І vihodyachy from the company's policy in the field of safety technology, it is necessary to appoint members of your organization, as they will be in favor of the implementation of the policy policy. There may be one (or more) representative of safety technology.

Chi means that you, as a manager, can sit quietly and give the opportunity to the spokesmen to talk about themselves? Without a doubt, no. Vіdpovіdaєte for safety and vykonannya tsgo obov'yazku conveying the rules of safety technology in practice. If you were vidpovіdalnym for any unfortunate incident (and vіn becoming after the fact that you didn’t manage to follow the rules of the safety technique), you can find out a serious risk of non-refundable fines, or you can get a notification up to two years (at the time of writing, tho division).

Your role is to make it clear to spivrobitnikam and bring to the conclusion everything that matters to them, and you are responsible for working out the necessary details, so that you can successfully implement it. The rules of safety engineering are to blame, but they are clearly formulated, and whether or not these rules can be violated, you can cause disciplinary visits. Regardless of those that practitioners themselves can be the cause of many unfortunate depressions, roboticists are guilty of doing everything they can to help them.

In addition, as a manager, you are guilty buti ready until a decision is made for non-performing conditions. You are responsible for evaluating the risk for health and the safety of your spіvrobіtnikіv and prіvnyati otrimani z vitratami, yakі carrying the administration with a method of zapobіgannya untransmitted unsafe situations.

Krіm vprovadzhennya rules tekhnіki zpeka, You are also guilty of buti vpevnі, scho people, like borrowing from the team of stone plantings, do not destroy them themselves. Such situations are especially unsafe in small working groups, the work of which is paid for the final result. In these situations, without a middle ground, the guards of such groups (for example, foremen) often spit on violations of the rules of safety technology and admit them. If the information was similar to you as a manager, responsible for the work of the group, and you ignored it, then you, as a person who is the most important person of the group, you can be attracted to the ship’s capacity.

(As a manager, you are not guilty of forgetting about the regular conduct of "early training" with your staff, and about those who are your "voluntary volunteers", as individuals, in return for the first help, were the most important rank of training and training).

Another situation, in which you are responsible, be especially careful if you ask for the best contractors. As you control the territory, for which the best contractors work, you and the stink bear the responsibility for complying with the rules of safety technology.

Depending on the legislation adopted in this hour, if you lay down a contract or look at the tender information, you are responsible for being aware of your subcontractors to know about all the possible transfer problems. When signing a contract, you need to include prior to the new agreement on the rules and standards of safety technology and the obligation to provide adequate training for all practitioners, as a result of the contract to disclose the work. You also need to exercise control over it, so that you wash your safety, are appointed in a contract, and do it in a practical way.

Even though you have taken the position in the organization, you are guilty of understanding that ignorance of the rules of safety technology cannot be true. You are guilty of being recognized by us by the rules, as you are hounded, so that they could get ahead of unsafe deeds. For example, є sing rules, yakі zastosovuetsya at vikonannі robіt іz vstanovlennya dakhіv podpriєmstv, farbuvannya that purifying. If you place such a task in front of an unknown person, if you haven’t undergone special training and don’t have the necessary possession, You don’t have the evidence, it will become like an unfortunate fall.

Virobnicheskoy traumatism with stone robots can be like this:

- collapsed walls in case of incorrect deposit;

– weakening of cementing structures;

- fall of the chains from the heights on the workers, who are resting near the unsafe zone;

- Perevantazhennya pіdmostkіv budіvelnimi materials;

- The fall of people from the heights for the presence of special shelter buildings.

The causes of injuries are sometimes incorrect organization of work and incomplete technology.

Deyakі budіvelnі razchini and materials - like, for example, vapno chi cement, shkіdly vplyvayut on the distal organs and skin of people, sometimes causing chemical opiki. This can also be the case with a rozvantazhennі vapna without vikoristannya necessary zasobіv.

When transporting dry household materials, put on protypilov respirators and close-type eyepieces.

When preparing vape dough, they allow such a, even wider pardon: vape to breed in a specially dug pit, not stolen by anything and not covered with a beast. Harrowed vivantazhuvati tysto z korita hands.

