An armchair for an electric supply of a living house. Technіchnі umovi elektroprostachannya office. Yaka vartist design of the electric supply of a private residential house

The optimal option for bringing the object to the electric power supply is necessary to choose the next step at the stage of removing the technical specifications for the electric supply. Electricity supply call.. Situation plan.. Power line (PL) 0.4 kV.. Cable line (CL).. Subscriber service. maximum voltage RN113. Grounding system TN-C-S.overvoltage.. SPD.

Vihіdnі documents for the design of the new electrical supply

The main document, on the basis of which to connect the object to the electric lines, is the technical mind (TU) for the connection. To that first, if the owner of the object can be transferred, then the otrimannya TU. On a stand which document the project of electricity supply is being developed.
Power lines (PL) with a voltage of 0.4 kV are practically wired in the skin locality, where such lines are eaten by cottages and low-surface private booths As a rule, these lines are equipped with air ducts and in the form of supports of these lines there will be a scheme of outdoor electricity supply for residential booths.

Dovzhina vіdgaluzhennya vіd redundant lines before the introduction to budіvlyu may be no more than 25 meters. For a larger stand, an additional support is installed. When it is shed between submarines, that supplementary support can not be beaten insulated with a dart, but in the case of the remaining support, before the introduction into the booths, the insulation of wires is installed. If the object is known to be on a significant line in the past, there have been repeated lines, in technical minds, the link of such a line can be transferred to the rahunok of the sackcloth. Vidpovidno up to TU, but the project of PL 0.4 kV is to blame, without some kind of connection to the electric power supply it is impossible, the shards of the project were transferred by official rules.
And here the designer will need one more document - a situational plan for a 0.4 kV substation living quarters. The situational plan is the topographical plan of the masses, de-planning life, vikonaniya at a scale of 1:500 and 1:1000.
Vykonuetsya on the basis of projects planned for the area, as well as for the materials of engineering and geodetic surveys.
On the situational plan, all essential ground and underground objects (buddies, roads, lines of submarines, lines of communication, cable lines, lines of water supply and sewerage, gas pipelines), vertical signs of the relief, as well as designations on the sides are designated vitriv.

In this order, for the design of a new electrical supply, such external documents are necessary:
- technical mind (TU) for the arrival to the electric lines;
- technical mind on the organization of appearance (may be obtained from the technical specifications for admission);
- situational plan (with the designation of the supports, which are connected to the connection);
- the plan of the booth itself (from the appointed place of the installation of the entrance annex)

Povіtryana chi cable line?

It is necessary to indicate that, regardless of the simplicity, I will add repeated lines, do not stop them best option. Especially if there is a question about the electrical supply of objects, rotting at the boundaries of the place. In the first place, improve the power lines in the city's minds to serve better, to that it is necessary to secure access roads for special vehicles, and the price is due to the need to remove low municipal permits. Most often, it is possible to build on the installation of supports near the settlement. Repeated lines are also programmed to cable lines at the top. Yakscho project cable lines and stepping on the laying of the vikonanі correctly, then pouring dovkilla on the line zvoditsya nanivets, just like the submarines are constantly aware of temperature drops and wind pressure. As a result of these inflows, it can become cold, unacceptably sagging and, as a result, shaving the wires of the red line. In addition, I can repeat the line, you can hit a bliss, which you need to insure when designing submarines.

Іsnuє a number of borders in the design of cable lines (CL).
Zokrema, about the cables that are laid under the ground, security zone, robots in any way are regulated by the rules of protection electrical tethers. By stretching the cable lines, the cable line can be protected from mechanical failures. When laying cable lines in the minds of men, they are normalized up to the prozhdzhoy part (1 m), to the nearest bud (0.6 m) thinly. Vzagali, if there is a problem of electric power supply at the boundary of the place, then the main problems will be solved. Lay the cable over the territory - it is necessary to wait with the master of the earth, rework the otherkomunіkatsії - owe it to the clerks of communications, cross the road - it is necessary to please the place of the cross over thinly. In the process of uzgodzhennya, the initial version of the project may be changed (and sometimes it is true).

Basic rules for the installation of cable lines are being established PUE view. 7 goal. 2.3. When laying cables near the ground, the next keruvatisya normative document series A5-92(Laying cables up to 35 kV in trenches).

Otrimanya technical minds

Lively different possible options coming to the electric lines, choose the most economical and simplest solution. It is necessary to indicate that the optimal option for bringing the object to the electric power line is necessary to choose a distant leg, at the stage of removing the technical specifications for the electric supply. For which to be carried out in advance, based on the measures taken, and for their results, a decision is taken. You can read more about the preparation of an application for the withdrawal of technical specifications at the article .
Zagalnaya vymogoya when the booth is connected to the existing electric lines, the staff of the electric post-stall organization is trained. At the dealership, the slow vikonu transfers the technical minds robotically independently.

Let's take a look at the project of a state-of-the-art electrical supply of a residential house in the main substation of 0.4 kV (subscriber electricity supply). The subscriber's service is called the line of the line in the support of the main submarine before the introduction to the booth. For іsnuyuchimi norms vіdgaluzhennya vvazhєtsya part of the PL.

