Working voltage of electrical circuits. Streak voltage in the electric circuit: reasons why work and how to get away

It often happens that the voltage in the apartment is "jumping". In order to understand what it is necessary to apply to a service company, it is necessary to know the voltage norms at the apartment. For a standard apartment booth, the voltage norm should be 220V. The frequency of the measure at the norm is to become 50 Hz. Іsnuє admissible v_dhilennya 5%, then vіd 209 to 231V, also є marginally admissible norm 10% (198 - 242V).

It’s important to note that it’s easy to finish the standard.

With a decrease in voltage, the electrical equipment will stop circulating or work intermittently. When the pressure is moving, the fittings can go out of tune and "burn". If the voltage at the apartment shifts, or it doesn’t reach the boundary norms, the vlasnik may have the right to return to the key company. Order dіy:

• The sergeant hunts down a scarga to the company, like a servant of a house.
• The electrician vimiryuє naprugu, skladє act vykonanyh robit, fix vіdhilennya vіd norma.
• Vlasnik gave an act to the KK for the adoption of the reasons for the elimination of the norms.
• As soon as the QC is in charge of rectifying the situation, the Vlasnik has the right to go to court.

Reasons for exclusion from the norm may be rich:

• Transformer voltage failure. At the same time, there are more radyansk transformers at the bagatioh booths, their tightness does not come out for safety bungalow through spozhivannya, scho zbіlshilosya. With the appearance micro-furnaces, electric kettles, computers, saws, etc. electricity costs have increased significantly. And the tightness of the transformer was lost on a colossal equal. The company servicing the booths is guilty of solving this problem by replacing the transformer with a larger one, or by installing an additional transformer.
• If the problem is caused by a part of the meshkants, then the reason may be at the toggle switch. Often, a special jumper is installed on transformers, for the help of which it is possible to regulate the voltage. This peremikach can get out of tune, for whose rahunok fakhіvtsі can't regulate tightness. Virishuetsya - replacing the toggle switch.
• Another one common cause Vіdhilennya vіd normi є perevantazhenіstyu sevnoї phase. When connected, an electrician can start a pardon and connect up to one phase for a lot of apartments. Then the voltage will be insufficient.
• Also, the reason for the lack of voltage can be burned wire. As the system of electrical supply has not been changed for a long time, it will be impossible to "call" all the darts to the presence of the stream.

In case of a fluctuation in case of an unstable pressure, it is necessary to explain the reason for the change in the norm of the voltage in the apartment. Let's go back to QC to solve problems.

Vіdpovіdno to interstate standard GOST 29322-92 z 2003 in Russia, the norm of voltage in industrial electrical installations at home can be 230 volts.

However, the real voltage in the electrical outlets of apartments or private houses is often the same as normalized values. Quite often, the voltage strips in the electrical circuits are tangled, and when applied to the voltage strips in the electrical circuits, they can burn out. How to prevent something from being seen by this article.

Dear readers! Our articles describe the typical ways of dealing with legal matters, but the cases may have a unique character.

How do you want to know how to solve your problem yourself - go to the form of an online consultant right-handed. Tse shvidko that bezkoshtovno!

Causes of viniknennya stribkіv naprugi at the fence

1. The widest cause of stress cuts in electrical lines is transitional processes, which are called soon, if a slower is connected to the line. The greater the tension the electrical installation is switched on, the stronger the amplitude of the voltage cut in the mesh. Apply: Susid having connected a self-contained brewer. The pressure in the measure falls, especially if the veins are repaired. And if you simultaneously turn off all the electric heating accessories in half of the bagatokvartirny house, then we take the voltage cut off in the electric circuit from the big room.
2. The reason is coming for the width - shaving chi vigorannya zero dart. The defect is detected through emergency situations on the lines of power transmission or, for low power, the installation of power supply systems for residential houses. With such a malfunction, it is possible to increase the voltage up to 380 volts through a nerіvnomіrny rozpodіl navantage on the phase difference in the electric line.
3. Another reason for the change in the standard voltage in the measure is a pardon for installation during repairs. If not a bad electrician, connect the phase of the merezhі to null explorer, then the replacement of 220 volts at the sockets will be 380.
4. united natural cause Overvoltage in the measure є discharge of bliskavka. At times, the magnitude of the drop lies close to the impact.