When repairing the foundations, they should be replaced or carried out without significant breaks at the work on the next few non-contiguous plots of the plant, not more than 1 m.

The walls are moving forward, when cracks appear on them, beacons should be placed, for which they should be guarded.

At the windows and door openings of the first, a timchas reinforcement of a jumper is installed on top, and in the foundation pit near the booth - a timchas’s reinforcement of a part of the foundation.

Mіstsya vykonannya robіt іz pіdvedennija foundation fencing no less than 1.4 m from the wall.

On the wake-up maidanchik obov'yazkovo may buti a first-aid kit for first aid dokarskoy assistance. It includes bandages, sterile cotton wool, adhesive plaster, humovy jgut, iodine, diamant green roses, ammonia, zasib opikiv.

Follow the rules of safety technology for an hour of work with tools. Hand tools cannot be put in the intestines, or by the belt, shards can cause unfortunate fits. Practice, for example, with a chisel, straighten yoga in front of yourself. Nevikonannya of this rule to cause serious injuries to the chest and abdomen. The cutting part of the tool is also straight forward to kill yourself.

Electric tools are due to mother insulation on the handles. Similar tools are connected to the edge for an additional safety plug. Under the hour of work, put on dielectric mittens.

Pratsyuvat pneumatic іnstrument sled less іz stіykyh podstav. You can’t squirm with attached gatherings.

During various routine and repair work, the scaffolds often get stuck. Tse temporal outbuildings, which are installed on the ceiling, which allow laying masonry in the heights above. The stench is divided into 3 main types:

1. Trees, with a height of over 3.5 m, which are prepared with obov'yazkovym vrіzannyam constructive elements and fenced at a height of 1 m from three or more sides. The width of the wooden flooring of the walkway is determined from the opening: the working area is 60–70 cm, the gap between the flooring and the wall is 5 cm, the space, where the materials are stored is 100–160 cm.

2. Metals, which are adjustable in height.

3. Mechanized, looking at the towers and Maidanchiks.

Scaffolding can be chosen or block. Width for carrying out stone work can be no less than 2 m.

Kam'yan masonry with a height of up to 1.2 m is recommended to be carried out from the ground or overcast. For the continuation of the masonry on the heights of the vicorist, scaffolds are installed, which are installed on the ceilings of the booth. For example, the height of the masonry should be set above 9 m, and the lining should be fixed, which will be installed on the ground.

During the construction and operation of the personal property from the village (scaffolding, drabini, descend, flooring) there is also a trace of the memory of the sprat of rules. Drabini and rishtovannya navіt a small height need to be stitched with railings, and along the edges to nail side boards. When the parts of the structure were fastened together, they drank away the traces of labor in them, so great power is reached. Scaffolding and flooring, roztashovanny on a great height, vymagayut special respect when folded and zmіtsnenn. At the central knots of such constructions, it is recommended to vicorist not flowers, but dovgі samorizi. Go away, that drabini cannot be seduced by everyday material.

At the footbridge with a height of 1.3 m, there should be fenced fences with a height of 1.1 m, as if due to the handrail, side boards, 15 cm, and intermediate boards.

The onboard board is laid with an edge on the underlay. All elements are fastened to the stalk from the inner side. If necessary, on the flooring of the footbridges, underlays of 50-60 cm and 70-100 cm wide are installed.

Until the beginning of that hour, the building of the foundations periodically re-verifies the materiality of the walls of the trenches and pits. In order to hide the deboned soil near the unfixed pits, the bud materials should be traced beyond the borders of a possible deboning ground.

Budіvelnі materials - stone, chain, rozchin - serve at the trench along the troughs, without people. It is fenced off to throw the material at the trench and to throw it over the wheelbarrows.

At the world of the building foundation, the reinforcement of the walls of trenches and pits is removed, the lower rosettes are taken away only after the upper ones are taken.

To avoid collapses, take one, maximum two doskas at once.

At the excavation, either the trenches should be descended with a drab or by descents from the railing. In winter, the railings are cleared from the ice.