How do subscriber services work?

Most often, up to low-surface private houses, they are vibrated with two wires - phase and zero (single-phase input). Ridshe - chotirma with wires ( triphasic introduction). In other words, the need for a three-wire vent (two-phase introduction) is two-phase droti and one zero (for example, introduction at two-apartment houses). With whom zero wire zagalny, phasnі darts obov'yazkovo raznі.

For introduction into the booths, the fittings and rods CIP 4 or CIP 5 with cores of the same cut 16 mm2 are sounded. Vikoristannya aluminum wires a smaller cut was fenced with PUE (clause 2.4.14). Width of the main overhead line (wound with a SIP cable) is installed behind the help of one-sided piercing clasps. When vikoristanny such zatiskachi lived SIPU did not require stripping (insulation to be pierced), but the zasily zatushka was regulated by a hexagonal visual head.
Wiring to substation with non-insulated wires (type AC) is required for additional special wiring clamps for connecting CIP to bare wires. On the water to old wall at home, the SIP cable is fastened behind the standard kit, which is assembled from the anchor bracket.

Before supplying the choice of wires and fittings SIP

For example, in the nineties, there were more than a few designers of 0.4 kV submarines in electrical installations, and in design organizations there were few catalogs of wires and fittings CIP, or even less than European manufacturers. They stink and delivered their products to Russian market- There were simply no others.
Responding to the market demand, Russian cable factories have quickly mastered the production of SIP wires and fittings for their installation, and in stay rocky drink on all products step by step smishchuetsya on melancholy Russian vineyards. Our products successfully compete with leading European brands. ENSTO, NILED, TYCO zavdyaki optimal spіvvіdnoshnyu akіst / tsіna. For example, trade marks IECі HUBIX SARATOV in line with the European standard, but apparently in line with the import analogues at the lowest price.
On company website HUBIX SARATOV You will also know the tables for the selection of linear fittings for the installation of SIP-4 and SIP-5.

Characteristics of the object:

Zhitlovy budinok from the attic with an open area of ​​​​250m2, rotting at the mud of the plot. In the foreground is a row of garage door openers. The closest support of the 0.4 kV overhead line with uninsulated wires was installed behind the fence of the plot on the 13m side of the garage. It is planned to install the entrance closet with a knot on the exteriorgarage wall at a height of 1.7 m from the ground.

The assessment will become the main substation 0.4 kV

The assessment will become a measure, as it was appointed, to fight at the stage of taming the TU and it is necessary for us to make the right design decisions. The main results of the 0.4 kV main substation supply:
- installed concrete supports with bare drotom AC 4x50 mm²;
- The line is serviced;
- On the line there is a repeated zero grounding.

The main substation of 0.4 kV is not new (for newly energized insulation lines, CIP has already become the standard), but concrete supports mean to serve a long time. Under the hour of the grounding of the supports on some of them, the PEN conductor was re-grounded. On the path of the passage of submarines near the crowns of trees, a passage for darts was crushed. It's not worth talking about those who serve the line and change from the indecent station.
The assessment will become more important when it comes to design decisions. Information, otzhe, ozbroєniy. We knew that the PL was in a good place. Nothing cares about the work of re-entering the booths, and on the introduction - re-grounding the PEN conductor PUE (clause 1.7.102).

Why do you need to re-ground PEN conductor

Valid until PUE repeat lines (introduction) may be protected from lightning surges. Here, on the right, we can see short (≤ 100 µs) and hard (up to 25 kA) overvoltage pulses. To reduce the amplitude of the lightning impulse to the minimum value, it is necessary to add an extension to the protection against impulse overvoltage (UZIP) class I, which are installed on the repeated inputs to the booths are regulated clause 7.1.22 PUE.

UZIP are connected between the phase and GZSH of the introductory outbuilding, as it is the fault of the buti connected to the grounding outbuilding. PEN conductor CIP 4 also comes to GZSH. Valid until clause 2.4.47 PUE grounding attachment zakhistu vіdlightning surges, we may have the right to re-ground the PEN conductor.

Required to respect what for by-button technology, installed in the booth, equal to the protection of class I (Up ≤ 4 kV) is not enough, then another protection zone is seen in the booth, and at the boundary of 1 - 2 zones, an SPD of class II is installed. The wine is mounted at the internal rose shield, or at the special shield, instructed from it. Installation of such SPDs can be safe near zone 2rіven zakhistu Up ≤ 2.5 kV. For the correct drafting of the spratsovuvannya between the outbuildings of different classes, you can but stand on a live cable of at least 10 meters.

They gave us the need to organize a TN-C-S grounding system and introduce it into the booth zahisny guide RE, shards internal meshes we have trips. Podіl REN to zero working N and zahisny РЄ conductors are connected to the GZSH, as they come to the ground loop.
Vimoga TU about the installation of a university appearance in entrance building so don't leave us another option re-grounding REN-conductor, oskіlki podіl REN is guilty of buti vikonaniya to priladіv form of electricity.

In this manner, it is necessary to practice re-grounding the PEN-conductor at the entrance to the booths, allowing shards encourage the TN-C-S system, as a safety for other grounding systems.

