A typical scheme for the electric supply of a dacha booth. Power supply for a private booth: a single-line diagram. Scheme of electrical supply for a private booth

More recently, the vlasniks of private houses were connected to the LEP independently. It was necessary for the controlling organization to submit an application, as well as to install a license. Today the situation has fundamentally changed. For connection to electric power, it is necessary to submit a project with a description of the methods of living all the appliances installed at the booth (boiler, column, etc.). Therefore, the package of documents required for the approval of legal documents may include one line diagram take care of the operation of the system. About those, how to fold, and about those, how to build an electric supply of a private booth competently, and let's talk further.

The project of electrification of a zam_sky booth. Three-phase chi single-phase merging?

Obviously, the first chair is the same as the scheme and go to make out the connection, it will be necessary to depend on the type of electrical supply, yogo dzherel and so on.

In private houses, like in Russian apartments, there may be a three-phase or a single-phase line. That other variant has its own shortfalls, and advantages. The back of a handful of promises can be three phases. At the rich tops, the stinks roar from apartment to apartment. When tsimu through the difference in the number of vicoristing of electrical appliances, the focus on the phase rods is often different. As a result, some people win zero wire. Do not blame a private booth for such problems, the oskilki gospodar alone, and then, to control the vanity of the hour of the phases is much simpler. However, with the wrong choice of a number of different problems - right up to the exit from the fret of electric appliances - they can be blamed and in the wrong direction. To defeat similar inaccuracies, we should use a stabilizer, which cost is not cheap. Krym tsgogo happen to purchase the possession of the elements recognized by itself for the triphasic line. What is it like to fly a penny. That's why vicorist three-phase circuit Electric supply of a private booth is possible, if there is a need for it. So in that situation, as if the installation of tight fittings is being transferred, or the possession of - verstating, electric stoves are thin.

Perevagoyu single-phase meshє vodnosna cheapness and simplicity of vikoristanni. Nedolikom - not too high tension. Such a chain of dotsіlnіshe montuvati in small living abo dacha cottages.

Autonomous power supply

One of the important minds of comfortable living in the future is the constant presence of a struma in the border. However, it is a pity, however, if the electric supply of a private booth is vibrated in the form of a main power transmission line, problems are often blamed due to interruptions in the power supply. An irreproachable way out of this situation can become an additional twist autonomous gerel eating. Before these you can see:

• DBZH. At the time of the electricity supply, the attachments begin to function automatically.
• Generator. Such possession works on gasoline, diesel and gas. It can also turn on automatically. The hour of functioning is to lie down in the kіlkostі paliva. For sufficient exhaustion, the generator can provide electricity to wind even a great house for a 3rd hour.

Yak otrimati allowed for connection

Later, from a number of phases, a variety of supplementary dzherel zherel zhilennya you were appointed. What did you give? In what order before the LEP is connected private booth? The electricity supply of the zamіsk budіvel is controlled by this lint company that we supply, in the area where there is a stink. Until її fahivtsіv and you will need to turn around, picking up the required package of documents. Їхній a retelling of the next recognition is farther away.

After the completion of documents, the merezhev company prepares tekhumov for the supply of electricity to a private booth. Shvidshe for all їх happen to be satisfied with various summіzhniy organizations. Further, the agreement is being laid down. After that, as the treadmill will be mounted, a representative will come to the place mesh organization that vikonuє її reverification for the recognition of the vimogs, the depositions of the tekhums. Looking around is carried out with the participation of all the congested parties. Dali Rostekhnaglyadom seen allowed for the operation of the facility.

Single line diagram

For the cob, let's marvel at what, vlasne, є such armchairs. One-line scheme - tse, vlasne, she herself is important, ale vikonan in the simplest form. Therefore, all main lines are both single-phase, and so are three-phase signs on the same line. Detailed details of such schemes are daily. That stench is compact and at once give a read of the notice about those who, by the very same order, are getting electricity from a private booth.

Іsnuyut deyaki rules for the folding of such schemes, we will talk about them later. Especially the stench is not disturbed, but it is necessary to know about them. Otherwise, the project will not be praised.

Meta folding and main benefits

Sadiba is an important document, behind which all assembly works are vibrated. It is necessary to put it in such a rank, so that:

• The bula was provided with the security of the electric power at the plan of the battle electric jet.
• It was guaranteed that there would be a risk of spitting fire at the booth after a short flash, melting the darts thinly.
• During the process of exploitation, the people who live in a new place have little opportunity to get used to all the necessary everyday electrical appliances without any problems.

