric shield for designing and picking up at the building for 48 modules.

In the rest of the hour, for small decisions in my projects, I stop the Hager Volta shield. Why? You can marvel at my many rose shields.

In this order, we will have two rows of installed shields in one series and the same form factor. practical and aesthetic solution !

Let's move on to looking at the architecture of a rozpodіlny shield for a 3-room apartment.

At the top of the switchboard on the walkway, a voltage switch for 63A was installed, then an electric power switch and an automatic switch C25, which borders the input voltage of 5 kW. Dali input cable near the apartment, in the corridor, there will be a montage of an apartment rose shield, which we can see from a distance.

Usі modular aparaty zahistu vikoristanі Hager.

The layout of the rose shield

I have already reportedly reviewed the main principles in the design and selection of separate shields. At the analyzed electrical panel, the layout was adopted (so that the expansion of the outbuildings in the middle of the electrical panel itself) to a number of groups.

Introduction

On the first DIN-rail, on the introduction of the rozpod_lny shield, a switch is installed.

Vimikach navantazhennya allows, if necessary, to repair the entire electrical panel for carrying out repairs or maintenance as a sub-panel shield, and all electrical wiring as a whole.

The ZUBR voltage control relay ensures the safety of home electrical currents in the field of stripping and voltage drops in the lifeline, as well as the protection of the zero shave.

Later, in the world of financial possibilities, that purchase is available for a low-current line, the zamovnik will add an automatic switch for a low-voltage shield, so and other extensions, for the time being, only to faint.

Kitchen

On the other DIN-rail, a group ELV for the kitchen is installed, and the next one has automatic switches for the living room:

- Electric oven;

- Kitchen sockets;

- Kitchen air conditioner.

Room sockets

On the third DIN-rail, a group of ELVs of socket groups was mounted, and automatic alarms were given for the rooms:

- Room sockets;

- Two air conditioners;

- Visvitlennya apartments.

Sanvouzol

On the remaining DIN-rail there is a group ELV of the sanitary unit, further after the new one:

— cleaning machine;

- Light toilet and bathroom.

Folding of the rose shield

After the confirmation of that weather by the technical manager from the deputy, the scheme of the rozpodil shield at the link with the layout was designed. After the design, the folding of the shield was built.

The back of the head was marked with additional stickers for all modular extensions.

Then, according to the broken scheme, it was connected between the outbuildings in the middle of the shield. For this one, PV-3 6 mm2 was installed in two colors: red for connecting phase conductors, blue - for zero conductors.

For stripping wires vikoristovuvavsya special sign of insulation. After stripping, carry out the boules with pinned tips - single for one wire NShVI 6-12, movable for two wires NShVI2 6-14. The tips are pressed with a special tool - .

For the connection of several group automatic vimikachiv vikoristan special phase - "comb".

Electric board stickers

For the better, from the deputy, one of the few proposed design options. The stench was prepared, hand-crafted and pasted.

The leather color of the stickers is of a different group: yellow - kitchen, green - rosette group, black - sanitary vuzol. The skin group is rimmed with color and rimmed with DIN rails, everything is logical and just for inspiration.

After the folding of the rozpodіlny shield, there will be protests, then at the empty places on the plastron, plugs will be installed, the necessary documentation will be enclosed, instructions for installation and the shield will be sent to the deputy.

A detailed look at the electrical panel for a 3-room apartment can be seen in the video:

Rozpodіlny shield near the apartment

) for all apartments, roztashovanih on the skhodny maidanchik.

Prote current trends they changed the power supply to the distribution of electrical energy, and the electrical panels began to be blocked in the middle of the apartments. Tsoma took a sprinkling of the main reasons, but she herself:

• Nestacha mіstsya in the overhead shields through too great a lot of electric power ( , automata, lichilniki then);
• The need for security to dosing expensive electrical equipment against vandalism and theft;
• Healthiness - to include a group of caregivers at the apartment, it is not necessary to leave the house;

Іsnuyut elektroshchit prihovanoї and ovn_shnyoї installation.

Rozpodіl apartment elektromerezі on the group

To improve the safety and reliability of electrical supply, as well as greater efficiency during operation and repair electric mesh divide apartments into groups. The most popular rozpodіl elektromerezі apartment on the group may look like this:

• For the types of comfort it is good to go for small apartments, de comfort breaks down on the steps of the group: lighting, kitchen sockets, air conditioning, boiler, cleaning machine, sockets in the rooms and so on;
• For accommodations - the most dotsilno vikoristovuvaty in large-sized apartments from the great energy-saving near the skin room: kitchen, corridor, technical premises, rooms too;
• Dosit often zastosovuyt and combinations of options, which are composed of descriptions of other methods;

Appointment apartment shield– ce іndivіdualne іnіvіdіvіnіnі іnіvіdіvnіnі vіruzhenі zhivlennja іnі for groups elektropryymаchіv, form elіktroenergії,іdіkaііnіії vyavnostі phases іn more.