It is not possible to switch off from the view that the ability to shave (shave) zero on the line. Tse can be seen on old submarines. In this case, re-grounding the PEN to the upper ground loop ensures the protection of the electrical supply and increases the supply of the electrical supply. At the same time, our re-grounding can become a working zero for other calming lines, which can lead to overheating. Extending the resection of the PEN conductor to the resection of the main line eliminates the problem, but it is not possible to continue.
It is necessary to work in all situations - to remove the grounding of the PEN conductor from the grounding extension of the wake-up call, so that the shield does not have any non-control conductor, which calls the grounding attachment from the dead-earthed dzherel zhivlennya.

Zakhist in the form of unacceptable voltage spikes

Vіdpovіdno to recommendations PUE (clause 7.1.21) at the inputs at the living room, install a relay of maximum voltage (PH) for the protection of devices and inadmissible voltage surges in the measure of overvoltage, which is to blame when shaving the PEN conductor.
The installation of the maximum voltage relay does not disable, but only supplements the re-grounding of the PEN-conductor for safety reasons. Do not forget that the voltage is unacceptable (more than 10%), not obov'yazkovo po'yazanі with accidents in the railings (for example, the voltage drop through the lack of tension of the transformer, the inclusion of strainedzvaryuvalnyh devices, transitional switching overvoltage and іn), also sometimes traplyayutsya and can lead to exit from the fret of expensive electric power.

One-line electrical supply scheme

I will become a basic PL 0.4 kV, a single-line diagram of the electrical supply of the residential booth is being developed, as it is submitted to the application for the selection of specifications for the connection to the electric lines. Cordon of balance affiliationOperational capacity to pass through the connection point at the wine point. The one-line diagram also shows the UZIP (FV) and contacts of the maximum voltage relay (PH).
You can read more about the single-line electrical supply circuit Rice. one .







Fig.1

Electrical diagram of the introductory building

On the basis of a single-line circuit, an electrical circuit is constructed based on the principle of an introductory building. The electrical diagram of the introductory building is shown on Rice. 2. Let's take a look at the report.
Here I connected the PEN-conductor to the zero working N and the zero-based PE is connected to the main bus, which is grounded (GZSH). Yak GZSH vikoristovuєtsya bus PE introductory annex - a wine point in the form of electricity.
After the change of the voltage between the phases and the GZSH, a single-phase UZIP of class 1 (discharger) was connected by the Hakel Ros company. UZIPi class 1 are installed in the zone of blisskavkozakhistu and are designated for the protection of power supply systems up to 1000 V with repeated inputs of electric power in the form of impulse surges, such as:
direct blows of the bliskavka (PUM) at the system of the bliskavkozakhistu of the object, or I will repeat the line at the non-intermediate proximity before entering the object;
hit bliskavki in a radius up to a few kilometers near the objects and input communications.
Zastosovaniya UZIP HS50-50 RW building input іpulsi jet up to 50 kA.

The shield also has a voltage relay RN-113. It allows the protection of single-phase stresses from unacceptable voltage surges in the lane and the onset of automatic increases after the renewal of the parameters in the lane. And it also protects against the occurrence of zero on the repeated line at the time of the day.
Rice. 2
One of the most unacceptable accidents at the borders is the whole urvishche, or “incredibility” of zero.
All the attention in our house is included between the phase and zero. Due to the presence of re-grounding PEN on the input, included in the line of electrical appliances from the side of zero, they are connected not to the ground, but through the PEN breaks, they are connected to other, shore electrical appliances and even through them phases, only others. To exit short circuits lance: acceptable, phase A - interruption zero - phase B. Theoretically, the voltage in the sockets can change from 0 to 418 V. Practically - by tens of volts for that chi іnshiy bіk. Deposit in order to which phase you are connected. In the non-opportunistic phase, the voltage increases like an avalanche and can exceed 300 V. As a result, the voltage is strongly stressed to be very low. It is called "phase peroxide". Between the two phases, the electric appliances of the various air conditioners are switched on. Skilki elektropriladіv ignite and such vlasnikіv tse to whom how to spare.
One of the ways to protect the electrical power from the appearance of zero is to re-ground the PEN-conductor at the input, it was more obvious.
Another way to protect the electrical setting from zero is to install a maximum voltage relay. Offending qi zakhistu can zastosovuvatisya okremo or add one to one.
Before attaching the re-grounding PEN, it is necessary to evaluate the station of the repeated line re-ground zero.

Re-earthing PEN is necessary to work at the introduced extension, installed ring, outside the residential booth.

The voltage relay RN-113 allows switching on single-phase voltage, no matter how tight.
When the voltage is higher than 7 kW (as in this project), the switching on of the heater is carried out by a two-pole contactor, in the case of the coil, the switching on of the contacts of the relay PH-113 is carried out.
If the voltage is less than 7 kW (no more than 32 amperes), the contactor is not needed, the relay is turned on and the voltage is turned on with its power contacts.
The use of a voltmeter with a three-digit digital indicator to work with an even more manual installation between the voltage relays. In the operating mode, the voltmeter indicates chinne meaning input voltage and the state of the output relay (included/deactivated).
Switches on the front panel can be used to set a few robotic relay modes:
minimum voltage relay;
maximum voltage relay;
relay of maximum and minimum voltage (turning on the voltage when the voltage is increased and reduced above the allowable one).
It is possible to set the voltage of the relay in the range of 160...280V.
The hour of automatic activation of the RN113 relay can be set in the range from 5 to 900 seconds.

