Conducted at home. Normatives, schemes and rules I will add breeding.

The skin booth has electricity today. Today's life without it, it’s already important to reveal. To that, at the hour of the life of a new life, it is necessary to add a lot of respect to the electrical wiring of the new one. It is similar to the cost of a private private booth, which was a lot of luck for that. The most common way to build such robots is to hire professionals. But in such houses, the Vlasniki vipers their vikonati independently, so it is necessary for them to know how to conduct wiring in the house correctly. Also, the number of appearances will be different in case of effective control over the processes, which are considered facsimiles.

Development of projects for different types of life

Tsey stage є pochatkovym, і vіd the correct vikonannya to lay down all the wiring in the booth. Designers are engaged in the development of schemes. Later projects are approved by special authorities. Armchairs are necessary for dummies who are going to be new. In addition, the schemes and specifications are needed for the wake-up days, in which the vikonaty is planned to be re-planned, after which the electrical wiring will be practically replaced. Also, the hour of the arrival of the additional one on top of the need to expand the new energy supply chairs. If it is planned to replace the main electrical wiring, then it is not necessary to expand the project for this. You can greet yourself by the time that you know and zastosovuvavsya at the hour of the creation of wakefulness.

Cable installation methods

To know how to conduct wiring in a booth, it is necessary to check the two main options for today and fit in a closed or closed way. In the first run, the wire is laid on the surface of the main load-bearing structures. Steles and walls can be seen before them. In another variant, strobes are victorious, as if they were buried, crushed for the help of a special tool in load-bearing structures. Nadalі qі elements are laid for additional plaster. Also, for vikonannya, the trumpet should be stopped. The stinks can be plastic numbers. This trick allows you to protect the cable from possible mechanical failures. Today it is important that the most correct wiring in the booth, as it is the most safe, is the one that was damaged due to the stuck installation option.

Complete set of the object with the necessary material

Schob vodpovisti on the power supply: "How to wire the wiring in the booth?" - it is necessary to correctly pick up the electric cable, which may be a song, and also to know your dozhina. Materials for electrical supply will also include both electrical sockets and sockets, installation boxes, lamps, and lamps. It is necessary not to forget about cable channels, otherwise you can speed up corrugated pipe. In addition, gypsum and electrical tape are needed.

Installer's equipment

In case of power supply: "How to conduct wiring near the house?" - it is necessary to remember about equipping a person with a tool, which is a vikonuvatime. Also, for successful work, you need a drill or a puncher, which is responsible for the mother of special nozzles. The stench is necessary for the construction of nests, which are vicorated at the hour of the installation of vimikachiv and sockets.

Since the electrical wiring was done by the viscons in a custom way, for such a process, a wall chaser is needed. Vin is necessary for vikonannya furrows, as it will be vikoristan for laying the cable at the wall of the house. Such a tool may have two special discs, which can cut through evenly buried in hard materials, for example, in cement or concrete. Also, I can speed up the installation process. With such a robot, you can get by with a great grinder, but in this case there will be more saw, splintering tools do not have a special folding casing for it. In addition, the process is a trivatime trivaly hour.

Vibir drotu

Obov'yazkovo power supply: "How do you wire the house?" - it is necessary to attach a saw blade to the wire rope of the cable. The main value for yoga is the total exhaustion of all electrical appliances in the workplace. For whom it is necessary to obov'yazkovo transfer the supply of tension. Tse allow the cable not to overheat, so that all electrical appliances will be switched on at once.

At the given hour, the darts for spending in the booth are selected as follows:

If the cable is selected and the wiring is installed in the booth, the wiring diagram, which can be opened or closed, it is necessary to protect those for the skin unit, which saves a lot of electrical energy, it is necessary to create a line. It is also necessary to work for computer technology in order to speed up or else to eliminate electromagnetic transitions.

Dovzhina of all darts at the booth to lie down not only in terms of overall dimensions of the bud, but also in the form of materials electric lines. So before them one can see the lists of vimikachi, boxes, sockets and so on. From the other side, the obov'yazkovo sled vrahovuvat, that at the missions, deconstruct the cables, it is necessary to store the stock of about 10 divas.

The cob of assembly work

Laying the wiring in the booth to lie down in the correct way of the wire marking. In order to start this process, it is necessary to take a small-scale cord, or twine, as if it will be rubbed with a creid. With additional assistance, the main cable is separated. Neyu є osnovny drіt, scho to pass through the most distant and remaining sockets. It is necessary to install the main cable more horizontally at a height of approximately 150-250 mm from the level of the steel. In addition, it is precisely at such a place that the main wire can be placed in the form of sublogs. Vdgaluzhennya, scho to go through the main cable to the sockets, lamps and vimikachiv, it is necessary to carry out with strict pretrial verticality.

If the wire will be laid under the sly, then in the same fall, with the help of the vikonan, you can easily mess up. For example, it becomes relevant, if the sergeant-major is assigned to hang on the wall a wardrobe like a kitchen set or a picture at the living room.

Choose the number of sockets and the number of sockets

The main indicator, which is added to the number of outbuildings, recognized for the supply of electricity or її connection, є presence at the house of electrical appliances. So, for a skin lamp, sound one vimikachu at a time. The number of sockets is chosen according to the minds of prosperity for a person. You can lead your motherfuckers for a number of transfers and vicory fittings. So, for example, for kitchen areas there can be no less than three pieces.

Placement of sockets and vimics for lighting fixtures

Leather attachment for supplying electricity or yogo plug-in sounding on the wall. Krapki for їkhny rozm_shchennya znahodyatsya on rіznіy vіsoі vіd pіdlogi. So, vimikachi, if you win correct laying at the booth, cables, as a rule, are spread out approximately one meter from the bottom surface. For which meaning no clear rules have been established, for that the skin keeper chooses for himself in an individual order. Krіm tsgogo, stench due to buti on the vіdstanі 100 mm in the jamb of the door opening and obov'yazkovo the same side, where the handle is located. If there are sockets, then for their installation there is also no exact height today. Call such attachments to be accommodated from 300 to 800 mm from sub-logs. All fall in vіd roztashuvannya elektrichnyh priladіv.

Chassis for cable and electrical panel

Most often, robots of this nature are conned, if wiring is installed in a panel booth, or wake up, prompted by the circuit. At the end of the hour of the end of the installation stage, start blaming a lot of noise and saw. For such reasons, it is necessary to wear earmuffs, wear eyepieces and a respirator. After the choice of all the places of installation of vimics, sockets, distribution boxes and electrical panels, which are designated as an olive, are streaked. Such a process is carried out in two cases. If the grinder is victorious, then two smugs are victorious, in between they can swell in 1 to 5 cm, and the depth can be 20 mm. In the main value, lie down without a middle in the number of mortgages over the wires. After that, for the help of a perforator, that special nozzle is taken away, or the concrete is between two pierced smugs. To conduct, vikoristovuyut vydkritiy way of laying the cable.

To create a new shield, it is necessary to walk along the marked contour with a grinder, and then use a perforator to pick up the material of the wall. As soon as the clay from the first try to come out insufficient, it is necessary to vikonate the whole process anew and repeat it, the docks did not see a sufficient place for installation.

Roboti for the installation of installation boxes

Without such a stage of work, the installation of an electric fence cannot be done. Carried out in a booth, the scheme of which bula was drawn on preparatory stage, start the transfer of the installation of distribution boxes. For which it is most common to install dowels and gypsum. At the end of the preparations for the additional crown, the opening of the required depth is inserted into an attachment, which is fixed with a refurbished stained glass material. If you don’t try to close the box with a vicorist dowel, then the gypsum cracks will be fixed. From the new foundation is being created, until it is given, the element of the electric line is attached to the booth. Vykoristovuvaty necessitates a weekly plaster cast, which may be an hour of hoarding up to three quills. After applying yoga in the opening, it is necessary to immediately insert the installation box and adjust it negligently to the required position.

Laying wires and fixing them

Cables are required to be fixed. Tse not to lie down in order to carry out the installation of wiring in the booth. For shtrobi, there are two options: wet or dry. On the cob itself, one end of the cable is fixed at the installation box, with which it is necessary to leave about ten centimeters in reserve. Like a dart of a sprat, they pierce through the skin 300 mm between themselves with additional plastic fasteners. Vykoristovuyuchi іzomuyuchi tape or okremia shmatok cable, dowel is attached to them. More swedish wayє zastosuvannya gypsum, it is less necessary to see the whole saw before it, and then prime it. Smears are applied to the pit in a hole for the dart through the skin 300-400 mm, and then the cable is drowned in them.