When vikonannі pіchnyh robіt sіd sіduvat singing rules, live later come in. Most pardons are given at the first stages of the work, when chopping and smashing the chains. During the preparation of that layout, the chains of either the daily blocks, however, need to be sharply stitched, both for the quality of the work itself, and for the accuracy of that step of sharpening the tool and the personal possession.

Quite often in everyday life, impersonal elements appear, as if they could damage treasures (fireplaces, flowers, ulamki warehouses, etc.), so before the cob, it is necessary to carefully process it. Rozpіrki for zmіtsnennya sіn pіd foundation owe well but well fixed, mother enough dozhina and well enter mіzh bіchnymi sіnkami.

So is the rather unsafe process of extinguishing the vapor. The alarm clock should be covered with a respirator, which can be replaced with a bandage that closes its mouth. The robotic robe is guilty of nadіyno curling up all the bodies of the body, so that they can be covered with okrop. Do not forget about mittens and wear eyepieces. The pit for collecting vape dough can be fenced off, the mother’s flooring and the manhole.

The laying of the upper elements of the stove is to be carried out from the top lining. Folding the materials on the floorings, they were spread evenly across the entire area, covering at least 30 cm of empty space from the edge. The width of the decking is not less than 1 m. on the rib. It is categorically harrowed to install flooring on stools, wooden chocks, or dry-folded troughs.

As the stacking of materials is transferred to the hillside or dahu, the next to move forward in the space of the roof and beams. The advancement of these structures is threatening with strong collapses. For the presence in the premises of the mountainous ceilings, the laying of the stove pipes can be carried out from the flooring from the boards with a thickness of at least 40-50 mm, as they are laid on the beams, fixed and supplemented with railings. The width of such a flooring can be no less than 0.7-0.8 m. Even though the fortification has not yet been completed, next to lay between the beams go from the board with a tovshchina of 50 mm. At the same time, the boards can be buttically fastened on both sides, the width of the course is not less than 50–70 cm, on the whole stretch of the head, there can be security on both sides with a railing. On the dakha, trumpet a little lower for a rіven, install a horizontal maidanchik on brackets, fastening along the roofs with a fence on the side of the schilov.

Zaporuka garnoy masonry - the correct hanging of the working space. The electric lamp is guilty of being tightened with a metal mesh, and the electrical wiring is vikonan insulated darts on roller skates, but not on flowers.

At the process of sorting out the oven, it is necessary to follow it, so that the chain, as it falls, does not damage the electrical wiring. For an hour of such work, it’s easier to turn on її zovsіm. When picking up the pichnyh pipes, it is necessary to fence off the side of the shila at the bottom of the maidanchik no less than 10 m from the wall, so as a chain, which skochuetsya, can do it strongly.

When arranging the main array of the oven, it is necessary to stitch, so that the walls do not fall in large pieces, especially if their tovshchina is half or a quarter of the chain. Before picking the masonry, it is necessary to soak the masonry with water, so that the saw hits in the dihal paths.

The order for cleaning the smoke channels of the stoves can be handled and completed, which is checked before going to the dachas. The standard kit includes a weight with a spool, a broom for smoking soot, a soot spoon, a pichny hammer, chisels of various kinds, a trowel for pichnyh robots, a belt with a spool, as well as a first aid kit.

The shape is a povniy overall made of thin fabric, zahisnі eyepieces, mittens, a headdress, sound a bere or a thin hat. Pіdmіtki chobit аbo cherevikіv sazhotrus due to but only humovym.

During the work carried out on the winder of the western belt, they were followed by creeping up to the metal elements of the bud or special metal staples. In case of re-sutting along the dash, one should be careful of forging and failing to cover. Like on the mountain, there is a roll-up, it is overwhelmed by it. In such slopes, boards are laid on all the floors, so as to increase the area of ​​\u200b\u200bsupport and avoid failures.

When the weight is pulled from the pipe, it is blocked to throw the hank over the darts, which will pass nearby, ringing from the edge of the dahu. Motuzok at the world of winding up needs to be folded nearby in kiltsy or in packs. It is fenced off to throw off the winder from the daha with the cleaning weight.