About zastosuvannya UZM-51M

In connection with this topic, it is important to say a few words about the often victorious attachment of the UZM-51M.
Tsej pristry zahistu vykonu practically the same functions, shcho PH-113, but, on the vіdmіnu vіd ny, maє bolshe puzhnі silovі vіkontaktі – can switch strum up to 63А.Another feature of the UZM-51M is that in the new varistor is installed to dampen the overvoltage impulses. Output 2 in 1 - voltage relay and UZIP. Z nedolіkіv - vіdsutnіst voltmeter.
Now about zastosuvannya. The main criteria for selection I will attach zakhistu є yogo nadіynіst that bezpeka. Virobnik - MEANDR company, make reports technical description(TO) add a zakhista on your website. Try to get familiar with the UZM-51M. W technical characteristics we are ticked by these parameters, which can be used for the safety of electric lines:
- maximum streak of glancing (single impulse 8/20 µs) – 10 kA;
- maximum streak of clay (repeated impulses 8/20 µs) – 8 kA.
This is the maximum strum impulse, which can pass a varistor through itself and be lost from the process station.
For thunderstorm discharges, impulses are characteristic, which are repeated.

AT zamіskih booths The value of the struma for the category of bliskavka is taken equal to 100 kA. Looking out for the best option power cables. With a direct blow to the reverse line, the strum is approximately in equal parts straight to the dzherel (TP) and to the house. In this rank, if in the submarine or bliskavkopriymach having hit a discharge of 100 kA, then 50 kA will pass through the wires to enter the booth, spreading out for a number of inputs. So, with two inlet darts on the skin, you can take a strum 25 kA.
Already realized that the installation of the UZM-51M on objects with repeated inputs may be necessary for the supply of water, or for additional protection.Virobnik doesn’t say anything about me. The only riddle at TO with a drive is recognized as an attachment - “at the apartment, office and in.”Tobto, without any obmezheniya UZM-51M can be stuck on the objectsto some kind of electricity supply by underground cables.
At private booths, cottages, dachas, it is more important to have the power to repeat the input.
It doesn't matter what it will be like to trap a direct blow of a bright light in the middle proximity to the repeated introduction (Iimp = 25 kA). The injection of strained impulses of overvoltage can lead to thermal breakdown of the varistor and exit from the fret of the USM. Tse in the shortest time, and perhaps even to more serious consequences. To go out, if the varistor itself needs to be protected - put an SPD of class I in front of it (on the input).be surrounded by a UZM varistor to the minimum level.

Robimo wisnovki:

- UZM-51M is not intended for vikoristannya in electrical installations with repeated introduction of electricity without additional protection.
- As soon as you win the UZM-51M, always, regardless of the thunderstorm activity in the region, install the calls on the repeated input in switchgear UZIP class I or valve arrester RVN-250.

Maintenance plan for 0.4 kV substation

Maintenance plan for 0.4 kV substation submissions toRice. 5. Zovnіshnі elektroprostachannya zhitlovogo booth, which is being designed, is transferred to the main line of 0.38 kV, which will pass 13 meters from the booth. Vіdgaluzhennya vіd PL 0.38 kV up to living house vikonano self-supporting insulated dart SIP-4 2x16.

The project is being transferred to:
- Installation on the outer wall of the garage of the wine point;
- installation of the SIP-4 dart from support No. 58 to the shield;
- laying the cable VVGng 3x10 from the shield to the slatted shield SHRN.
Wiring of non-insulated AC wires (phase and zero) and fastening of SIP-4 2x16 wire on the garage facade is carried out for additional fittings of the HUBIX SARATOV company. Peretin drotu CIP was selected for mechanical engineering, validly up to PUE (clause 2.4.14). The SIP-4 cable is wound into a shield in the form of electricity at the corrugated pipe. From the shield to the rozpodіlny shield ShchRN electricity is laid by cable VVNng 3x10 at the corrugated pipe. The cable line is protected by an automatic switch BA47-100 D50.

Rice. 5
The shape of electricity

The appearance of electric power is installed at the wine point of the type SHU1-50A with a single-phase electronic switch of the 1st accuracy class CEA11M or others, at some lower working temperature range not less than - 40 ° C.
At the wine point, there are also installed an introductory voltage switch, a surge protector (UZIP), a maximum voltage relay (PH), zero operating tires N and PE conductors. And alsoautomatic line vimikachi.
The indications of the lichnik of electricity are read through the end at the doors, the doors of the cabinet are sealed.
Step up to IP54.

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For the sake of simplicity, the armchair and yoga sprinyattya zastosovuyutsya different methods. Often a one-line scheme of electric supply of a living house, or a private house, is used, which helps to expand the development and understanding of folding projects.