Nebezpeka pіdvishchenoї prirugi merezі obvious - go out of tune, do not vitrimuyut electrical appliances, starting with cheap lamps zazharyuvannya, ending with expensive computers and televisions.
And why is there a problem with low voltage?

IMPORTANT! The best way to reduce the voltage by electrical installations is tі, which you can have at your warehouse dvigun. In case of failure electrical shock force, the starting torque of the engine changes significantly (especially for asynchronous motors), the stench is not in the hands of the opir advancing mechanisms. The engine overheats and the windings burn. Nebezpeka such a result of hiring compressor units (for example, refrigerators or air conditioners).

Protection of electric meters in the case of voltage strobkiv: how to protect the stribk of the voltage and possible choke in them

How to get rid of tension in the fence? For goodness sake, know how technical, and organizational come in, allow you to protect the electrical circuits from the voltage lines.
Before technical approaches you can see:

• Vykoristannya stabilizator prugi merezhi. This attachment allows you to compensate haircuts in that chi іnshiy bіk. Best Models see a stable voltage of 220 volts (± 5%) to wind with drops in the line from 140 to 260 volts.
• Relay installation at boundary voltage changes. Such relays can be used to protect electrical installations during the exit from operation. When stabilizing the fence, the relay will restore the liveliness of the connected outbuildings.
• Installed dzherel uninterrupted life(DBZH). Such a goal is to allow saving the correctness of the butt technology to build for a new short-hour voltage drop. In BDZh zastosovuyutsya vbudovani rechargeable batteries. Vikoristovuyutsya mainly for robots with computer technology. So it is necessary to protect it and in the form of a reduced voltage and in the form of a strip of electric circuits.
• Vlastuvannya nadіynogo storm protection of life budіvel.

Prior to the organization visits, one can see:

• fixing before repairing that electrical installation robots that inclusion to the measure is less after re-verification of the external voltage
• pulling out especially sensitive outbuildings from the socket during thunderstorms

It's a pity that you don't have to worry about defending your equipment in case of malfunctions at the border.

Can you blow the beats, zapodiya as a result of the haircut of the tension?

How can you work when cutting the voltage in the electric circuit and how can you blow the beaters of the zipped by-button technique? Perhaps, the clear order is as follows:

Important! As soon as there is a voltage drop in your presence, call the emergency service in a negligent manner, inquire about what happened, and ask to register an alert. Call the emergency brigade, so that you can fix the fact of a malfunction in the power supply. Nadalі tsey zahіd serve as evidence at the court.

1. Vyznachte, who is the culprit of the subdivision of shkodi. As a rule, it is one of two organizations:
   electricity postal company;
   a company that provides electrical services at home.
   For the violation of this point, it is necessary to write a statement to the offending organization and vindicate the identified reasons for the faults. On the filing of the visa organization may 30 days.
   To determine the reasons for the failure, companies can create special commissions, or third-party experts will be involved, so that I will be able to improve the supply of electricity that technology, which was out of whack. One conciliator or a copy of the act of obstezhennia is to be submitted to the applicant.
2. Vіdnesіt zipsovanu by-butov technique at the service center and ask about the causes of the malfunction and the possibility of repair. You can conduct an assessment of the beat by an expert. The number of services must be included before the call statement.
3. Send the blame to the shkodi letters of the letter with the help of blowing beaten. Before the date, add copies of expert visnovkіv, acts of furnishing.
4. If a guilty organization (or a specific person) filed a lawsuit, or did not respond to a 30-day term, then the next step will be a letter to court with a summons to submit article 17 of the Federal Law “On defending the rights of survivors”. The second variant of tsієї dії is to be sent to the prosecutor's office for the protection of violated rights. At such a time, the prosecutor will draw up the poses.