It is necessary to carry out clean-up work on the hills for the amount of lighting or lighting with fire. At the first stage, it is followed by an electric or battery lighter. After completion, the entire tool is re-verified for reality. Redundancy is drawn from Dimov's channels short term. After that, all the tools are cleaned and placed in the place of the safekeeping.

Under the hour of everyday life, it is necessary to finish the rules against fire safety. Especially sleda vrakhovuvat nebezbezpeku viniknennya pozhezhі on budіvelno-assembly maidanchik pіd hour robіt, pov'yazanih іz zastosuvannyam vіdkritoy fire.

In order to protect the fire, the anti-burn barriers - firewall walls from the boundary of fire resistance are not less than 4 years old. safety during the weekday hours. In order for the coronation of the asylum to bring you only satisfaction, and not become a source of great inaccuracies, in the process of exploitation it is necessary to take care of entering the anti-burning safety.

Wooden and other woods easily catch fire due to insulation, or they are located on a significant part of the hot parts of the stove and flue. As an insulator, it is necessary to use non-combustible materials or materials with low thermal conductivity.

If a pich-kam'yanka with thick walls is laid on a burning base, then it should be no less than 14 cm to the bottom of the ash pan, and 21 cm to the bottom of the smoke turns. Article.

The frame thin-walled pichka is guilty of being reinforced with a wooden lining with asbestos cardboard with a thickness of 12 mm and stuffed over the top of the covering steel. Metal stoves are installed on the base, which is folded in two rows of cauldrons, which lie on a ball of seeped clay lining. A metal sheet is nailed on the bottom of the firebox doors, which protects the pidlog from the vugill, which blew from the stove. Mіzh pіchchyu that wooden wall or a partition of obov'yazkovo may have a gap of 13 cm, and between the nearest dimoobіg that wall - 25 cm.

The furnace wall needs to be plastered or upholstered with roofing steel, as it is laid down, it is leaked with clay rose. Away from the furnace doors to the protilezhny wall, it is guilty of buti no less than 1.5 m. The same height for a non-heat-resistant stove can be 1 m.

Dakh at the places of zіtknennya with dimar is covered with a bay or a covering steel. Next, at the same time, lay cracks on the stove and chimneys, as well as clean the smoke channels from the soot that has accumulated in them.

Major overhaul the foundation is a folding process, the lower level of a new one.

The foundation of an old house, often old, is a threat to adjacent houses. Such a foundation should be repaired at the borders of the minds of the middle settlements of the villages, at the uninterrupted proximity of people and transport. With this everyday maidan, most of the time, the territory is yard, constantly lined with everyday materials and, before that, it is victorious for the passage of the meshchantsiv suidny boudinka.

According to the rules of safety technology, a high building, not less than 2 m, was transferred to the fence, as well as the whole budive maidanchik. Important everyday details and constructions are fenced to parkan. On the yard territory and above the sidewalks, so that the fall of the fall of any objects, next to the critical gallery will disappear.

Repair and maintenance work in the winter period is more unsafe than robots in the summer period.

Proznі ways, passages, paths, roztashovanі bіl budіvіlny maidanchik, sіd regularly cleared in the snow and sniffed chi ash.

IN winter hour freezing to the ground in the depths of the deep freeze (dry sand cream) is allowed without reinforcement. With a distant burying in the thawed soil, reinforcement is installed. Behind the camp of the fixed part of the next, install an unmistakable guard.

Dry food soils, independently from freezing, rozroblyayut with vertical walls from the installed reinforcement or extensions of the mowing. Excavation of pits and trenches after the method of natural freezing of soils is allowed without improving the fixing to a height of up to 3.5 m. In dry food soils, freezing of this method is not allowed.

When expanding the frozen soil, it is necessary to expand the upper ball with a wedge, with hammers and other outbuildings, and also in the soil in a different way: ovens for logs, steam heads, metal box with palniks.

When rozrahunku material elements of the formwork next to vrakhovuvaty additional stress in the form of insulation, frosting, etc. I especially respect the work on the masonry in the winter hour, its draft, stability and deformation.

The place of saving the budding materials and virobiv should be regularly cleaned in the snow and ice.