What is a single-line diagram

The main feature of a single-line diagram is those that principle diagram folded over the same line of recognition of a triphasic or biphasic lance. Such a pidhіd allows you to secure more docile vikoristannya technical documentation. Tobto. in one technical project it is possible to place a sprig of different armchairs, as they are not tied one to one.

Photo - one-line diagram

Use two types of such schemes:

1. Rozrakhunkov;
2. Vikonavcha.

Rozrakhunkov single-line diagram the application is more important than vikoristovuetsya after the ready-made prorakhunka navantage, necessary for the life of the okremo budіvl. Sometimes they are designed after the fact that the need for wires and cables is insured.

Vikonavcha principle single-line diagram vikoristovuєtsya for pererakhunku orderly system of supply of energy. With more changes, it is necessary to make serious changes to the project, which is already being installed.

Photo - one-line diagram of the substation

Video: robotic butt with electric supply circuit

How to vikonate a single-line diagram

Electrical single-line diagram of the electrical supply of an apartment, a booth, a private enterprise is based on GOST 2.702-75. Vіdpovіdno up to the norms, you can see the image of 3 phases, scho to live the line of a particular target and the lines of the group line, like they come out of the lively ones. With this scheme, it is not necessary to report details, the main thing is to give a statement about the central design of the electrical supply system.

Principal diagram of the substation

The very beginning of such submission of information, as a result, it is necessary to complete a simple chair, which clearly conveys the main parameters of life. A lot of electricians-pochatkivtsiv can be doubtful about the effectiveness of such armchairs, even though it is unreasonable, as if they were three-phase or two-phase eating.

Everything is simpler: white lines, as a sign of a rich phase of eating, put a number and a crossed stroke, like in the photo below. The figure in such a scheme is indicative of the number of phases, and is crossed with oblique crosses, the line - the designation of the phase.

Krіm vіdobrazhennya okremіh drotіv, it's also important to depict on the armchair additional details. electrical circuits. To know the ELV of the apartment, contactors, vimics and other additional elements, you also need to know GOST 2.709, which is what you expect from the PDF, and in the same text. Whom all the documents are required to accept options for armchairs of similar elements.

Look at example of a single-line diagram of an apartment(it is also possible to vicorist for an electric supply booth):

Photo - an example of a single-line diagram

For the defense of group lines hot lancer application in the form of electric zamikannya, vikoristovuyutsya automatically vimikachi. Їх, at your seat, on the armchairs "to insure" extensions of superstructures. It is necessary to turn on the obov'yazkovo scheme as the main warehouses (cable entry, grounding, ELV), and th sockets, vimikachi light rooms.

On the armchair you can show respect for those who had no numbers crossed with oblique strokes. Natomist vikoristovuetsya vyznachennya phase for the number of strokes. For example, the diagram shows 2 strokes - that is a two-phase life, that is, 3 - a three-phase one. And if so, single-phase wiring is indicated by one line with one stroke.

Such connection miraculously demonstrates one-line diagram of transformer KTP:

Photo - one-line diagram of the transformer ktp

Apply the one what can be included one-line type scheme electricity supply to polyclinics, apartments, office workers dacha booth, the plant or other applications:

1. point, de object is connected to the electric fence;
2. All ASPs (input-rozpodіlnі outbuildings);
3. I’ll attach a point and a mark that will be used for connection to the application (for more vipadkiv, you need also the parameters of the shield);
4. It is necessary not only to cross the cable of life, but also to designate the mark on the scheme, and to designate the denomination;
5. The project is responsible for collecting data on the nominal and maximum stream of possession that wins on the object.

It is even more important to draw up approximately rozrahunkovі navantazhennya, yakі can become the maximum for the singing of electricity in your village, town. The rules of vikonannya can be changed in the fallow period to a specific destination.

It is your responsibility to give due respect to any kind of fireworks, even if the main contributions to the project are the responsibility of the company that takes care of the electricity. The most single-line scheme of electrical supply for supply, house, workshop is the main document zgіdno s GOST, which is valid for the operational viability of the various parties. It is especially necessary for connecting to the local network of a booth with an ATS:

Photo - booth from avr

To seamlessly develop a single-line electrical supply circuit child bet, private budіvel (garages, budinkov, apartments, kiosks), richly overhead living budіvl, plant (SNT), rotational wagons, you need ЄSKD. ESKD - tse single system design documentation.

At home, a single-line diagram of the electric supply can be chaired manually, or for the assistance of AutoCAD (chair). This software will help to develop a project for any object (office, shopping pavilion, substation, school, shop, cottage, NPS) and comfort.

As a template, it is represented by a single-line diagram of ZRU-10 kV, before speech, for the analogy, the DBZh ABBM circuit is developed:

Photo - one-line diagram ZRU 10 kW

For the development of the scheme for the help of specialists, you will need to return to the design bureau of your place. Install them in Bilgorod, Moscow, St. Petersburg and other great and middle settlements.

Hello, dear readers and guests of the site "Notatki electrician".

In my previous articles, I repeatedly said that electrical installation robots it is necessary to follow the project.