Conducting electricity in the booth in a critical way is carried out for additional cable channels, which are made from non-combustible materials. This option of fixation takes away the minimum number of forces from the vicon.

Visnovok

Bagatioh people to chirp, like zrobiti wiring at the booth. In order to be inspired by the correctness of all processes, it is necessary to turn to fakhivtsiv, as the master of unruliness has no necessary knowledge. People at any time cannot win such a excellent work for the presence of the necessary qualifications, which can be brought to irreparable consequences.

The possibility of the appearance of a light fire is the only problem associated with such food, like a private booth, especially a wooden one. Ale for wooden structures the same kind of breeding does not become the only possible fire.

• About the main stages of work
• Yak zadnuvati droti

About the main stages of work

• First, the idea is correctly developed.
• After all, you need to find technical solutions, suitable options for implementation.
• Then we will arrive at the house to the electric fence with a hand.
• You will need to know zahisnu equipment, conduct that cables, materials, attachments for electrical installation.
• A circuit for grounding is being installed.
• The entrance electrical panel is selected, and the installation is carried out.
• It is necessary to lay out the electrical wiring with your own hands.
• Contacts are being contacted, it is important to choose the correct order.
• Sockets are being installed, vimikachi.
• Electric appliances are connected.

An example of a wiring diagram for a private booth

What is shorter, three-abo single-phase introduction?

Private cottage houses save more electricity. Through tse vlasniki i vіdmovlyayutsya single-phase introduction electric energy to scatter vibration on the three-phase corrosiveness. If you care enough that the three-phase ones themselves allow you to generate more electricity, sound lower. І allow you to correctly connect a large number of electrical appliances without any problems. Ale tse firmness is not viable. In the minds before the connection, the chiropractors themselves indicate which one can have the maximum tension.

On the basis of consumption for a three-phase add-on, such an indicator will sound more than 15 kW. Single-phase line supports the power of 10-15 kW. See if you don’t mind, or you’ll be insignificant. Minus lіchilnіnіv up to three-phase introduction in significant dimensions.

Ale є in a new and non-transverse way - the possibility of an uninterrupted connection of electric receivers in a three-phase type:

• Asynchronous electric drives;
• Electric boilers and so on.

Zavdyaks to such decisions, mechanical, energy displays will be significantly improved. Do not blame the so-called phase imbalance during the operation of electric shocks due to high tension.

Important! Triphasic lines can be washed operating voltage 380 volts. Tse means that electrical safety will require more serious approach. This is especially true for wooden buds.

Yakі nedolіki maє trifazne vnedennya

1. At the shield of the shoe, it is necessary to properly build the modular dresser.
2. Rozpodіlnі vstupnі shields mayut cumbersome dimensions.
3. Through high voltage Greater ymovіrnіst vyniknennya pozhozhe, hitting with an electric jet.
4. For such a connection, one should turn to the Moscow government for permission.

Chi maє vin perevagi?

1. The maximum possible tightness can be increased.
2. For introductory equipment, you can reduce the nominal tension of the strum for the cable with a twist.
3. Possibility to turn on the triphasic electric breathers until the last minute.
4. The interest between phases is distributed evenly, there is no skew in phases.

The best three-phase introduction will be in dacha booths, de area shift 100 square meters. Navantage can be more symmetrical, even more impersonal single phase dampers struma. Triphasic variant pіdіyde less in times of serious depression of tension.

Since there is no such serious suggestion, the transition to them cannot be called social decisions.

Yakі vomogi are presented before the event

For wooden dacha booths, the shoes are more likely to be equipped with special pipe channels from metal, as the wiring has not yet been carried out. Darts are placed in the middle of them, and the stench of the beast is turned into materials for insulation. As for the brands of darts, then the following options are acceptable:

• RKGM;
• VVGNG LS;
• VVGNG A.

Only bolted fastenings, or zvaryuvannya need to be beaten for tubular channels, it is planned to lay darts. It is necessary to make grounding for the case. Zavdyaki tsomu nadalі you can forget about the breakdown and wide.

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It is not possible to lay the electric cable in the corrugation, plastic pipes. Such materials can be beaten more than once again for additional materials for insulation. Budinok will not be robbed, wind up as a working surface with antiprene.

Like wires and cables, it’s better to win in home minds

The correct solution is to install medium darts and cables. Zastosuvannya aluminum lived - not the best solution. The cables and cables themselves can be included in up to one group when combining schemes:

1. Z kіlkom veins.
2. Only from one.

Behind their own scheme, richly hulled, they make a husk, in the middle, like a sprat, they lived, the skin - with a thick insulation. PRTO is one of the best, most comprehensive solutions for anyone directly. May have the same characteristics for the butt:

• Anti-rotten leakage and cotton yarn to the beast.
• Gum insulation.
• Midna lived.

If the veins themselves hang out, then the stench of the stench is rich with dross, or one with the same worms.

There is one more thing between the virobs of different virobniks – the shell. Vaughn protects not only the simple poshkodzheny of the mechanical type, but also the chemical speeches, injecting light and water. Like a butt - sometimes in the middle of the cables, they are so called additional armor. The smell of stink shells allows you to lay a gasket on unfriendly weather minds.

The gasket is selected to be prihovanu chi vіdkritu.

About wired wiring

For її implementation, you can choose one of the two options for the scheme:

1. Installation under the skin.
2. At the strobes.

In a given application, a combination is allowed, if two ways can be combined one by one. Just one of the acceptable applications.

Yaki vymogi are presented before the attached wiring

• According to the price, the cable route is laid according to the scheme. Pass the cable over the line but be vertical. Possibly and horizontal option, ale vіn is permissible only under the stele. Chi is not lower than 2.5 meters. The cable must be run in parallel to the walls, so that the wiring is laid under the cover.
• Wiring and її change in the scheme. This means that you need to transfer the possibility of expansion, adding new cables with your own hands. With this, the whole work is to be done easily, without removing the sheathing of the walls, other serious ruins.
• Golovna vimoga - for fire safety schemes. At the booths made of wood, it is necessary to wrap the skin around the lining, laying the electrical wiring. More stagnation is allowed steel pipes, made of PVC, for example.

Yak zadnuvati droti

The electric strum, as known to the installers, may alleviate problems from the following several reasons:

1. Filthy contact at the sockets.
2. Low contact strength in dose boxes.
3. Wiring reversal.

Half-children themselves are subdivided into sprat groups.

• Bolted look.
• Self-tight terminals
• Spikes.
• Zvaryuvannya.
• Twisting.
• Klemni.

Twisting is one of the widest, simple ways in order to carry out the system with your own hands. Її the minimum required length is 40 mm. The turns of the dart are laid as tightly as possible. Zayvi kіntsi are greeted with little things.

Aluminum single-core darts used to be wound in a different way. But at the same time for the installation of such droti, it is practically not vikoristovuyutsya. Twisting can be zastosovuvati and at the same time to medium virobiv, it is easier to carry out the system in such minds. The distribution of electrical wiring in a private booth is not as bright as it seems at first glance.

Trochs about the placement of sockets and vimikachiv

The height of the vіd vіmikaіv to pіdloga may be not less than 95 cm. Impulse relays or passing types of attachments are the best solution for great and passing corridors. Then it will be easy to cherub the lightened middle. Under the vimikachem, the rosettes are ringing. But it is necessary to know in advance about those who are being brought into the interior. It is important that access to the sockets must be guaranteed.

In one place, you can install 10 or more sockets with your own hands, as a result of the need. Such solutions are especially relevant for kitchens and baths, children's rooms and bedrooms. More shortly zazdalegіd podbati і about competently laying the cable for the Internet. So that everything is done correctly, it is necessary to paint the plan of the room in advance, and it will be shown if you want to approximate the placement of furniture.

With your own hands, you can mount additional dzherel zhivlennya, for example, for the kitchen and toilet. Zavdyaks to them, you can visvitly, wind up like all other accessories will be veiled. Such dzherelas are easily mounted with their own hands on top of the anti-burn signaling. The basis of vimikachiv is due to ceramics, so they are mounted near the bathroom or kitchen. So the stench will be protected from high level water content.

Change of stats:

Electricity - on the right is serious and vidpovidalna. If you choose all the robots and work independently, you need to work everything carefully and diligently. Proper wiring for a private booth is a safety lock, and even for statistics, 70% can be traced through electrical faults. Even if you are not convinced in your own strength, rather trust the work of the fahivtsy to be less distorted.