Rіzne obladnannya, like zastosovuєtsya during repair and emergency robots, vimagaє suvoroy dotrimannya rules of safety technology. Damaged cich could cause damage to the strum, viknennya fire in the form of short chimes.

Three types of possible damage to a person are distinguished electric jet:

- unipolar, with a vipadkovy dotik of the hand, head or part of the body of a person to a strum-guided part. Injuries from unipolar injury become 85% of injuries savage number electrical injury;

- bipolar, with a vipadkovy dotik, people up to two darts;

- the crock voltage is shown when a person comes to a torn dart, that having fallen to the ground, that it is under tension, or when it is close to a place laid in the earth electric cable from broken insulation.

At the time of the consumption of an electric stream, you can’t start it up in the air. To finish milk is often to bring to death. It seems that a lot of such injuries ended in the death of the victim only to that people who were close by did not know how to help people first, as if they were under pressure, otherwise they could not work a piece of shit. It is also necessary to remember that if you don’t get it wrong, and accept the first donation of help from the first dokar, you can only lose the victim’s camp.

Closed circuiting method electric lansyug. Before them one can see:

- the method of passive dії, or falling;

- the method of active fire, or hanging on the dart.

At the first moment, the patient falls and shaves his body with a hairy body, or winds up in the new. A passive fall is inevitable when we are untidy, we suffer. This method is adventitious, like with a single-pole, so with a bipolar included in the measure.

In another case, the sufferers are guilty of kicking their feet, or kicking a drabin, after which they hang on a javelin. When hit by a crock, the tension from the cієї zone can be removed even more by crooks or, on the other hand, wide haircuts on two legs folded at once.

Helping the injured man in the offensive:

1. Switching off the knife switch, switching off the plug from the socket.

2. Like clothes on the victim of water, put dry objects on him, so as not to carry out the struma (humic hose, skewer, scarf).

3. Do not stick around the body of that hair of the victim, next pull it out.

4. A person can be shoved into the droth of the valley, littered in a dry cloth or another insulating material. Any way you can zastosuvat and in that fall, like a wet robe on the injured.

5. For the presence of a knife switch, or whether there are any vimikaci and the impossibility of zastosuvannya іnshih ways svіlnennya svіdko chop the darts with a tool from a dry insulated handle. Under the hour, the cross will turn back, the shards of the past short hum the stream of melting the brizki metal as wires and the rіzhuchа іnstrumenta can be consumed in disguise, and the bedrooms can be used to call out timchas zaslіlennya.

6. From the hands of the injured conductor, beat with a dry rail, a board, or with other streak-conducting objects.

7. From the point of view of the injured, it is possible to do such a thing: on the bare darts, you can throw another denudation, in front of the grounding of the darts. Strum, in such a manner, is driven into the ground and the voltage is reduced to a safe value, flooring, so that the sufferers can squeeze their fingers apart and let the see through.

8. When a person is struck by an electric strum, which is accompanied by a second witness, the victim should start to work negligently, piece by piece, blocking one of offensive methods:

- Z company to mouth;

- Z company in nіs;

- Method of Schiffer, Sylvester.

Piece by piece, do not hesitate to shy away, until the suffering comes to you.

You can give a sour pillow to the sufferer of naskilki and induce an indirect massage of the heart. After that, as soon as you come to you, you should immediately call the doctor.

In order to avoid injuries during repair and emergency robots, follow the obov'yazkovo grounding of metal buildings. electric tools that possession.

It is not allowed to solder the grounding circuit with parts of the installations that are grounded, in these drops electrical welding is guilty. Minimum cross section of wires different materials feet:

- Z midi - 4 mm2;

- for aluminum 6 mm2;

- Steel 24 mm2.

Pieces of earthworks are tied at the looking metal pipes, which are hammered into the ground at the same time, but at the looking metal lines laid under the ground on a depth of 80 cm.

Insulation of electrical wires and electrical fittings may be at the right station, and they will ensure the safety of people.

Transferring electric lighting on a wet floor is to be charged with a voltage of up to 15 tbsp, the middle place for laying basement walls is up to 40 tbsp. Put a light bulb in a zakhisnu grid with a light winding and in a cartridge for insulation in a specially insulated trim with a handle and a hook. Kіntsі drotіv low-voltage lamp due to mother plug.