Tse main presentation before this document vimogi.

Yakі see іsnuyut

This is a simplified diagram of the electrical supply of a private booth can be:

• Vikonavchoya. The most common option is to establish the process of operating the object. For example, in times, it is necessary to make changes to the operating system for some reason, there is a need to provide information to the energy organization. Before folding the scheme, the line at the time is simply wrapped visually.
• Rozrakhunkova. Such a scheme is formed before installing the system, for example, at a new booth, or for re-replacing the old electrical wiring. Under which all vibrate necessary rosrahunki(navantazhen, cut the cables too thinly), as well as the provision of an airborne condition (aparativ zakhistu thinly).

Folding rules (smart designation)

It has been understood that a linear scheme of electric power supply for a private house can be baptized with the necessary standards. The rest are subject to GOST 2.702-75 and date from 1988. The stench is appointed, yaki same smart designation owe vikoristovuvatisya for the presentation on the scheme of quiet chi and other elements of the electrical wiring in the house. For display three-phase connection you can stop in the following ways:

• the line is crossed with a written instruction from the introduction or the introduction of the number "3",
• the trioma is crossed with oblique risks straight line.

For the identification of accessories, shields, sockets, etc., the same symbols are used, like in any other electrical circuits (GOST 2.709).

What can be

The single-line diagram of the electrical supply of a private booth in the obligatory order must include the following elements:

• point of connection to the electric main;
• brand introductory annexі nominal strum at the connection point;
• brand of cable, yogo retin and dovzhina (with accuracy up to a meter);
• the value of the voltage at the lines;
• rozrahunkovu and actual tightness of the VRU, їх cosφ and rosrakhunkovy strum;
• brand zahisnih outbuildings that їх nominal strum;
• rozrahunkov's ambition;
• between balance power;
• different types of AVR shafi іz assigned to the mode of її work;
• vikoristovuvani attach commercial appearance and control.

Yak baptize

Obviously, you can draw a scheme on paper, cory with an olive and a line. However, our time is easier to work on a computer than a laptop. With the help of a different PZ, for the help of some kind of electrical supply scheme for a private booth, you can fold the swidko without any problems. After painting, it's just rozdrukovuetsya on the printer. For example, the program "1, 2, 3 scheme" is recognized for creating a single-line circuit of an electrical panel, and Semiolog allows you to create all the necessary labels. You can get the software security from the official site, which guarantees the daily "smite" and viruses. Installed that vikoristannya bezkoshtovnі. "1, 2, 3 scheme", moreover, allows:

• Vіdpovіdno to vimog pіdіbrati the body of the electrical panel;
• equip yoga with modular devices;
• designate the hierarchy of the connection of the rest;
• form a diagram.

The basis of the program is the actual certification of the statistics of the necessary possession.

Rozrahunok navantazhen

In this manner, with the folding of a single-line scheme of the electric supply of the booth, it will be necessary to vikonate rozrahunok navantazhen, introductory voltage, to be judged by the intensity of the possession of that about those, how to fight, and let's talk further.

Zhitlovy booth, electrical supply of which can be supplied both through a single-phase, and through three-phase mesh, zrozumilo, will be possessed by various electrical appliances. To loosen the tension on the line, then fold them tight and split them on the tension. As a result, the force of the struma is necessary. Knowing її, for special tables it is possible to determine whether the mesh is not rewired and which cable is necessary for the installation. Vikonuyuchi razrahunki, slid call for tension not only already known electrical appliances, but also planned before buying in the future.

Until deyakoї tighter by-button technology, for example, to a cleaning machine, a boiler or an electric stove, it is quicker to run an iron cable. Often I will run the highway to the office equipment. At the time of the victoria in the garage, or the lord's dispute, somehow professional knowledge As it was already guessing, the three-phase electric supply of a private booth was shutting down.

How to choose a cable for a merezha

For a single-phase connection, it is necessary to use wires with three conductors, for a three-phase connection - it is double-width, with five. When designing a project, it is important to choose a cable with a double cut (with PUE). Tsey pokaznik can be recognized for special tables, fallow in the face of struma. Calculated forward required diameter conductor. Fight for the formula d=k×I+0.005. Here k is a constant coefficient for the metal conductor. For example, for midi wines, 0.034. The letter I denotes the strength of the strum.

Sell ​​darts, vikoristovuyuchi as a system of vimiryuvannya not diameter, but perez. Otzhe, it is necessary to name yoga itself. This is the reason for the formula S=0.785×d2.