Plan dіy

The distribution of electrical wiring in a private booth is carried out to the cob of repair work. A box of booths of vignana, the walls of that cover are ready, - the very hour to start the work. The sequence is like this:

• Depending on the type of input - single-phase (220 V) or three-phase (380 V).
• Drawing up the scheme, drawing up the tightness of the planned property, submitting documents and taking care of the project. Here it is necessary to say that in technical minds you are far from being able to recognize the intensity you have declared, it is better to see more than 5 kW for everything.
• Selection of warehouses and components, purchase of a lighter, automatic equipment, cables, etc.
• The introduction of electricity from the stovpa to the booth. Seen by a specialized organization, you need to select the type - repeat or underground, install an automatic entry machine in the required area.
• Insert the shield, start the electrician to the booth.
• Laying cables in the middle of the booth, connecting sockets, vimics.
• Attach the grounding circuit and connect it.
• Testuvannya system and otrimannya act.
• Electrical connection and operation.

It’s more of a wild plan, the skin type has its own nuances and peculiarities, but you need to start repairing technical minds connection to the electricity supply to the project. For whom it is necessary to depend on the type of introduction and the planned energy demand. It is necessary to remember that the preparation of documents can take a lot of work, so that you can serve them better to the beginning of everyday life: two fates are given to win the minds. In an hour you can build a wall, you can put an automatic machine and a lighter on a yak.

Phase numbers

AT private booth You can supply single-phase voltage (220 V) or three-phase (380 V). Beyond the energy standards for a private booth single-phase mesh the maximum power consumption for a booth can be 10-15 kW, for a three-phase one - 15 kW.

Triphasic introduction it is needed only if it is necessary to connect a more difficult possession, which works in the area 380 V

What is the difference? The one in three-phase mesh it is possible to turn on without interruption the power of the electric appliances - electric stoves or scorched boilers, ovens too thin. However, we may need to introduce that kind of divorce 380 In a rich zhorstkishі: the strain is higher, there are more chances of taking a serious injury. Because you don’t have more than 100 squares of booths, and you don’t think to burn it with electricity, it’s better for you to run 220 V.

Folding the plan and taking care of the project

Having chosen the type of input, you can design a plan for electrification of the booth. Take a plan of a booth on a scale, and think about de costing equipment, estimate, de-roof the sockets and vimikachi. If you need to protect de yaki large-sized furniture, you can rearrange them, so that you don’t put sockets and vimikachiv at the zone.

On the plan, it will be necessary to apply all lighting fixtures: chandeliers, sconces, floor lamps, lamps. For some of them, vimikachi will be needed, for some - sockets. Then you will need to estimate, how to attach it to the skin application, you will need to use it.

For example, a lot of appliances have been installed in the kitchen, as a practical work. For her obov'yazkovo need sockets. There is more equipment that is switched on periodically. Every time a plan is drawn, the optimal turn-on point is determined. Such a pidkhid and in the skin room.

The result of the design of electrical wiring for a private booth. You can also find a similar scheme

Significance of total tension

Having named approximately about those who are standing at your booth, you will feel tightness. The average tension can be taken from the tables: the technique is still, singsongly silent. Moreover, de є, vrakhovuєte start-ups of the venture (the stink of rich things). Add close to 20% to the stock until you know the sum. The result will be necessary tension.

Її i specify at papers, which are served for permitting the connection of electricity to the plot. If you see the declared tension, you will have to be spared, but it’s not a wart to rely on. It's better to invest in a standard 5 kW for everything - the widest limit of electricity for private houses.

The average value of the tightness of the fittings for the installation of the total need for the electrical wiring of a private booth with your own hands

Group breakdown

All services (the term of professionals) - lamps, searchlights, vimics, sockets - are divided into groups. With an okremoy gіlkoy, an electrician is bred on the lighting fittings. Sound one, but it’s not a rule, it’s more convenient or more dotsilnishe to work two needles - on the skin, a wing of a booth, or on the skin on top - to lie down according to the type and configuration of the bud. As if in the same group one can see the illumination of the basement above, utility room, as well as light on the streets.

Potim break into groups of sockets. Skіlki can be "sajati" for one wire - to lie in the diameter of the wire, which is victorious, but no more richly - three or five, no more. On the connection of a skin sweating attachment, it is more likely to see the electric line of electricity: it’s more superior to the look of fire safety, and acceptable to the trial operation of the attachments.

As a result, you can go to the kitchen with three-seven lines - here the equipment is the most and most exhaustive: for an electric boiler, an electric stove around the line, you need it safely. Refrigerator, micro-heated food, electric oven, clean the car, and better “plant” OKremo. Not so hot blenders, food processors, etc. you can include up to one line.

Design of electrical wiring in a private house

At the room, go sound on two lines: at the current dwelling, be sure to include it in the electric circuit. One line goes to lighting. There will be sockets on the other side, in which case you will need to plug in a computer, router, TV, phone charger. All stinks are not much stronger and can be united in one group. As soon as the installation of the air conditioner is transferred, or turn on the electric heater - you will need an okrem line.

As a small private booth - a dacha, for example, a group could have two or three: one on all lighting fittings, another - on the street and a third - on all internal sockets. Zagalom kіlkіst group - on the right іndivіdualіnі і lie the most in іd rozіrіv budinka i іlkostі elektroobdnannya і nоmu.

The wiring plan may be small, but the houses are small

For the number of groups taken away, the number of automatic machines on the pink shield in the booth is assigned: to the number of groups removed, add two-chotiri for the development (it’s important to forget it, otherwise it will be necessary to turn it on again, divide it into a big group far away).

For the number of groups, a separate shield is selected and the number of automatic machines for a new one: for the skin group, there is an automatic machine. Like a great private booth - on a sprat on top, it’s possible to put tighter automatics on leather on top, and before them connect automatic groups.

De put a shield

The standards for installing the shield are not standardized. If necessary, you can change the distance from the pipelines to at least 1 meter. Pipes are taken to respect, be it: water supply, scorching, sewerage, internal drains, gas pipelines and wind gas lights.

There is no other place to live. Whoever puts up a shield near the boiler room: if it’s already a technical application, then it’s wise to choose all communications here. Organizations that accept, do not make any claims. Sometimes it is better to roztashuvat the shield of the entrance doors. Yakshcho class zakhistu vіdpovіdaє vimog, everyday claims are not to blame buti.

Selection of cables and accessories

The current standard wiring diagram for a private booth includes two automatic switches. One - the entrance - is installed before the clerk, as a rule on the street. Yogo and the lіchilnik will be sealed at the time of entry into the house. Put another PZV machine near the booth in front of the shield.

Strum spratsovuvannya (vimknennya) tsikh pristroїv pіdbiraєtsya so that the first one turns on the machine, inserts at the booth (the size of the strum is troch less). Then, in case of emergency assistance, you do not need to climb under.

Typical scheme electrical wiring of a private booth: a group can have a lot of different

For example, the power supply is less than 15 kW, entry machine to put on 25 A. With a greater reduction in pressure, it will be necessary to install a transformer, and its parameters will be specified in the project.

In the rest of the hour, when a private booth is connected to an electric meter, it is necessary to install a lichilnik and an automatic machine on the street. Tsya help the legislator is not confirmed by anything, it’s just that the electric service is easier to control the situation. If you want, you can fight, if you don’t - choose a lichnik and an automatic machine near the case with a raised saw - and free - protection - class protection is not lower than IP-55. For the installation in the middle of the life, the defender is guilty of but lesser ones - IP-44, which will obviously be lower and the price.

Select cables

For electrical wiring at a private booth, it is better to use cables, not darts. They have insulation, which is at least twice as beautiful, so the laying is not so hard, but it is safer. All internal wiring is due to a private booth with zahisnymi grounding. Previously, such could not be, now a lot of electrical appliances can be equipped with three-contact plugs and for safe work grounding. Therefore, the cable can be three-core.

AT electrical cables lived to roam from midi and aluminum. If you want aluminum and cheaper, it’s easier to vicorate: it’s hard, it often breaks, it’s easier to work with it. With an independent electrical wiring at a private booth, the presence of a connection can become a problem. Until then, at the wooden budinkas, the middle of the vines could not be victorious.

Designated recut lived

After you have chosen the material, you can choose the diameter of the core of the cable. It is necessary to roam the line according to the planned advancement on the line according to the tables.

Rozrahunok of electrical wiring - choose to cut the core of the cable to carry out according to the table

Peretin lived to pick up the strum, or to push all the guards, connecting one to the machine. Axis here you once again become in good time the plan of electrification of the booth, where you have painted a group of spares. Take into account the amount of strums or the tightness of all fittings and choose required overtime alive behind the table.

How to make a table? Yakscho vyrishili lay honey darts, input voltage 220, then for internal wiring pіdіyde lіva її part, vіdpovіdny stovpets. I will find the tension of all the spontaneous people who are connected to the group (її know and fix it easier).