For the safety of people, it is important to ensure the correct installation of electrical installations.

Employees are allowed to move to the transfer of vantazhivs (budding materials) after they have reached 18 years of age. The limiting rate of transferring the vantazhіv manually on a flat surface is as follows:

- for girls aged 18-20 - no more than 10 kg;

- for juniors aged 18–20 - 10 kg;

- for women of age 20 and older - no more than 15 kg;

– for people for 20 years – 40–50 kg;

- for two people, to carry one vestage - no more than 60 kg for two.

Vantazhnі and rozvantazhuvalnі robots in the best way to win in a mechanized way: with wheelbarrows and vіzkami. The handles of the vіzkіv slіd should be secured with zapobіzhny staples for the protection of the hands from the clogged places. Attachments for the attachment of the machine to the side of the barrel are equipped with swivel stoppers, which inspire wicked wandering. Workers' responsibilities stand on both sides of the vantage.

Rozvantazhuvalny robots, pov'yazanі z such materials, like cement, gypsum, kreyda, mayut but mechanization. When zavantazhennі and rozvantazhennі sled buti in special clothing, mother protypilovy respirator and closed-type eyepieces.

When vashtuvannі zalіzobetonnyh and block foundations zastosovuetsya mining robots. Non-compliance with the rules of safety to bring to the vindication of thermal opikiv, dust, vibration of gas cylinders, acetylene generators and other.

Gas balloons can be obov'yazkove rozp_znavalne zabarvlennya:

- sour baloons zabarvlenі in black colors;

– acetylenic – in whites;

- propane-butane - in chervonies.

Gas cylinders should be slid vertically and prevent them from falling. The length of the hoses is due to become no more than 30 m. Valves of gas cylinders for zakhistu vіd zabrudnenі are guilty of zakrivatisya with caps with vents at the turn. It is necessary to keep the gates, so that they open not clogged with ford.

Take care of the baloons in a clean place, which locks on the lock, in a vertical position in the nests of special stands. Empty balloons save money.

In times of improper operation, gas bottles can vibrate, leading to human casualties.

The main causes of vibrations of gas cylinders:

– mechanical failure of balloons after their fall;

- Hitting them with solid objects that fell from the heights;

- stronger heating of baloons in sony room or scorching accessories;

- sharp opening of the valve;

- іskrіnnya elektrichnogo uninsulated drotu;

- Oil getting on the cylinder valve.

In case of improper operation, it is very difficult to make acetylene gas generators of a portable type. The stinks lay the pieces of calcium carbide, which they get into with water. As a result of the expansion of carbide, acetylene gas is established.

When working with acetylene gas generators, the following are obstructed:

- to conduct work from one gas generator, two and more fingers;

- lay on the dzvіn gas tank dodatkovy vantage;

- install gas generators at the places where people are crowded;

- install gas generators in the months of the descent of the wakefulness, according to the vantages, which are raised, that in.

For the gas generator, I have a well-insulated portable booth with natural ventilation.

Gas balloons and acetylene generators cannot be left unattended. Frozen generators and valves of balloons are played with steam or hot water. The water riven at the water seal of the acetylene generator should be checked periodically. If a gas generator is practicable without water, then at the time of a half-hearted blow, it will inevitably become vibrated.

The gas generator is charged with powdered calcium carbide instead of shmatkovy, shards of a similar process are accompanied by a chemical reaction, heat accumulation and self-engaging acetylene. The gas generator has unacceptable solder from red midi. It is possible to enter into a chemical reaction with acetylene and to make it vibro-insecure.

For the conservation of calcium carbide, it is necessary to use a suitable place, which is well ventilated. The heating is fenced off.

The replacement of an acetylene gas generator or an acetylene cylinder or an acetylene cylinder can also be installed with a gasoline-kerosene additive, which is a tank with a pump and a pressure gauge. Rіdke palne, so, like gasoline, quenches those sums, at closed places it is fenced.