The front opening can be built, depending on the fact that the square millimeter honey dart can be 10 A, aluminum - 7 A. In practice, for sockets, sound wired in 2.5 mm 2, and for lighting 1.5 mm 2.

Idbir of the entrance building

Connecting the electric supply to a private booth is connected through the so-called VP. The stinks with metal buildings, in some selected outbuildings, are recognized for the management of electric power lines. Models, which win the function of that number, are called ASP. Install the entrance to the annex or on the stovpі or entrust from the booth.

When choosing an ASU to a private booth, the electric supply of which can be safe and uninterrupted, next to protect:

• The magnitude of the line voltage. Before zamis houses ring to supply lines 220 V.
• Struma frequency. Tse became the value of i become won 50 Hz.
• Neutral mode. So call the type of grounding. In the private sector, calls are made according to the TN-C scheme. At the same time, that zero wire is stretched in one wire. Podіl їх vykonuєtsya in the middle of the VP.
• Characteristics of a short chirp strumu. At the rozrahunka electrical circuits, ring out to be insured short chirp on three phase conductors under voltage. Calculations vary according to special formulas.
• I installed tension.

In TN-C systems at 220 V, a single-pole incoming automaton starts to sound, at 380 V - a three-pole one. At the first stage, the opening of the tightness of the introductory appendage is opened according to the formula I p \u003d P p / U f × cos f (de U f - phase voltage, Pp - rosrahun's tension, Cos f - active/reactive tension). The tightness of the inlet apparatus for the 380 mesh is known by the formula Ip=Pp/(√3xUhx cos f) (de Uh is the voltage of the mesh).

Nominal strum can be 10% more for roses. Therefore, the residual result is assigned to the formula I URAKHUVANNYAM \u003d I p × 1.1.

ATS shields

Sound a private booth and turn on this element. ATS shields are designed to provide backup housing in the event of a voltage drop in the main line. Additions to the introduction of these outbuildings can be connected to a stationary fence, as well as to a generator. Use the following types of shields:

• With the priority of the first introduction. In this case, when the voltage is detected on the main input, a switch to the backup is automatically switched on. When a struma appears, a reversal process occurs.
• No priority. Back on the main input, when a voltage appears on a new one, such attachments do not automatically switch. This procedure is carried out manually.
• Z sections. In such outbuildings, life is supplied through a system of vimics installed at the entrances. When the voltage is lost on some of them, the third vimikach begins to function, supplying the voltage for the irritant supporters from the working introduction.
• Z DDU. In which case, when the voltage is detected on both inputs, the generator is started. At the time of renewal of the main living system, the system turns at the exit camp. The electric supply of a private booth with a choice of this option will be uninterrupted at any time.

The shields of the ABP, the Crimean others, can be divided according to the vikonann. For strumu 25-160 A, hanging models are used, for 160-400 A - sub-logo. Cables are introduced and exited through a hatch at the lower part of the body. The accessories are installed in the middle cabinets on a special panel.

Basic rules for electrical wiring

Zrozumіlo, electric supply of a private booth with your own hands can be done with power necessary rules. Stosuetsya tse and such an operation, like the distribution of cables for the installation. Bezposeredno wind up through the opening at the wall. On the premises of the cable, the best pull is at the tubes, laid at the wall for the hour of everyday life. In this case, if necessary, you can easily replace any kind of wire that came to you. The skin tube can be filled with cable no more than 40% lower. To ensure easy dismantling. Also, close the conduction and install behind suspended or tension beds, vzdovzh walls, sheathed with plasterboard on frames, etc. When this is done, plastic or metal pipes are also victorious.

The interior of the private booth made of wood is supplied with electric power by a route of distribution open wiring. Cables are stretched along special channels made of plastic. The height of the position on the walls is not standardized. In one channel, it is not possible to stretch illumination, power and low-current darts at the same time. Rozpodil boxes are installed at the vіdkritіy mіstsі and vіdkritіy, i closed systems.

mustache electrical installation robots take your cob itself from the scheme. If you can read a well-thought-out scheme, then it will be easy to install electrical communications at home minds. In this article, we can discuss the power of those, how the wiring diagram is being built in a private house, and potentially recognized as an important factor.

A schematic representation of the distribution of electrical supplies and wiring is necessary in order for us to stock up on everything necessary materials for robots. As a scheme, it is possible to make a rozrobiti rozrahunka pererazu provіdnіv, їх dozhina and kіlkіst іnshih elementіv (sockets, rozpodіlnіv, vimikaіv).