At that part, where to go about middle darts that fit into the trays, empty, channels, stovpts "220 V" know the closest value. In this row, it collapses to the right to the column “Section, sq. mm". The figure is indicated here and it will be necessary for the world to live. From the conductors of which diameter it will be necessary to work electrical wiring from the vіd vending machine to the sockets

In order not to get lost when laying a bag, you lived of the same diameter, designate on the plan with a song color (write it down, so you don’t forget what color you have designated). In addition, as the diameter of the appointments for all groups of patients, it is necessary to consider for the length of the necessary cables according to the skin size, before knowing the numbers, add a margin of 20-25%. Vee rozrahuvali wiring for vlasny booth.

Choose the type of casing

Pevni vimogi up to the type of cladding is less when laying electricity near wooden booths: it is recommended to use a cable insulation (NYM) or a wire (VVG) cable insulation. In the booths of less combustible materials, it is possible to beat the insulation.

Golovna, that she was whole, without cracks, pouring those other ears. If you want to play it safe, you can speed up as guides with a stronger zakhist. Tse maє sens in occupants with advanced hydration (kitchen, bath, swimming pool, spa area).

Choice of sockets and vimikachiv

When pressed, the sockets are selected for the maximum (starting) strum. Not enough to solve hard work stench go standard. It is necessary to know what the stinks are:

• Zovnishni - if the body is washed from the walls. It’s easier to install it: a lining is attached to the wall, and before it there is a socket for the beast. And yet such models are few and far between at the dachas. The reason is aesthetic: not the most attractive sight.
• Internal. Under the electrical part to fight buried in the wall, in the new one the installation box is walled up. In the middle of the box, an electrical part is inserted into the socket or vimikacha.

The very internal electrical sockets that vimikachi these days are most often vikoristovuyutsya. The stench is decorated in different styles, made in different colors. They are chosen mainly in the tone of the sample, but it is still impossible to put a white color.

Carried out with your own hands

Current trends in everyday life are moving forward hosted. Vaughn can be laid at a specially grooved groove near the walls - strobes. After laying that fixed cables, they are smeared with putty, paving the surface of the wall.

If the walls will be lined with sheet materials - gypsum board, GVL, etc., then strobes are not needed. The cables are laid in the gap between the wall and the facilities, and in the other fall - only in corrugated sleeves. The cladding from the cables laid is fastened with clamps to the structural elements.

How can the internal electrical wiring be laid. At a private booth, when ruled with one's own hands, it is necessary to follow all the rules

When laying a trace of memory, that the internal wiring of a private booth is carried out according to all the rules and recommendations. This is the only way to guarantee safety. The main rules are:

• laying of wiring only vertically and horizontally, daily rounded ducts or beveled routes;
• all months are due to breakage at mounting boxes;
• horizontally pass through the ropes at a height of not less than 2.5 meters, from which the cable is lowered down to the socket or vimikacha.

The report plan of the passage of the road, similar to the one in the photo is higher, it is necessary to save it. Vіn camp in a good time for repair or modernization of wiring. Behind him, you will need to look, as here, nearby, you will need to drench, or work dirka, clog the flowers. The main task is not to go to the cable.

Ways to shoot darts

Great view of the problems with electrical wiring looks like a filthy wiring harness. You can create dekilkom in the following ways:

• Twisting. Only the same metals can react in this way, otherwise they enter into a chemical reaction. Twisting mid and aluminum is not possible categorically. In other cases, the length of bare conductors may be not less than 40 mm. Two darts twine together, yakoma is bigger, the coils fit one more. The top is wrapped with electrical tape and/or packed thermal tube. If you want the contact to be 100%, but spend the minimum, do not use the solder twist. Zagalom, according to modern norms, this type of wire is considered undesirable.
• Z'ednannya through the terminal box with screw clamps. At the case made of heat-resistant plastic, there are soldered metal clamps, which are tightened for additional screws. Purification in the form of insulation, the conductor is inserted into the nest, secured with a screw for additional twisting. This type of planting is the most desirable.
• Good pads with springs. In these annexes, the contact is secured by a spring. Bare conductors are inserted at the nest, which are pressed by a spring. And all the same, the most important method of getting together is zvaryuvannya that soldering. If it's possible to do this, you can figure out that you won't have any problems. Accept these z'ednannymi.
• Do-it-yourself installation of electrical wiring in a booth, thanks to the help of a relay switch, it was possible. Tse is a guarantee of your private security and the security of your private power. In addition, as the darts from the vending machine to the point of connection of the socket or the vimikacha are laid, they are checked for integrity by a tester - they live among themselves, checking the integrity of the conductors, and the skin is fixed to the ground - they are not checked for isolation. If the cable is not damaged, repair the installation of the socket or vimikacha. Having connected, once again check with a tester. Potim їх it is possible to start a vіdpovіdny automatic machine. Moreover, the machine is supposed to send a signature: it’s easier to orient yourself. Having completed the electrical installation throughout the house, having checked everything on their own, they call out to the specialists of the electrical laboratory. The stench pereviryayut camp conductors and isolation, measure the grounding and zero, for the results give you an act (protocol) of testing. Without it, you will not be allowed to enter service.

Replacing the electrical wiring in the apartment with your own hands will be timed to coincide with the overhaul. I store, maybe, store some of it. Vіdpovіdno - i price. In the regional town in medium smoothie RF professional wiring replacement cost approximately 1000 rubles. on 1 sq.m of the living area of ​​the dwelling. Bratisya for independent replacement of wiring is more necessary in that case, as repair is necessary, and you are surrounded by fences.

Mid, the land is that dose

The replacement of electrical wiring at the living quarters is carried out on three whales:

1. Replacement aluminum wires on midday.
2. Transfer from the TN-C power supply circuit (grounded neutral) to TN-C-S (from external grounding).
3. Transition to the distribution of wires for the connection of groups with okremi wires.

Let's explain in order:

Alumina electrical wiring, due to its cheapness and environmental friendliness (the type of butt and heat-treatment of midi or boules were oversized shkidlivimi vyrobnitstvami) nabula wide width in the world in the 30s - 60s. However, it was found out that aluminum is unsuitable for electrical wires:

• For a stretch of 20 years, the lancers under the strum, the metal, changes are being made, the essence of which has not been understood by the dos; Nasampered - aluminum is becoming more trendy, and it’s literally impossible to go wild with the wiring.
• With the least hit of the water, aluminum is weak to electrocorrosion, which expands under the shell; the cilium seems to be thinning to a hair; zvіdsi - raptovі vіdmovi, nayavіrіynіshі.

Aluminum - soft metal. Z-pіd gvintіv vіn vіn see, the twists are weak, and the soldering of aluminum is foldable, the road and lie down to shkidlivih vrobnitstv. Therefore, aluminum contacts are not necessary.

The wires of the power transmission line have a service term of less than 20 years, and there the aluminum is not indicated. Ale near the apartment wires aluminum line is fenced.

The Radiansk scheme of TN-C power supply was stunted due to the need for mass electrification for the minds of a severe shortage of color metals and a large length of communications in the majestic country. Z 1997 in the Russian Federation, the TN-C-S power supply system has been adopted, which ensures the safety of the safety of people independently from the power lines. Vіd SRSR lost the faceless non-grounded bagatopovіkovok, but even though the problem is є, її need virishuvati; don’t “burn out”, so self-harm.

The layout of the divorce scheme was also stagnant, and for the same reasons as TN-C. At the same time, until the last wires of the apartment introduction, for their longevity, they connected up to the group. Vіdgaluzhennya fought at the rozpodіlnyh boxes - elektrodozatorov (doses); The main apartment dose was ordered by the doctor.

Skin care - insulation and twisting, or glue: inappropriately and sensitively to locking. Nine is not yet legalized (but on the right before that), but galvanized by wires: introduced to the skin group, connected to an okremia solid cable cable at the hinged or later insulation. Everyday twists and clamps, vologists are not afraid.

Etapi roboti

You can spend more time on the installation of electrical wiring. On the right, in that the replacement of electrical wiring is carried out in five stages:

1. Rozrobka scheme elektroprostachannya apartment (booth).
2. Folding the plan for the distribution of electrical wiring, and confirming that registration in full with the scheme of electrical supply.
3. Vlastuvannya repair watch.
4. Electrical wiring.
5. Installation of mechanisms (vimics, automatics), connection points (sockets) and stationary electrical appliances ( lighting fixtures, warm weather, cleaning machines, air conditioner, electric oven, etc.).

Up to the cob it works from the replacement of electrical wiring can be done as far as possible zahisne grounding or safe zahisne zanulennya. Prote yoga attachment -.