During the construction of gas-fired robots from the wooden footbridge, the flooring was laid to insulate fire and breeze of molten metal with sheets of asbestos or other fire-fighting material.

Below we will look at the basic rules of safety technology, connected with dekilkom by stages of facing work.

In order to hide the vertical gaps, sort out the tiles next to the sleeves.

It is necessary to cut ceramic, glass and gypsum tiles, as well as work lines in the window, in zahisnyh eyepieces with a non-bitten fold and slit mittens.

Cut polyvinylchloride and polystyrene tiles next to the sleeves using the "inside yourself" method.

To degrease the surface of the trail behind the additional ganchirka, wound on a wooden shearing - tse usune the contact of the shkir with acid and the possibility of chemical opiku.

To destroy the opik_v of the mucous membranes of the eyes wild ways viparami, in working premises it is necessary to control ventilation.

When preparing the solution of hydrochloric acid for low fat, pour water on the surface of the cob, and then add acid to it, and at the same time, not in the same way, you can bring the shards to the spray of acid.

If there are tools, then their handles are to blame for the mother of the mitzne, above the working surface, and the working surface is not to be blamed for the mother of the everyday defects: chips, cracks, teeth.

When working on the surface, zocrema with knee swollen irregularities, it is necessary to put on the eyepieces.

I would like to respect that all the work, connected with the preparations and victorious cement, should be carried out at the work clothes and tarpaulin mittens.

Preparing designs on the basis of a rare layer, it is necessary to put on special eyepieces and a respirator. At the time of trapping a rare rock on a shkir, it’s necessary to see it negainly and, if necessary, wash the shkir’s yard well under a stream of cold water. When preparing easy-to-use mastics, it is necessary to comply strictly with the rules of fire safety: tidy up all the flames, do not smoke and do not turn on the electric heaters.

Under an hour of work with hot bituminous mastic, they should put on heavy overalls, canvas mittens, and also put on eyepieces.

When it comes to safety technology when working with bituminous materials, then there are some basic rules:

- it is impossible to allow spinning and splashing of bitumen;

- boil the bitumen only in clear dry weather (water, which you drank in the bitumen, for example, wood, you can drink the wicked pini, and also slept);

- dress appropriately in suits made of thin fabric and obov'yazkovo mother mittens;

- pratsyuvati bіlya digester more often twice, so that in times of unfortunate mothers the ability to give one help to one;

- cebra and other capacities for transferring to bitumen after completion of the work must be cleaned, not allowing the settling of the bitumen that has been caught (sound to be afraid of vipaluvannyam).

Lay the tiles next to the gum mittens with chemically resistant coatings: with vikoristanni cement difference mittens to forget the rose of the shkir, with victorious chemical speeches - they vryatuyut in the opikiv.

When using light-weight mastics and glues, like when they are prepared, it is necessary to follow the rules of fire safety strictly.

Containers with easy-to-prepare mastics and adhesives cannot be broken with metal tools to destroy the establishment. Apply an easy-to-use mastic on the tile with a plastic or wooden spatula, and the mastics, which have thickened, are hindered by warming up on hot fire or electric stoves.

The main cause of injuries in the course of earthworks is soil collapse due to insufficient strength of the reinforcement of the walls of trenches or pits, as well as due to improper selection of the reinforcement of the walls. Such deboning can be the case when frozen soils are exposed.

There are two ways to save the collapse of the soil and ensure its stability:

1. Ulashtuvanni kosіv staging krіplen.

2. Choose the height of the vertical ledge.

The presence of fences near the pits and trenches, as well as lighting during the current dark days, can cause unfortunate fluctuations.

Poshkodzhennya with tools and machines of various laying at the ґruntі communications, for example, an electric cable, also lead to injuries. In addition, with earthen robots, grenades, bombs, mines can be shaken, which did not explode.

As a matter of fact, communication was revealed in the soil, or vibro-unsafe objects, next negainoly earthlings robots. Budіvelnі maidanchiki in the districts, at the beginning of the hour of Another light war, battles took place, followed by the minoshukachs in front of them.

Before the cob, it is necessary to reconsider the presence of underground communications, in order to get home from the leading organizations about the timing of their transfer.