Even more often, for the implementation of schemes for protection and inclusion, one goes into two widest options:

• All sockets are connected through ELV up to one machine. To another automatic machine without a vikoristannya, the ELVs are connected with lanterns of lighting, and the third vicorist is used for the life of the hard ones, such as a car, a boiler, an air conditioner, and others.

Advantages of such a connection scheme:

1. Simplicity;
2. There is no need for supplements pink boxes;
3. Varity is small;

Noodles:

1. Under the hour of the accident, the entire group of survivors will be left without electricity supply;
2. Greater folding process for detecting line failures;

• Automatic faucet for daily lighting functions and sockets with refurbishment in rosette boxes. In such a time, the potentially unsafe lancers are to blame for the outbuildings of the ELV.

Advantages:

1. The skin zone of electrical supply under control, which ensures good control and a quick detection of faults on the line;
2. Maximum zakhist;
3. Under the hour of the accident, it is practical to have everything connected to the wire;

Noodles:

1. Increased expansion of the shield;
2. Іstotno growth of the project;

Electrical diagram of the shield

The principle diagram of the apartment electrical panel is shown below:

Wikonan Shield Schematic single-phase introduction. On the diagram it is mentally marked: L - live voltage phase, N - neutral or zero working conductor, PE - grounding protection.

Reporting scheme below:

Introducing automatic lock-in - automatic switch, appointments for the re-enablement of all apartments in different emergency situations or for the primus primus inclusion in the apartment by the koristuvach himself.

The electric lichinik is an addition to the appearance of the electric power supply for these applications. Vimiryuvannya spend at kW ∙ year. They can be both mechanical and electronic. Electronic electric chillers can be programmed and transmit energy saving data to other electronic devices.

Differential automatic device - attachment, which is the function of the automatic switch and the extension of the ELV switch-on.

Tires for the arrival of darts - complete electrical panels for at least two. One is for grounding darts, and the other is for zero darts.

The designated shield has two openings on the edge of the group (QA4, QA5). Group 1 has three sessions (QA4), and group 2 two sessions (QA5). This option can be used for okremy functional groups of bathrooms and kitchens.

Apply diagrams of apartment shields

Electrical installation of the apartment electrical panel vibrates according to the electrical circuit. If the shield is to be bought in assembly, then the electrical circuit is to be added.

The butt of a simple apartment electrical panel from the ELV readings below:

For the sake of clarity, it is shown the revision of the brand of cables, as it is possible to win for other cable lines.

On the right is shown the standard equipment of a typical apartment. On entering the apartment, they are installed sequentially with an automatic differential switch or a superior automatic switch. At the shield, there may be a sprat of a group of supporters.

At the pointed butt, there is a group of lighting and sockets for the protection of two by automatic switches BA63 with nominal strum u 16 A, as well as an automatic machine with a nominal value of u 25 A for an electric stove.

To finish the milk often, a group of people see air conditioners and clean machines.

The electrical panel diagram for a rich-room apartment looks approximately like this (levoruch diagram):

A differential automatic switch is installed for the protection of kitchen sockets, which will switch off a large number of different electrical appliances. Differential vimikach navantazhennia for the safety of protection of other objects - lighting of sanitary facilities, vimikaci kіmnat and other electrical equipment.

Below is a folding diagram for a rozpodіlny shield of a rich room apartment:

In this type of input, an ELV VD63 with a differential jet of 300 mA is installed. This is due to the fact that the strum coil can reach a high one through a large length of the line and when installing the ELV with a smaller strum coil, it is possible to pardon.

The first three automatics are necessary for the protection of the lancers of illumination. Differential automatic machine with a coil of 10 mA to beat for the protection of the electric control of the bathroom. Such a low spratsovuvannya needed through promoted insecurity strikes electric jet at the bathrooms. Group 3 ELV VD63 and three automatic devices protect sockets. The three-phase automatic machine BA63 and PZV VD63 vibrate against hard dampers, such as an electric stove. The rest of the line from one ELV VD63 and two automatic switches BA63 is recognized for protection of lancers for auxiliary and other uses.