The distribution of electrical wiring at the points is carried out at the remaining stage during the installation of mechanisms, automation, connection points and electrical appliances.

On the skin side, the replacement of electrical wiring can be spared. Zagalom can change the cost by half and more - up to 650-450 rubles / square, depending on what you see independently, and what happens to entrust the specialists.

Electrical supply scheme

Look at the little ones at the branch. For now, take a look. Damo deyaki explanation. First: kWA - electricity bill; ELV - attachment zahisnogo inclusion. In a different way - the electric power circuit is single-line.

Give respect to two scythes of rice, which re-cross the designation of the dart. Tse means that in reality there are two darts - phase L and zero N (neutral), laid at once. Zahisny drіt PE is not crossed, but also wine is okremo. As a three-phase introduction, there will be three rice on the signs of yoga wire. Systems insulated neutral, do not stagnate, do not stick around.

Now take a good look at the little ones. This is a one-line electric supply scheme for a luxury apartment of 200 sq. m. If you understand everything in it, you can recreate your electrical supply scheme, navit as you have no electrical knowledge and chairs you can’t.

At the top of your head, you have an impenetrable sketch. Ale, in a new way, an old-year student or a pensioner-electrician correct scheme. And if you hand over the scheme to a practicing fahіvtsyu with a decent salary, then cost a pretty penny. But it’s a curse for you not to change: even if you need a holiday, you need to give.

Thoughtfully supplying electricity

The electrical wiring in the booth is correct, lie down in front of it in case of reduced tightness. In cottage settlements, it is unrealistic to give a limit of 10-20 kW per dwelling, but in a Russian apartment it is unrealistic: otherwise the machine will be vibivated at the entrance all the time, otherwise, it’s even hotter, burn Budinkov’s conduct. And at the old houses, where the most common replacement of wiring and is needed, the "Khrushchev" limit is laid at 1.3 kW; on the border - 2 kW.

Prote all at once do not turn on anything. Navit snail, if the air conditioners are working, the stench will not turn on in time. Here, the vipadkov_st works on the slowdown: with an average statistical slowdown of 4.3 kW, the Budin's wiring is trimmed. This limit is laid as the basis for the rozrahunka. Well, it’s true, as soon as you know it’s better or better, the air conditioner with the boiler will be brought to a minimum, otherwise the head machine will destroy the whole apartment. Ale z zim happen to be reconciled.

Without going into details of the rozrahunka, I’ll give you a couple of dates for an average city apartment of 40-100 sq. m. m of roof area:

• The head automatic machine - from 25 to 32 A, fallow from the area. For the scrupulous: the coefficient for the stock of struma is 1.3-1.5. It is not possible to give 2 at the bagatokvartirkas: the wiring is “withered”.
• Apartment ELV - 50 A 30 μA rozbalans.
• Kitchen - two wires of 4 square meters. mm; on the skin - automatic for 25 A and ELV 30 A 30 μA. Supply of the bathroom - from the kitchen; not shown on the diagram, div. lower.
• Air conditioner - head 2.5 sq. mm; automatic - 16 A, ELV - 20 A 30 μA.
• Rosette lances and lances of lighting - one and the other at the skin room, bathroom and bathroom; they have less illumination; about the bath Rozmov in front. Perepirz produktіv - 2.5 sq. mm; automatic switch-on is not needed, it is necessary to switch the main apartment.

Axis and all outputs for a single-line scheme of electric power in an apartment. You can chair.

Malyunok: graphic schemes for "sharpness":

We refer to the scheme

As a basis, you can take a diagram, point it. Її the top, in view of the exit from the lichilnik, is overstayed, it is necessary to change the numerical data. The ELV mark cannot be significant: so put a substitute for ASTRO-PVV in the end bag, otherwise, I won’t damage anything.

In times of sumniviv, the meaning is div. Addendum to PUE (Rules for the installation of electrical installations of spare parts) or GOST 2.755-87(CT REV 5720-86). Please follow the GOST number: I’m asking for a question about the GOST 2.721-74 and navіt GOST 7624-55, in such cases it’s no more sense, lower in the Moral Code of the buddweller of communism, in his hour, especially read by the dear comrade Leonidomlіmіchіmіchі.

When scheming the scheme, finish the expansion smart designations elements: no scaling allowed. If, for example, an electric capacitor is indicated by two parallel lines with a thickness of 0.5 mm and a length of 10 mm on a width of 2 mm, one in one, then just so, put one in one on a sheet of drawing paper A0.

Gotuemo plan

Now take a look at the little ones, which escort this one. The same is the electrical wiring plan: the y-axis of the scheme is being transformed, if it is necessary to work with your hands. Damo to plan explanation:

1. At the skin room, as the lichilnik is guilty, go less than two sockets - on the lanterns of lighting that socket.
2. There is one sanitary vuzol, DSU (additional potential viability system) at the sizable apartment, not needed. Її gіlka on the diagram is indicated by a dotted line.
3. In the bathroom, there is more than a bedside lamp; in the water-protected vikonan, there is a boiler, as if there were installations. The bath is a kind of special and foldable, up to a point.
4. Designate more wires to the connection points (sockets) and stationary electrical installations. Stationary installations are important, which are simply fixed on load-bearing structures, otherwise they are not powered through a rosette. For example: a boiler and heat supply - stationary, but a clean machine, a dishwasher and an electric oven - no. Those that are connected to other communications, electricians do not hang around and do not complain.
5. Do not charac- terize the scheme with dribnets on the square of the light-emitting stele, moving it to the balcony, etc. The inspectors make such speeches for a little while, and a whole decent plan can be “hacked”.
6. Do not show the door to the balcony or the loggia at another time! For the Moscow apartment, it is rudely damaged PUE. Tsі pіschennya owennі zapituvatsya vіd sockets in іnshi kіmnatah.

And now let's show how to prepare the plan:

• Get a plan of your apartment from DEZ or BTI.
• Vіdskanayte; yakscho great - pieces.
• In Photoshop, glue the pieces and take away the old markings of the wiring, stationary electrical appliances and the connection point.
• Apply a new one to the diagram and for a clear indication of the electrical wiring plan. It’s better to work not with Photoshop anymore, but in CorelDraw or another vector graphics editor, importing the original raster file, and then exporting ready plan back at raster. Don't forget to save the vector template! Plani, beaten by amateurs, may at 100% turn to doopratsyuvannya from respect.
• In Photoshop, divide the large image in the required scale into parts of the world in the area of ​​​​the other printer of your printer, expand it and glue it together at the great arch so that the lines run. As soon as the trochs rose, it is possible to re-arm in the hands.

Notes:

1. If the bathroom is far from the kitchen (like, for example, near the apartments of the Czech plan), then I assigned a group of sockets for a new one, described further, in the distribution about the kitchen, next to the room with the bathroom.
2. Groups of sockets at the summіzhnyh kіmnata bazhany roztashovuvat one against one through the wall. In such a time, having drilled through the wall, it is possible to offend groups of people with one plug, protecting the cable and pipe.
3. In the apartments - "trams" (an enfiladne planning) at the farthest view of the lichnik of the room, a group of sockets, but not more than two, it is permissible (in practice, not for the PUE) to be asked sequentially, one view of the other. At the same time, as the nearest group is fed with a crisis wall of vitals, save more pivgіlki.
4. Brother and other times it is light, and in practice it is permissible to power up the sockets, or sequentially in the boundaries of the room, as in the next lamp.
5. The stele lamps can be nourished by the skin with a creamy softness. Power them one through one or the type of sockets is unacceptable: lancers glowing lighting vvazhutsya life important.
6. Rows vvazhayutsya and appear on the plan like a chandelier. The head for them is brought to the center of the stele, and the rose during the installation works like a safe and efficient one.

Ready electrical wiring diagram and electrical wiring plan for the apartment must be registered and confirmed in the energy service. The re-verification and registration procedure is cost-free.

Important: the wiring plan should be given the greatest respect. Optimally, with a rozum of folds, the plan for por_vnyannі z hack-work to save more money and more.

Electrical installation of the room

In order to put together the plan for electricity supply, you need to know how much you need to know, how many points of connection and stationary utilities will be at the house. Understanding, at his own donkey, you master, and it is impossible to develop a single method of folding the plan for any options for planning. Ale, lower quotations may be needed.