The project has a plan of living arrangements, vykonano rozrahunok navantazhen, selected grades and lengths of cables in the fallows of the minds of their laying, selected electrical supply ( rose shields, entry and group automation, PZV, difavtomati, fit the shape of electricity, electrical installations, lighting equipment, etc.), a single-line electrical supply scheme, as well as wiring diagrams for power lines and lighting lines, has been assembled.

In this article, I present to your respect the buttstock for the project of electrical supply to the office, stuffed into a living house. This project can be taken as a basis for the project of electric supply of an apartment or a private booth, simply changing it to suit your needs. Before speech, on my site already there is a similar article about - you can familiarize yourself with it.

The project of electrical wiring for the office of vicons on the basis of technical minds (TU) for the design and support of environmental, sanitary and hygienic, similar to those other standards that are on the territory. Russian Federation and it will ensure the safety of life and health of people in the operation of the object for the completion of the projects.

Oh, let's do it in order.

Technical mind for electricity supply office

After the application for technologically advanced Vіd VAT "Regional merging company» it was taken from the technical mind (TU). From the procedure for acquiring technical minds (TU) You can read the report at.

Plan of lifeline and installation of grounding

The office is on the first version. Electricity is supplied to the office from the VRU-0.38 (kV) residential booth through the installed order VRU-0.38 (kV) for non-residential premises (SHR-11).

ШР-11 - Cemetal floor hood of an outdoor installation with dimensions 500x1600x350 (mm). The choice of this project is based on the IEK, but it can also be replaced by a similar one to other selections with excellent technical characteristics.

Designed VRU-0.38 (kV) non-living room (SHR-11) installed in the basement and powered by a cable brand AVVG (4x35) with cable lugs in the main VRU-0.38 (kV) residential house. Dovzhina tsієї kabelnoї linії become 5 (m).

Bill PRU-0.38 (kV) of non-residential premises (ShR-11) installed the grounding outbuilding at the foreground.

As a vertical grounding conductor, steel round shears with a diameter of 16 (mm) and a length of 1 (m) are used. Z'dnannya of vertical grounding (tops of a tricutnik) between themselves are built by horizontal grounding machines, which are made of steel smuga with a size of 4x40 (mm) of a windrower 1 (m).

Horizontal grounding buried at the ground by 0.8 (m). Usy z'ednannya vykonanі zvaryuvannyam, and zvarnі suvi obroblenі bitumen.

Vymiryany opir of the grounding outbuilding having become 1.9 (Ohm), which satisfies the minds of the project (no more than 10 Ohm). Zamir support I timid for help.

Z'ednannya of the grounding outbuilding with vikonano vіdkryto steel smuga 4x40 (mm) on the vіdstanі 0.4 (m) vіd vіvnya pіdlogi. Peretin of steel smuga with a vikonano partition in steel pipe T50.

Also, in VRU-0.38 (kV) non-living places were vikonano, tobto. vikonano transition from the TN-C earthing system to TN-C-S.

Type of projected VRU-0.38 (kV) non-residential premises (SHR-11) laid along the basement input cable brand VVGNG (3x10) to VRU-0.22 (kV) office.

Yak bachite, cutting the introductory cable of a few dependencies, tk. for 7 (kW) tension, it was enough to block the cable (3x4) or (3x6) - div. Ale, maybe it was smashed with a method of further reduction of tightness, which is seen for the office.

Zagalny plan of the yard of the pіdval.

Dovzhina introductory cable VVGng (3x10) to become 45 (m). Lines of laying on the bottom of the PVC-corrugated pipe on line 2 (m) according to the line of the log. PVC corrugation is fastened to the walls and stele behind the help of plastic clips or metal staples.

Such a way of strengthening is appropriate for me - to go out to do it quickly, nadily and looking entirely aesthetically pleasing. See for yourself, especially if a number of parallel cables have been laid.

Near the basement there are anonymous pipes of various communications and engineering measures.

At the link with cim, when laying the cable, it is necessary to add such signals to the PUE (clause 2.1.56 and clause 2.1.57):

Vіdpovіdno to PUE, item 2.1.58, the cable passes through the walls, partitions and inter-overhead overlaps are installed at the T50 steel pipe with a wall thickness not less than 3.2 (mm).

From the top of the entrance cable VVGng (3x10) through the inter-overhead overlap in the metal pipe, it is lifted 1 over the office to VRU-0.22 (kV).

VRU-0.22 (kV) was installed at the site No. 7 (divided plan of the site) at location 2 (m) in line with the status.

In the office є 7 room:

1. vestibule
2. office №1
3. office №2
4. office №3
5. office №4
6. sanvuzol
7. corridor

The tables below show the area and characteristics of these applications. Yak bachite, tambour and sanvuzol can be seen up to watery applications, then. in some of them, the water content should again become over 60%, but less than 75% (PUE, clause 1.1.7.). Obviously, prior to the electrical wiring in these facilities, special assistance will be presented, which I will describe below.

Scheme of connecting the entrance shield in the office

Yak entry shield of the SCHURn-1 / 12zo.