To work with the introduction of electrical supply to the booths, it is necessary to obtain a special working force, with which the scheme for installing electrical wiring in a private booth is responsible for the mother knowing how the cables were introduced. Nadalі tse need.

IN modern minds and the beginnings of the development of various technologies, є the ability to conduct electricity to the two houses with optimal routes:

• for additional underground laying of cables near special insulating material;
• and povіtryanymi paths, as if standing in the booth to the support to allow tse robiti. In addition, installation of a dodatkovy stoup.

Speaking about the repeated variant of the introduction, the following is the seat, so that the conductors will come to the main transformer:

• phase (L);
• combinations of zahisny and working zero (PEN).

Important! In this rank, home obshtuvannya is safe for single-phase living.

Behind the new standards, they began to practice the installation of fitting the shape on the outer part of the booth, which is additionally due to the placement of the guard itself, and the machine gun following behind it. In similar situations, also add ELVs to the extent necessary to protect bag workers from electrical injuries.

From the opening of the building, a cable comes out, which goes up to the inner shield, and through the new one, cables are routed all over the house. For the total supremacy of the electrification of domestic minds, we should divide the measure into sprats of subsystems: for small rooms, for the kitchen, or for distant places. increased water content(sanvuzol, bath kіmnata).

To give respect, the number of automatic machines in the electric switchboard can be confirmed by the number of groups, for example, they added electric supply. For great houses, it is necessary to extend the system on the leather okremium over (if necessary, connect with the garage and gospodarsky spores).

On scho charge respect for the hour of folding the scheme?

In fact, there is no basic algorithm for folding schemes, everything that is necessary for you, must meet your needs and do not assume anything. Check the following recommendations when folding the circuits for the electrician into the booth.

1. Creating a scheme with urahuvannyam hard work and pobutovykh outbuildings, such as cleaning machine, oven, refrigerator, it is necessary to repair the installation of grounding. It is important to depict this on the diagram for clarity, vikonannya robit. There is more than one hundred of three-house conductors here.
2. Realize the prepared scheme with the most beautiful cable construction with a cut-off value of at least 2.5 sq. mm. Such rosemaries are ideal for installing sockets and lamps. Quite often vikoristovuyutsya for lighting conductors іz peretina vіd 1.5 sq. m. mm.
3. Try not to change the sockets, it is important that the total power consumption of the connected devices in one socket does not exceed 4.5 kW. Otzhe, it is necessary to fix the skin socket for the accessory.

The axis looks like a three-phase wiring diagram for a private booth.

A tse single-phase circuit like zastosovuєtsya no sooner, no matter how much electricity is in the skin booth.

Dotrimuemosya scheme and vikonuemo installation of electrical wiring

In order to correctly transfer the created scheme to reality, it is important to trim such an awkward algorithm:

• we robimo accurately mark the walls. Recreate the mounting olive to the place, in which the darts will be restashed. Remember that they should go strictly in a horizontal position with a vertical descent or up to the sockets or vimikachiv;

Important! It is not possible to cut the diagonal distribution of cables with the method of economically staining the material.

• rosettes and vimikachi are placed on the singing vіdstanі vіd pіdlogi. Understandably, the old version is no longer stagnant, therefore, install their varto at a height of 25-30 cm, and vimikachi 80-90 cm.
• zrobіt shtrobi pіd cable and pіdrozetteniki. Place tsі outbuildings so that stench could easily scorch. At the ready, the strobes are inserted with special fastenings, which can be replaced by gypsum plaster, which will fix the darts in the channels, after which a plaster ball is applied.

Power supply.

The project of electrical supply of a residential booth is detailed on the basis:

1. Technical manager of the deputy;

2. Contract;

3. Architectural planning and design project of a living house,

4. Normative documents that are to be implemented on the territory of the Russian Federation:

PUE 2002 "Rules for the construction of electrical installations", edition 7;

GOST R50571 "Electrical installations budіvel";

SNIP 23-05-95 "Natural and piece lighting";

NPB246-97 "Rules fire safety at the Russian Federation".

The scope of the project includes electrical lighting and electrical power supply (sockets). Behind the warehouse of electrospazhivach_v designing of living budinok vіdpovіdaє zhitlu 2nd category. Designed with a single-line diagram, a one-time supply of a residential booth to become 16.75 kW. Sumarna declared the intensity of the apartment to be 27.25 kW. The coefficient of drinking is 0.62. Vrakhovuyuchi rozrahunkove navantazhennya, the introduction into the living house is designed three-phase and vykonuetsya at a voltage of 380 50 Hz from a dead-earthed neutral.