Bath

The electrical installation of the bathroom is a mica pot. From one side, only a high water level can rob the bathroom of an especially unsafe electric jet behind the stage of damage. Plus to tsgogo - zabrizkana pіdloga that naked rozparena people near the hot water. Opir yogo body falls more, lower at the drunken one: the strum of the sound through the body can overwhelm 5 A (!), And tse mіzh with an insanely fatal blow and blistering. Vrazhayuchaya diya elektrostrumu to lie down in the hour of the injection, and for such a force, it is not enough for the hour to spratsovuvannya ELV n_yak not enough, sob sing-songly zapobigti bidi.

On the other side there are electrical installations: a heating machine, a boiler, with a great damp coil, which works when the temperature and humidity rise. In such minds, exposed contacts under the voltage, even under the cover of the socket, will be a danger of electric shock.

PUE allow installation at bathroom outlets through a split transformer or ELV, but the solution is even bigger, lower the TN-C system at its own time. It has already been said about the ELV, but if there is a separate transformer, then this point is simply copied from the distribution about the power supply through the marriage of the best.

Installation of a split transformer - technical task is to complete the folded item of the described inventory. Recommendations for kshtalt - zaphati RTR pіd pіdvіsnu stele at the bathrooms - pіd yakscho not non-government, then attached pragnennia to the side of electrosuicide. Behind the letter PTB and PUE, the bathrooms may have more than a stellar lamp for the water-protected vikonann. Ale for the spirit, that sutti is still quiet, the PTB and the PUE of the electric supply of the bathroom can be organized in the coming order:

• The electrical cords of the boiler and the fan should be replaced at a dovg, so that they were pulled out, through the opening at the wall, to the sockets in the kitchen or at the summіzhnіy from the bathroom room. The boiler is not provided with a regular cord, and the cost of a guarantee for an inexpensive fan is small, more so, since 100% of the guaranteed rotation of the fan can be reduced to non-warranty failures. Zrozumіlo - three-wire cords, from the zahisnym conductor.
• Prydbati podovzhuvach without a cord, but with grounding contacts (evro), for three nests, with figured openings in the back for hanging on the wall, and secure it with a three-wire cord.
• All three cords through the opening at the wall in the kutka above the plinth lead into the kitchen, or the summіzhny kіmnata, secure with euro-forks, and put in PVC box: at the kutka and at the bottom of the vіn vіchі will not throw
• The boiler plug is plugged into the socket "on a permanent basis" - nowhere in the current rules is the time limit for plugging the plug into the socket. Also, the fan plug, which is "intellectual" and controls the temperature and moisture.
• The podovzhuvach is suspended by the bathrooms on the screws in the dowels.
• The right machine is turned on in a slower way. In other two sockets, you can turn on a light-framed mirror and a hair dryer.
• The podovzhuvach's seeder is included in the socket in the summіzhnіy kіmnaі if necessary.

In this way, the baths will not have bare kіntsіv pіd tenaciously, and in case of pretreatment elementary outside entrances, the insecurity of the electrostrum will be reduced to zero. And according to the PUE, that PTB is podovzhuvach, even with a cord at the box and raising on the wall - it’s more of a podovzhuvach, and not a socket.

Toilet

At the toilet, as well as at the bath, where there is only one light for a bedside lamp. Lights for the toilet and bathroom can be powered sequentially by one plug: electricians do not run.

Kitchen

For the kitchen, in such a rank, two wires are needed: for the bathroom and for the power needs. As well as a sanitary vіdnesennі vіd kuhnі, ії nіlka vіdneї vіde і іn the sumіzhnї s kіmnati, аlе we'll describe here.

Peretin drotu - 4 sq. mm. Ale, the connection points are divided: for your own kitchen sockets, you need not one, like for a bathroom, but two sockets. Permanently they will include a dishwasher, an electric oven, a food processor and spot lighting. Ask for halogen lamps on the back of the hanging shafi with a creamy head, as recommended by others, it is not economically correct according to the PUE.

One point, which was left out, is under the kitchen fan, and in the second place, a podovzhuvach is constantly turned on, moving, like at the bathroom, on the wall or on the wardrobe. You can turn on a toaster, a pick-up pump when you select one. The refrigerator is switched on to the socket of the supplementary group on the protilezhnіy wall.

Bathroom sockets and the main group of bazhano roztashuvat behind the bottom kitchen cabinet vpritul under the stiltnitsu, and then filed in the view of the sink. Like the bottom of the wardrobe from the back wall, seep into it. For the passage of the cords in the back folds, cut the styles - and it is not visible, and the cords can pass freely.

Illuminating the needle to the kitchen - just like that, like a sparkle.

The front corridor

Here you need two wires: for the socket and for the light. Like a long corridor, and in the new one you need two points of lighting, close to the outlet, you can look at the sconce and ask for it. And the far point will already be a stele lamp, we will feed our own needle.

child

PUE vymagaє for children's installations roztashuvannya sockets and vimikachіv at a height of not less than 180 cm from the logs. Ale, it’s worth more than installations, that child is grown up, and the room will be left for her.

As if a child’s love from the lower age shows an interest in technology, it is necessary to put a socket in the child’s room from a hard drive. In the form of a socket with a lid that locks on a key, a different individuality can puff up and strangle in one’s grace, like, it’s possible, it’s possible to become a guarantee of life’s success.

Zhitlovsky kіmnati

Without going into the subtle topology, let's say once again: for powering the stele lamps and two groups of sockets in living rooms, 2N + 1 hilok is sufficient, de N - the number of rooms. It is explained on the example of a three-room apartment:

1. Vitalnya - 1 head of the main rosette group, 1 - supplementary, 1 - illuminating.
2. Bedroom - one galuz of the main group, one illuminating. The supplementary group is powered through the wall from the supplementary group of the vital.
3. Child - 1 head of the main group, 1 illuminating. The supplementary group is powered through the wall from the supplementary group of the bedroom.
4. In the bedroom, or a child, marveling at the planning, you are energized by a different group of kitchens.

Usogo on 2-3 room apartment you need 12-15 guests, including air conditioning. The plug for the air conditioner is to be closed with a socket, if you want a stationary attachment. There are two reasons: for the safety of the service, and the fact that the split of the security with a regular cord, having cut it, is in the warranty.

At what height will there be sockets?

The optimal height of the rosettes is 25-35 cm from the bottom. Strive to reach them handily, do not fall into your eyes, do not respect the furniture. Vinyatok - air conditioner outlet. Її toil more, so that the yogo cord reaches out and does not bobtavsya in plain sight. The excess cord can be rolled into the bay and put on the body of the wall-mounted block to the beast; The height of the placement of sockets is not regulated anywhere.

Do not try to “get it” superciliously - it’s better to change the superficiality of the wiring. Two groups, one each under the skin, quite enough. At the extreme vapadok - in one landing place there is a lost socket, but you can’t be budged like that.

Tool and materials

You will need the following tool to replace electrical wiring:

• Perforator with a drill for concrete 16-20 mm, a crown drill 90-100 mm, a chisel for concrete 25-30 mm and a set of drills, also for concrete.
• Bulgarian woman with a stake on a stone.
• Soldering iron for 40-60 watts.
• Phase indicator.
• Tester multimeter.
• Pasatizhі, twists and sideboards with insulated handles.
• Likhtarik.
• Mounting lower
• Budіvelniy rіven that cord for wіdbіvannya route strobіv.
• Spatula for smearing with alabaster.
• Portable light bulb.

About the materials next to talk especially.

Terminals

Describes the method of replacing electrical wiring, including twisting and soldering on the old, and the wiring comes out absolutely stable until it is blocked. All connections will be closed at the entrance shield (VS) on the terminal blocks and end points. Terminals are sold in sections of 10 contacts (5 pairs). You need 3-4 sections; rather, take three at a time, and come back by no means pizno.

When buying, pay attention to the material of the case - polythene of filth, be it any other way. And the top one - in the opening for darts, two darts with a diameter of 2.5 mm can enter. Rather, take the terminals with straight-cut openings, in which the darts are squeezed not without a screw, but with a special handkerchief.

Pіdrozetniki

Mounting boxes for sockets and vimikachi can be as good as they are, but the name of the mother is to step in, sob trimmed in alabaster.

cable brand

"Cool" and expensive cable NYM is not so cool: it is not possible to lay it in dry concrete (and de guarantee that the walls will always be dry?) and on the streets. To that on a choice - vіtchiznіnі cables VVG chi PUNP. The first road, ale yogo іzolyatsіya nadіynіsha. Ale th on the apartment, the laying of PUNP, there are no signs.

All cables are with single-core wires, and this is one of the ways to save money when replacing wiring: rich wires are richly expensive, and in the wall they are not necessary. If the laying of the wiring works for hire, then the stink of you guesses about yourself: thick cables, especially PUNP. Ale, you won’t be swarming. And if you are not shy and do not spare a little bit of humor, then you can listen: good electricians bark masterfully, not arrogantly for aircraft mechanics.