Earthlings robots vibrate manually and mechanically. Excavations and trenches can be made from savings for the soil cut and cut with vertical walls, with top or partial reinforcement of the wall and without reinforcement.

Strengthening of mowing in pits and trenches with weak soils, with sheet piling, with dry and watery soils - sucilne, inventory metal or wooden shields with screw rosettes, with dry and dry soils - doska with gaps between them. In any case, the reinforcement may hang over the logs by 20 cm.

In soils of natural moisture due to the presence of ground waters and rotting nearby underground utilities, excavate from vertical walls without fixing on the stepping deep:

- no more than 1 m in dense woods and gravel soils;

- 1.25 m at the supischanih soils;

- 1.5 m in loamy and clayey soils;

- 2 m in deep soils.

In deep clay soils of pits, from saving vertical walls, excavate behind the help of rotary and trench excavators to a depth of no more than 3 m. In this case, the descent of people from the trench is not allowed. At times, it is necessary to carry out work in trenches to mowing mowing.

Through the trenches, fences are laid on both sides of the transitional spaces, at night they are lined with shoes.

More than half of all works from insulation structures are made from hot bituminous mastics. Opkiki with bitumen is the most characteristic injury in case of underestimation of the simplest rules of safety technology. In order to avoid unfortunate fluctuations when working with hot bitumen, we should follow the basics of safety technology.

Boilers for cooking bitumen are installed under a fire overhanging on specially shaped, reinforced in other materials in maidanchiks on a height of at least 50 m from wooden buds. To prevent the possibility of falling molten bitumen near the fire, the boiler is not installed strictly horizontally, but with a small chink near the top of the furnace.

The boiler is responsible for a box with dry squeak and a fire extinguisher, which is used for extinguishing bitumen in case of various fires. The cauldron is obov'yazkovo can be buti covered with a lid.

To extinguish the fire in the boiler, you can also vicorate other sipuchi insulation materials: powdered asbestos, azbozurite, mineral wool

When varying bituminous oils, follow the rules for safe mixing of bitumen in different grades. After laying in the pot and melting the bitumen of grade 3 and fixing the stump, it is possible to add bitumen of higher grades - 4, 5. At the hot melted mass, it is not possible to add bitumen of grade 3, but stones can be brought to the great melting and overflow from the boiler. The capacity may be filled with bitumen less than 3/4 of its volume.

When varіnі kam'yanovіlnyh mastics dіє the rule of warehouses, similar to the rules of zmіshuvannya bituminous masses. On the other hand, add rare components, for example, resin, after which you can add solid warehouses. The boiler reminds me less than 1/2 yogo obsyagu.

Bitumen bits are lowered near the boiler along the frail chutes, so that the spraying is hidden. Bituminous mastics are heated up to a temperature of 200 °C, stone coal - up to 150 °C. The fire under the boiler can be calmed, so that the mass did not boil much. Pieces of stone coal pitch should be lowered at the boiler more carefully, so that the breeze will disappear, as they can cause important opiki. When the water gets into the cauldron, it gurgles and spins and pours the masi over the edge of the boiler.

Dripping masi from the boiler with zebras is not allowed, shards can be brought to opik. Transfer hot mastics in conical tanks filled to 3/4 volume. The lids of the tanks should be periodically cleaned when the mastic is caught in them.

We reached the mastics on the wakeful Maidanchik, you can play at the bath with an electric heater. Podіgіv mastic on vіdkritomu fire near the mіsts robіt zaboronyaєєtsya.

For zakhistu vіd unsafe infusions zastosovuyut overalls, spetszuttya that іn. save yourself. For the protection of the eyes of vicarist, eyepieces of different recognition of open and closed types are used: with a dart net, with a silicate slope, organic with a slope, which does not shine. In order to avoid sweating, they rub them with a special olive or with a thin ball of glycerin milk.

For the protection of the organs of the respiratory system, special anti-pilo respirators are used, for the protection of the organs of hearing, anti-noise headphones.

For the protection of the priests, the shkiri are zastosovuyutsya special pastes and ointments. Apply Їх slid with a thin ball on the skin. Zmivat following the water with the sweet.