Trappyaєєєє, scho to blame zapodіyannya Shkodi becomes a specific person (for example, susіd), yak independently carried out repairs and violated the rules for installation or operation of electrical installations.

As the culprit of Shkodi was the company-supplyer of electricity, then in the later statement it is stated that the appeal to article 309, part 1 of article 539 of the Central Committee of Ukraine, part 1 of article 547, articles 4, 7 and 14 federal law"About the defender of the rights of spozhivachіv".

If it is the company that is to blame for servicing the engineering services of the house, then ask for violations of Articles 309 of the Central Committee of Ukraine, Articles 4, 7 and 14 of the Federal Law “On the defense of the rights of spozhivachiv”, clauses 49 and 51 of the “Regulations on public services residents”, paragraph 5.6 “Rules and norms technical operation housing fund”, paragraph 7 of the “Rules for the establishment of a shackled lane at a residential rich-apartment booth”.

IMPORTANT: Sob it would be easier for the court to take a decision on your melancholy, before the call, declare additionally to obtain certificates of judges, as if they were in a similar situation.

According to the statistics, it should be noted that it’s easier to get used to it when you come home to protect your home due to voltage fluctuations in the fence, lower the hour and nerves in the court instances.

Peredmova

It is necessary to know how much voltage is in the measure for the maintenance of safety rules for the hour of technical maintenance.

Zmist

In addition, the voltage in the booth is too rich to lie down: practice butt fittings, service term fire safety. It is necessary to know how much voltage is in the measure for the maintenance of safety rules for the hour of technical maintenance. In this material, it is told about the voltage in the booth, the main technical aspects are examined, and recommendations are given. Ensure a stable voltage in the cell snake struma you can, spiraling to the base of knowledge and dosvid practical work. To trust that to regulate the voltage of the grid is the best specialist from the energy supply organization. Ale know about those, yak napruga in mezhі korisna and home master, for example, when replacing butovih lighting fittings.

For the transmission of electricity, dozens, hundreds, thousands of volts are strained at significant voltages. It’s not worth fighting for the help of specialists, but, first of all, for saving the material of darts. Chim more voltage, Tim is a smaller electric stream with a conductor (when transmitting one and the same energy, and one unit of energy), and the amount of heat seen by the conductor is proportional to the square of the force of the stream. Tse means that they would like to transmit electricity at pressure, for example 220 V, it would be possible to beat the darts, thinly grilled and burned. Ale tovstі darts at high prolls burst under the infusion of their vag. To that, electricity is transmitted at high electrical voltages, but in transformer substations, the voltage is reduced to values ​​that are needed (hundreds of volts). The voltage of 220 V is small in the case of the high-voltage transmission lines (330-750 kV), and this is sometimes called low voltage, but respectfully, “low” voltage is not “safe”. As if bare darts or other jet-bearing parts, which are under a voltage of 220 V, are bumping, an electric jet will pass through the body of a person. Fallen in the face of the struma, yak, at one’s quarters, lie down, in that number, and in the presence of moisture, the shkiri of the hands, and in the sight of the sunken skinny (that’s the support of the body of the people), there can be more deplorable consequences, right up to a deadly result.

Safety equipment, electrics and technical maintenance of electric systems

Maintenance of electrical appliances is most often included in the sphere of obov'yazkіv home master. Technіka bezpeka that elektrika in booth - tse dvі inconsistently pov'yazanі aksiomi, yah sled dotrimuvatisya. Technical service electrical wiring is to be carried out fahіvets, which may be the highest admission to work from the designated equal voltage at the booth.