Video: Trochs about vide cable

Old pipe or new corrugation?

Old cable pipes together with wires are better than seeing without any pity: the pipes are not cleared for a cable with hanging insulation, often clogged, folded - flattened and wrinkled. More quickly, give їх and old darts after replacing them with metal brut: for the current prices for secondary metal, you can pay back, often or even more, rub on the corrugated hose for cables.

Corrugation is better to take metalevy: in case of PVC accidents, laying out at the wall without access, you can see the blown gases. And by grounding the metal logofri, you take away the shielded wiring more, so that you can overcome the necessary shortfall.

Entrance shield

VSC will be retasting the old dose at home. It is necessary for you to take a vodpovidnogo rozmіru: 4 automatic devices, 4 ELVs, 4 terminals and all kinds of wires will be located at the new guilt. At the assembly, open the VSC to open the ends of all corrugated hoses.

For other materials, you will need bavovnyan electrical tape (fabric), troch strum-passing mouth and alabaster.

Let's get down to the change

Repair shop

We need to provide electric power tools for an hour of repair. For this purpose, put on a plate or a piece of plastic plastic, attach a hanging or I will use the socket that automatic machine for 16 A with a shmat cable 4 sq. mm. So, we stock up on old ones, so that we got it from all the rooms, podovzhuvachem.

Let's start the apartment, turn off the plugs or turn off the apartment machine, manually add a dose of a lichnik, we will take it and we will name the darts of the lichnik. Before them, on a twisted screw, a clockwork is connected (twisting for an hour of repair is permissible), it is really insulating the sticks, and attaching a clockwork to the wall. Asking for an apartment and proceeding to work.

Note: for the sake of work, it’s better to hire a DEZivsky electrician, or work on the edge carefully - do not hang around with parts of the body and clothing, trim the tool only for the insulated parts, no lower than the intermediary ledge. І already familiar with the PTB and PUE. Remember: on an unscrupulous dart, be it a mith, a strain may appear! Quiet electricians, they couldn’t do it, or they didn’t want to understand, we don’t know anymore.

Shtroblennya and pіdrozetnik

Strobs can be made straight, horizontal or vertical. Pohili and crooked strobes lead to accidents and injuries. Horizontal strobes to lead for pіvmetra under the stele.

Trenching and drilling of walls are necessary for a goat or for drabins with beech stops, which are used by advertisers-barriers. Zvichayna drabinka in the form of a beetle susilla can spread, and you will fall down with an important tool, which wraps around in your hands.

Cordoni shtrobi carry out the grinder on the clay on the corrugation diameter and the width of the perforator bit, then beat the groove with a chisel. Use the middle cuts with a grinder to grind the slanting cut and beat the hole with a chisel, so that the vigin corrugation is smooth.

Holes for sockets near the stone walls should be selected with a crown; for concrete - with a chisel. The crown, having spent it on the armature, is all sagging, but the cost is not cheap. Viymka pіd vshch at the lіchilnik is also beaten with a chisel.

Note: don't choose under vimikachi underwire strobe. Where it is easier to buy a corrugation, until you see two cables.

Shtroblennya - the robot is already gausliva, that brudna is washed down. That її hour needs to be waited on by the courts. Best - for the first half of the weekday, if you have grown up on robots, and mothers with small children are walking.

Wire laying

Vіdmіryаєmo nіbnі shmatki cable and corrugation. The cable at the corrugation is tightened on the bottom. Then, at the hole, on alabaster pillows, we put socket boxes. Then we put the corrugation up to the cables at the strobe; end of wires we start in sockets. Nareshti, the socket boxes are housed with alabaster of equal wall, and the strobes with corrugation are covered with small pieces approximately every meter.

Note: if it is unipolar, then the end of zero (blue drіt) is immediately twisted, soldered and tripled with balls of insulating tape from the lower ball entering the wire by 15-20 mm and overlapping the balls at 50%.

At the end of laying the wires, we start the introduction of corrugations at the VSC, smeared with a conductive paste, we smeared it with a clamp on the screw, and the screw with a cut PE wire is connected with the grounding clamp of the VSC. We apply the VSC on the plate, open the fasteners, drill them, weave the dowels.

Znestrumlyuemo apartment, vіdklyuchaemo chasnik. On the vase, we introduce darts from the lichnik and apartment PE at the VSC; PE is attached to the VSC housing. We put the VSC on the plate, krіpimo. Provid vіd lіchilnik retelno іzolyuєmo, stowed in the body of the VSC. It's time to plaster; the apartment is vacant.

About dart congestion

Zero (Neutral, N) blue or blakitnim color, zahisny drіt PE - Zhovty from the bottom green swarthy. Phasing darts can be great, chervonims , black, brown. It is possible to win among yourself only one-colored darts. Phase-to-zero transition, phase-to-phase transition, and switching on the vimikacha at the opening of zero are unacceptable.

Plastering intermedia

Now the time has come for plasterers, painters, and gluers for tapestries. Abo yours, in a new postasis. Ale, it is necessary to stuff foam rubber into the sockets, papers or ganchirs are flush with the wall, and cover the top with a piece of plastic plivka, lining up the edges of the frame. The lichnik is also covered with a curve, but keep a close eye, so as not to seal the seal - we won’t end up with trouble with the energy service. Even though the seal is still poshkodzhen, it is necessary to help the energy sector negainno.

Completion

After plastering and painting, and trellis robots, and vshch, it will be worn out and glued, but it will be easy to smear and wirl the trellis along the contour. Cleaning out excess plaster, vimics, lamps.

Note: at the sockets it is accepted to plug the wires so that zero is closer to the window.

Then, on the terminal blocks at the VSC, we select the power supply circuit, but the introduction of the lichilnik is still not connected. THE SKIN GILK BEFORE THE INTRODUCTION TO THE TERMINALS, IT IS NECESSARY TO VERIFY THE TESTER FOR A SHORT Zamikannya! Now, for a short hour, the apartment is energized, the phase and zero are known by the indicator, which is to go to the person.

We know the liveliness, it is bred by the wires of different colors to the phase and zero on the terminal blocks. ONE TIME TO CHECK FOR A short circuit when the automatic machines are turned on, the main automatic machine is switched off, the apartment is powered up, the main automatic machine is turned on. Chi didn't "bang"? Pereviryaemo light, voltage in sockets and continue repairs.

And what can you do without papers?

Like a bachimo, a good part of the work from replacing the electrical wiring falls on the right paper. Ale, be a handy man, do not live in truth, ale, I’ll guide you to paper’s tug. So why can't you get by without papers?

No, you can't. Electricians have an eye on it. The first control is the testimony of the lichilnik - and it will be confirmed to your own, and then check for the visit of the inspector. Yogo well pіdbag - a great fine and legalization works for the fact that anіtrochs are not cheaper.

Replacement of wiring at a wooden booth

held in wooden booth- Cream theme. You can only indicate that the recommendations to lay the corrugation of the cable directly on the walls are completely impassable: open the meeting long, long ago fenced off in the whole world.

What can be done, like old houses and no cable channels? Close the cable hoses with wooden boxes. Chi tse will be decorative imitation of beams and ribs, chi is a simple plank in a kutka - on your right, but in power engineering with a singing creak you will pass.

Video lesson: do-it-yourself electrics in an apartment and a booth

P.S

Replacing electrical wiring is the easiest task for a home master. Taking care of her varto was more than likely to figure out how to independently develop the electric power scheme, draw up a plan for conducting it in a proper manner. In a different way, it’s better to hire specialists: self-indulgence cost yourself more, and, better for everything, not only not a penny.

Electricity distribution at the apartment - the most important moment, for some reason, be it a major overhaul Let’s look at it step by step, how to install the wiring near the apartment, and with your own hands, carry out the robots to trust professional electrician- lie to you.

We make a wiring diagram for the apartment

The head pardon of the maystrіv-pochatkіvtsіv is the wrong planning of the future work. With the folded scheme of the mesh, it is not possible to estimate the lighting of lamps and vimikachiv, it is necessary to transfer leather drier, so that the apartment did not have a chance to become overgrown with triplets and podovzhuvachi. That without an armchair, that rozrakhunkiv can’t get by.

Do-it-yourself electrical wiring at the apartment: instructions for folding the scheme:

1. We draw a floor plan of the apartment, we note the roztashuvannya windows and doors.

2. Schematically arranged furniture, plumbing and by-butov technique. Do not forget about the great accessories, so that the mirror does not lean on the place of the planned rosette of chi vimikacha. For greater precision, the energy savings can be seen with a red color. For example, yes.