SCHURn-1/12zo-0-36 UHL3 - price hanging oblіkovo-rozpodіlny metal shield for 12 modules with protection class IP31, with lock and vіknom, appointments for a single-phase lichilnik

This shield has the following switching devices:

• introduction of single-pole automatic vimikach VA47-29 1R 32 (A)
• single-phase (electronic one-tariff) meter of active electric power direct connection SHOE-5 / 60-1-110, 5-60 (A) s
• differential automatic machine AD-12 2P 16 (A), 30 (mA) - 2 pcs.
• single-pole automatic vimikach VA47-29 1P 16(A) - 2 pcs.
• single-pole automatic vimikach VA47-29 1P 10(A) - 2 pcs.
• zero bus N
• earthing rail PE ("ground")

One-line principle diagram of the entrance shield (to enlarge the diagram, press on it):

Phase L of the input cable VVGng (3x10) through a single-pole introductory machine VA47-29 with nominal strum 32 (A) SHOE-5 / 60-1-110 direct inclusion. There, it is connected to zero N. The zero phase goes to the separate (group) automatics, and zero N - to the zero bus N. The zero conductor PE is connected directly to the ground bus PE.

The scheme of the entrance shield is composed of 6 group lines:

1. socket outlets No. 3-5 (gr. 1)
2. socket outlets No. 2, 3 (gr. 2)
3. lighting room No. 1, 2 and outdoor lighting (column 3)
4. lighting room No. 3-7 (column 4)
5. thermal curtain (column 5)
6. air conditioner (gr. 6)

Group lines of electrical wiring are wired three-core cables VVGng (3x1.5) and VVGng (3x2.5). The skin group is protected by its automaton and difavtomat from the main characteristics of fallow in terms of tightness of tension.

The axis of the table is from the rozrahunkom navantagen spozhivachiv. Rozrahunkov's vanity was accepted by those who are in possession of what is being designed.

The coefficient of the power supply of the captures is 0.8, and the lightening is 1. The average cosine of all spozhivachіv becoming cosφ=0.87.

As a result, it turned out that the pressure of the office was set to 5 (kW). After the recovery of the coeficients of the rozrahunkov’s potency, the exhaustion was 4.28 (kW). It doesn't matter to loosen up the sumarny rosrachunkovy strum with the adjustment of the averaged cosφ=0.87. Wiishlo 22.38(A). Retin of the introductory cable VVGng to become 10 sq. mm, tobto. dovgotrivaliy strum of the energizing cable to become 55 (A).

I have specially made a table for the clarity of the choice of cross-sections of darts and cables. How to make up with this table, I reported it.

As a device to protect the live cable, an automatic switch BA47-29 with a nominal stream of 32 (A) with a characteristic C is installed. .

Such revisions must be carried out obov'yazkovo, tk. skin automatic wimikach maє “smart strum not switched on”, tobto. for our butt for an hour-strom characteristic C (using the article about VTX, I indicated three times higher) with a stream of 1.13 In \u003d 1.13 32 \u003d 36.16 (A) the machine does not turn on.

It’s also understandable, like the “smart strum turned on” of the machine, tobto. for ours, with a stream of 1.45 In \u003d 1.45 32 \u003d 46.4 (A), the machine from the cold mill is turned on with a draw of about 60 strands (1 year). A trial-permissible strum cable of 10 sq. mm becomes 55 (A) and we are not afraid of such situations.

And the yakbi entry cable is not 10 sq. mm, but 4 sq. mm (which is allowed for this project), then at the time of the winknennya rewiring in 47 (A) through the cable for a year, passing through the bi strum, which is a significant world, having changed bi yogo trivalium strum (35 A) - the cable, when the bi is strongly heated, melts, which could lead to fire or short chirp, The result is an introductory cable, whether it be developed or not.

• 1.5 sq. mm - install the machine at 10 (A)
• 2.5 sq. mm - install the machine at 16 (A)
• 4 sq. mm - install the automatic machine on 20 (A) or 25 (A)
• 6 sq. mm - install automatic machine 25 (A)
• 10 sq. mm - install the machine on 32 (A) or 40 (A)

Spodіvayus, explaining available.

Let's look at the rise in tension and the struma of the life-giving line on the air conditioner. Rosrakhunkov’s pressure of the air conditioner is 0.8 (kW), and rosrakhun’s strum with adjustment cosφ = 0.87 is close to 4.18 (A). Peretin to the cable of the air conditioning unit VVGng (3x2.5), tobto. іz garnimu stock. Trivally acceptable strum cable (3x2.5) to become 25 (A), before speech, it is ordered to wind three more - 30 (A) in the project. As a device for zakhistu, an automatic vimikach BA47-29 with a nominal stream 16 (A) was installed.

For the obviousness of the electricity supply project, you will supply the entire required material for assembly robots. I will give you a little more basic material on the topic of choosing and supplying electrical equipment:

Installation of a system for the improvement of potentials

Dekilka sliv hotiv bi to tell about those, as vikonana system zrivnyuvannya potencialiv in the office.

Vіdpovіdno to PUE, item 7.1.87, pіd hour of transmission of electrical energy, for the provision of additional electrical safety, it is necessary to install an additional system of potential monitoring (DSUP). Particularly worthwhile is the application of promoted by unsafe, then. our vipadka has tse sanvuzol.