Do not hit the darts under the pressure, turn on the heart of life and only sweat, after three to five seconds, proceed to work.

Do not rely on the insulated handles of the tool;

Don't use hand-me-down materials to insulate, just use electrical tape.

For an hour of work with electricity, dress up your boots on a gum foot.

Unique vologosti, applied to the vologda it is not safe to work with electricity, and with bare hands it is impossible to get close to bare darts.

Before the end of the work, analyze your actions and change your mind so that you haven’t missed anything.

Permissible voltage level in the three-phase line and at the basement

At the obmezhenyh minds (pіdvali that іn.) promoted insecurity damage with a strum to stop the tension less - 12 or 30-42 Art. Electrical voltage 12 respect the careless. A 36-42 V - the voltage value in the basement or in the premises with streak-conducting (earth, cement) underlays or walls, which is allowed for connection of stationary lamps from the chimney. At the garages of those other government premises with impervious underlays and walls (with stone, concrete or reinforced with impervious materials in the middle), a voltage of up to 42 V can be blocked for electric tools and portable lamps from a protected lamp, - here special transformers are used. Permissible voltage in a measure, you can be close to the cord, or you can change with a stretch of the doby, fallowly in the form of a support for turning on the fixtures.

Mіzh be a pair of phase wires dіє lіnіyna or mіzhfazova voltage, and mіzh be like s phase and zero - phase, moreover, the linear voltage is 1.73 times greater than the phase. If the line voltage is 380 V, then the phase voltage is 220 V. Three-phase electrical networks characterize the magnitude of the linear voltage, often following linear tension set the value of the phase voltage (380/220).

Voltage, V three-phase mesh at 380/220 V from a grounded neutral (zero drive) - the widest system; it is possible to ground other systems: three-phase 220 V from an ungrounded neutral without a zero wire or a single-phase three-wire 2 x 220 V from a grounded middle wire. In a system without zero, single-phase receivers are connected to either a pair of phase darts, evenly varying the phase shift, and three-phase - up to three phase darts. A single-phase system 2 x 220 should be stuck in small settlements that to spozhivachіv lead dvuprovіdnі vіdgaluzhennya - vіd grounded and vіd one of ungrounded wires; to the skin from ungrounded wires, connect the same number of supporters.

Speaking of those, what kind of tension in the measure is guilty of buti, next to indicate that the passage electric struma wires are accompanied by wires, and tse means - for example, the voltage is less, lower on the cob, then, on the cob of the line on the transformer substation, move the voltage according to the rated voltage on the cob. In the agricultural sector, for the majority of the population, a voltage variation of up to 7.5% of the nominal value is allowed, so at a nominal voltage value of 220 V, the voltage can be from 200 to 240 V. How is it indicated on the robots of various electrical appliances? Electric motors and lamps fluorescent lamps insensitive to the voltage, but for electric heating appliances, the heat output drops when the voltage is reduced, and when the voltage is increased, the term of the service life is shortened. Televisions and music systems, for example, may not work when the voltage is applied, so stabilizers are introduced into them, which will ensure their operation when the voltage is applied in wide areas. What is in the instructions to the equipment data allowable allowances voltage is not induced, it is important that the electrical receiver is responsible for properly functioning at a voltage of 230 V. The voltage in the agricultural environment often goes beyond the indication of the boundary. There is only one joy - zastosovuyte voltage stabilizers. You should choose for the tension of the electrical receiver, as a result of the stabilized voltage, often vicorate the stabilizers for maximum tension, with the improvement of the inclusion of lighting and all electrical appliances. And here the stabilizer is installed in the wake of the guards-automats.

The increase in voltage should be poured in and on the electric lamps of heating: otherwise the lighting is insufficient, or the term of the service will shorten due to the increased voltage. Therefore, the heating lamps are fired at a voltage of 215-225 to 235-245 (lamps with a marking of 220-230 V are used for operation at low voltage voltages).