3. Let's just ask for armchairs: we clean up furniture and other items that do not require a connection to the fence, and at the place of supply of electrical appliances, we note the sockets (single, hanging - everything should be laid down for a long time).

5. From the results, we took away the power part of the electrical circuit near the apartment.

6. Now we are responsible for the placement of lighting fixtures. Ring out, chandeliers are roaring near the center of the room. In order to determine the location of the wires for them, it is necessary to measure and divide the length and width of the room and indicate on the diagram of the line points. For applications with irregular geometry (G or P-like), it is necessary to add a room to 2 or 3 parts and to know the center on the skin gap. If additional lighting has been transferred to the connections to the wire without any socket outlets, please indicate on the diagram the number of accessories.

7. I lost my thought over the distribution of vimikaci. It was clear that stinks would be found at the entrance to the room, or if the zonal lighting was attached, then it’s more smut - vrahuvat, in some way the doors are opened, so that the burning of the light does not turn into a pile on the dotik at the outer dark. Vimikachi handily roztashovuvat on the internal walls of the accommodation (vinyatok - a bath and a toilet).

As a result of the preparation work, the fireworks of the little ones will be, on which the plan of the power line, the scheme for the placement of vimikachiv and lighting fittings will be taken.

Before speech, you are not friendly with armchairs, but on the “tee” with a computer you can do all the planning and planning in special programs, for example “Electric”, “DIA”, “sPlan”, “AutoCAD”, “Visio”.

Norms and standards, as it is necessary to pay for the hour of laying wires

According to current standards, the distribution of electricity supply can include at least 2 autonomous lines - lighting and power (socket). Moreover, up to one illuminating line, you can connect no more than 5 fittings, and a socket - a maximum of 4 (for tight fittings such as a micro-furnace, electric stove or machine, it is recommended to see an additional wire).

When putting together a wiring diagram for an apartment, do not forget about the standards:


The cable is obliged to pass through the stele, window, door openings and ducts with an opening of at least 10 cm, and through the underlay - less than 15 cm.

 Lay the next line horizontally and vertically under a straight line one to one, reaching the parallelism of the lines. Uniquely different weaves and interlacings (the gap between the wires is 3 mm in diameter). So don’t save money by laying the wire diagonally - it’s too great a move to forget it’s exact dislocation and destroy the integrity of the run with a banal flower.

Between opposing communications and electrical wires may be more than 3 cm.

 Wimikachi and sockets manually roztashovuvat at one height. There aren’t any singers for the standards here, but the vimikachi chime on your lowered hands, and the sockets are about 30 cm from the bottoms (vinyatok - high uplifts).

Conduction to vimikachiv is carried out to the beast, and to the sockets - from below.

 Grounding contacts of sockets at any time cannot be connected to water or heating communications or zero dart- Tse is not safe for life.

Ideally, bathrooms are not guilty of sockets, but if you can’t do without them, tell me about the vologozakhist.

In order to carry out electrical wiring in the apartment with a vlasnoruch, it is necessary to depend on the type of distribution.

Use 3 of the most extensive schemes:
1. For a variety of soldering boxes - the most economical option. The shield from the lіchilnik and the automatic vimikach is located at the skhodovіy clіttsі, and a live cable is connected to the apartment. In this case, the wiring in the apartment with your own hands from the shield is installed through the boxes underneath, which is located at the entrance to the skin room.

2. Corrosion-free way or "zirka" - leather electric appliance can see the vision of the wire (ideally - i automatic wimicach), which is started at the apartment electrical panel. This type of distribution is considered safe, does not affect the installation of separate boxes and allows you to control the electrical element of the skin. Ale, in practice, the veins are rarely used, the oscillators significantly increase the versatility of the project (the required overall shield and three more wires, lower with a boxed connection).

3. "Loop" - an economical version of the "zirka" transmission last connection a few electric currents to the infamous conductor, which will start up either at the bottom of the box, or I’ll put it in the shield.

Most often, there are combined options that are chosen individually for a skin project, depending on the specifics of planning and energy resources of the house. For example, for low-energy devices, you can switch on the connection to the “loop” cable, and for the great energy consumption, you can connect the “zirka”.

To make it easier to identify with the type of connection, it is recommended to group all electrical appliances according to the intensity, the specifics of the work (lighting / electrical supply) and the installation space.

For example, you can see other lines:
1) hanging living quarters;
2) lighting the kitchen and the corridor;
3) electrical supply to the kitchen and corridor;
4) electric stove, boiler and other iron fittings;
5) electrical supply of living quarters;
6) electrical supply and lighting of the bathroom.

Tse dopomozhe niknuta revantazhennya merezhі and novnogo nestrumlennya vsogo primishchennya, as it is necessary to carry out a private repair of electricity in the apartment. For safety, on a group of lighting and electrical supply of bathrooms and kitchens, it is necessary to install ELV - vimics of a differential stream (and ideally, it is necessary to provide them with all lines). The results may have approximately the same wiring diagram for the apartment.

Selection of wires and fittings

As you have done, you have built the electrics in the apartment with your own hands, to give respect to the brand of drota and yoga. For sockets, you need a wire of 2.5-4 mm, and for vimics - 1.5 mm.

The most requested today are two types:
1) VVG - a cable made of medium conductors, the skin of which is protected by a layer of PVC insulation.

Pluses: versatility of forms (flat, tricot, round, sector, square), fire modification (VVGng).
Cons: the best price.

2) PUNP (PUGNP, APUNP) - darts made of medium insulated cores, laid in a PVC sheath.

Pros: variety available
Disadvantages: materials can go out of tune under the hour of heating, and the shape of the dart is less flat.

And the axis of the rod with veins for aluminum (APV, APPV, APRTO) does not varto vikoristovuvaty when obshtuvanni home electrical wiring - stink just out of tune with the hit of the water and hourly spend mіtsnіst, scho causing zamikannya.

Krim drotiv, you need and accessories:
• Sockets and vimikachi (optimal option - attached type).
• Terminal blocks.
• Roose boxesіz zahistom vіd zayannya.
• ELV automation (for lighting lines 10A or 16A, for electric animation - 25A or 32A, for electric stoves - 40A).

How to conduct wiring in an apartment with your own hands

To know how to correctly install the wiring at the apartment, it is necessary to repair coming moments:
• Oblashtuvannya pіdlogi that stel - pіdvіsnі аbo tension structures, pіdlogі nіshі and boxes can become miraculous masking for part of communications, allow you to save on dozhinі spending that hour for laying the strobe.

• Refurbishment of the walls (together with a plaster ball or surfacing for additional drywall).

• Miscellaneous slabs - at panel booths you can beat the empty ones at the crossroads. Truth be told, their canal life can be deplorable - they might have to clean up.

• Bearing walls - destroy the integrity of the defense. That concrete overlap, especially in the spaces above the door and window openings, is problematic, before that, there is a risk of spending it in the wiring when the cornices are installed.

Fallow in view of these nuances, robots can be viconatized in a way that can be combined. Attachment installation be held in Novobudovy or at overhaul apartments, even vin peredbachaє shtroblennya stіn s farther їx stukaturyuvannyam and virіvnyuvannyam.

The algorithm works for conducting electricity near the apartment with your own hands, looking like this:
1. The strobe laying route is shown on the warehouse wiring diagram.

2. For the help of the rose cord, the scheme of the budіvel equal, the rosette is rushing.

3. According to the cut, strobes are made from a perforator, grinders or chisels with a hammer. The standard width and depth of the winding for wires is 2 cm.

4. Darts are laid at the grooves, fixed on the walls with special dowel-clamps or alabaster with gaps of 25-30 cm.

5. Socket outlets and boxes are installed, sockets and vimikachi are connected.

6. Selection of the entrance shield is carried out: the lines are equipped with ELV, automatic switches are connected.

7. At the final stage, it is recommended to conduct a "call-dial" of the electrics at the apartment with a multimeter. If you don't cause any problems - you can turn on the machine and try out the chosen mesh.

In a viable way, electrical wiring can be carried out by shove darts in corrugated pipes or close special cable channels. This method is most important for labor costs, but more complicated for planning - even if it’s difficult to decorate masculine structures beautifully. Therefore, the wiring at the apartment with your own hands is most often carried out in a combined way.

The first stop: after completing the electrical wiring in the apartment, keeping the scheme in the archives with documents - more than once, you will need more than one hour to repair and not only.

Possibly, you will be tsіkavі:

1. Renovation of the walls for the purpose of performing two functions: zahisnu - protect against deforming and zabrudnenya, and decorative - embellish the adornment, helping to create an exclusive design.