For the organization of the supply of electricity for the housekeepers of the living quarters, a separate shield of the ShchR and a shield of the surface of the apartment are prepared individually. A single-line diagram of the SHR is presented on the armchair. To ensure additional fire safety, an attachment is installed on the input into the shield of the SHR after the water machine zahisnogo inclusion(EPV) with a setting for a jet coil of 300 mA.

The organization of the form of electricity for the projected residential booth is transferred from the main street switchboard to the lichitel of the active energy tariff, three-phase, direct-flow, the type is specified 380/220, 5-50A. All sockets are selected according to Wimogami PUE clause 7.1.49.

The project has space for installing lamps, sconces, boxes for hanging chandeliers, sockets and electrical installations to be of a recommendatory nature and to be specified by the Zamovnik in the interim decisions. The choice of lamps is due to be carried out stalely in recognition of that medium of application. The minimum step for the protection of lamps and sockets that are installed in the bathrooms and sanitary facilities, is generally liable to become no lower than IP44.

The electrical wiring of the socket and power lines is wired in corrugated PVC pipes with a cable with medium conductors of the VVGng brand not less than 2.5 mm. sq. at the strobes of budіvelnih constructions stіn.

The electrical wiring of the lighting system is wired in corrugated PVC pipes with a cable with VVGng-ls cores in the strobes of the building constructions of the walls, overlappings and for false steel.

Attached wiring is due to change, with which it is due to ensure the possibility of replacing the cable, as well as access to the place of maintenance and electrical installations. Pipes of electrical wiring due to the fire safety certificate and superficially fasten to the construction of the beds, walls and partitions.

Z'ednannya, vіdgaluzhennya that kontsyuvannya lived wires and cables zdіysnyuvatisya for additional pressure, zvaryuvannya, soldering or stiskіv (screwed, bolted thinly)

To ensure easy recognition of conductors of electrical wiring for colors, it is valid up to clause 2.1.31 PUE 7 of the type, the project accepts conductors:

Black, brown and red colors for identification of phase conductors (L1, L2, L3)

Black color - for defining a zero working explorer (N),

Yellow-green color - for the designation of a cold guide (PE) /

The height of the installation of electrical control and electrical installations is equal to clean sub-logs to install: electrical lighting - 0.9 m; sockets - 0.3 m; rose shield- 1.5 m. Valid to GOST R 50571.2-96, PUE head. 7 the project accepted:

Type of grounding system - TN-S;

Types of systems of strum-conducting conductors: from the street shield to the rose under the shield-p'yatiprovidna, rose under. merezha on the house is triprovidna.

From the method of defending people in case of damage by an electric strum, all the conductive parts of electrical installations, as they can be supported by a voltage through damaged insulation, it is necessary to ground them with a path when they come to to the good guide PE. For this purpose, there are vicorous wires around the conductors - the piata or the third vein of the livelihood, as it is connected to the main protection conductor - the PE busbar of the SHR shield. When vikonannі grounding keruvatis SNiP 3.05.06-85 divided "Grounding extensions" and SP31-110-2003 divided "Grounding (grounding) that zahisnі come in safety ", as well as PUE view. 7, section 1.7. Sockets are due to the mother's nests, which close up.

For bathrooms and shower cabins, a system of supplementary air conditioning of potentials is transferred, which is implemented by means of a path for attaching metal cases of bathtubs, showers, showers and pipes to a box of air potentials (CUP), which is up to GOST 50571.1-96, installed The arrival of the KUP to the PE busbar of the shield, the booth is fixed for the help of mid-wire conductors with a 6mm peretina. sq. (Cable brand VVGng 1x6). From the KUP to the electrical control (protection contacts) and third-party conductive parts, PVC pipes are carried out, wired with a VVGng 1x2.5 cable. Electricity installed permanently in sanitary cabins, it is also necessary to get to the potential conditioning system. middle guide(VVNng 1x2.5) we will lay at corrugated pipes PVC.

Electricity and materials that are accepted before installation, including foreign varieties, and similar substitutions for the design, due to buti certification in the GOST RF System Certification, as well as for the fire safety zgіdno z NPB246-97 Russia) and vіdpovіdati technical characteristics, we will assign it to the project, as the quality did not succumb to it. All electrical installation works are carried out by qualified personnel, who have a license for vikonannya tsikh robit, s dotrimannym chinnyh norms PUE and BNiP, as well as safety equipment.

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