At the bathroom, a steel broaching box for potential verification (KUP) U-994 with a terminal block is installed. This terminal is connected to the PE bus of the entrance shield for help honey dart peretina 6 sq. mm. And then the grounding of the advancing metal structures began to struggle:

• miyki
• pipes of cold water supply (CWS)
• pipes for hot water supply (HWP)

You can learn more about the report on the development of the system for improving the potentials.

Wiring diagrams

Installation schemes for the project are divided into two armchairs. On the first armchair there is a wiring diagram of the electrical wiring of the power unit, and on the other - less illuminating.

The wiring diagram shows:

• paths for laying all cable lines
• place of installation of all rose boxes
• place of installation of all sockets and vimikachiv
• place of installation of lamps and other electrical equipment (air conditioner, heat curtain)

I am sure that you are allowed to see all the boxes that are allowed.

Z'ednannya lived wires of rosette (power) lines, I especially see the line, and the line of lighting - for help. Soldering, I'm using unikati.

wiring diagram power wiring office:

Cables to sockets, air conditioners and heating systems are laid in PVC. corrugated pipes with a diameter of 20 (mm) behind a suspended stele and behind sheets of drywall. The passage of cables through the walls and partitions is installed at the steel pipe T25.

This project has received electricity supply to the office hanging sockets RA16-756 type Wessen (16 A with earthing contact, for wall-mounted installation, protection class IP20). The stench is installed on the value of 0.8 (m) equal to the logs.

For information: In 2008, WESSEN moved to the warehouse of Schneider Electric.

We have installed 8 sub-sockets in the office:

• 2 sockets at office No. 1 (group 2)
• 3 sockets in office No. 2 (two sockets from group 2, and the third - from group 1)
• 1 socket at office No. 3 (group 1)
• 2 sockets at cabinet No. 4 (group 1)

All office sockets are powered by VVGng cable (3x2.5) through differential automatics AD12 16(A), 30(mA).

At the vestibule, corridors and sanitary facilities, sockets are not installed.

A thermal curtain is installed at the entrance to the office and is powered by a VVGng cable (3x2.5) automatic vimicach VA47-29 1P 16(A) - gr.5. The air conditioner is installed between cabinets No. 2 and No. 3 and powered by a VVGng cable (3x2.5) from an automatic vacuum cleaner BA47-29 1P 16 (A) - gr.6.

Installation diagram of the lighting system:

Measures of lighting with VVGng cable (3x1.5) and protected by automatic devices VA47-29 1P 10 (A) - gr.3 and gr.4. Cables to luminaires and vimikachiv are laid in PVC - corrugated pipes with a diameter of 16 (mm) behind a suspended stele and behind sheets of drywall. The passage of cables through the walls and partitions is installed at the steel pipe T25.

Usі vimikaci vstanovlyuyuutsya on the sign 1.6 (m) equal pіdlogi.

Selection and placement of lamps in accordance with the rules of SanPin 2.2.1/2.1.1.1278 - 03.

In office No. 1, 6 bedside lamps ARS / R 418 4x18 (W) were installed in the light of the “Light Technologies” collection (d = 26 mm, G13, protection class IP20).

These luminaires are marked with a three-key switch BC0516-351-18, type Wessen (16A with indicator, for attached installation, protection class IP20). A skin key turns on two lamps in a row.

The same lamps were installed in rooms No. 2, No. 3, and No. 4 in the number of 2 pieces in the skin room. Lighting control at office No. 2 and No. 3 is controlled by a double-key switch C56-039, type Wessen (6A with indicator, for attached installation, protection class IP20).

The lighting fixtures near cabinet No. 4 are installed with a single-key switch C16-053, type Wessen (6A with an indicator, for a fixed installation, protection class IP20).

The bathroom installations have one luminaire DR/PRS 418 4x18 (W) with fluorescent tubular lamps from the "Light Technologies" brand (d=26 mm, G13, protection class IP43). Tsej lamp vіdpovіdає vimogam up to.

At the installation corridor, there is an RG 100 luminaire with a 100 (W) heating lamp, similar to the “Light Technologies” vibrator (E27 base, IP54 rating).

The control of the light at the bathroom and the corridor is installed behind the help of a double-key switch C56-039 from Wessen (6A with an indicator, for attached installation, protection class IP20).

At the vestibule of installations there is a wall-mounted lamp PSH-60 with a lighting lamp 60 (W) (base E27, class protection IP54), which is required directly from the vestibule for help one-key vimikach LEX411604 as ELSO.

For outdoor lighting at the entrance to the installation office, the PSH-60 lamp with a 60 (W) heating lamp (E27 base, protection class IP54), which is held by a vestibule for the help of a single-key vimikacha LEX411604 type ELSO.

In total, 15 sockets and 11 socket-outlets U 192 were installed in the office.

P.S. At this article, I have nav_v the butt of a typical project for an electric supply to the office, stashed into a living room. As I said on the cob of the article, you can take this project as a basis for the project of electrical wiring in an apartment or in a private booth, changing it according to your needs.Thanks for the respect.