Colirne marking phases pue. Why is it important to know the principles of color marking of wires

On the vіdmіnu vіd radyanskogo srednyovіchchya, if all the darts were thin, and the insulation was milky white, the hours of seeing that colorful dawn have come.
І, it was given b, є GUESTS or international norms, from і they would do everything right and standard! Zavdyaki tsomu could flourish for electricians, but there’s one more misfortune - alchemists who grow darts in quite a few colors ... Maybe, tezh nudguval in the black and white life.
In some cases, sets create the excitement of cheerful childish roses, but they don’t even look like a serious cable product.
Tse and viklkaє nebhіdnіst when buying cables and during their installation dotrimuvatisya simple and a lot of available rules color marking insulation of strum conductors. After the correct and subsequent switching, it will become easier to repair and maintain all electrical wiring. Let's take a look to what extent the rules are not correct, and how to respect them to the standards of safety.

The results of the lack of color marking

A spritny seller will not “vanage” a random purchase with such rubbish, like the color of insulation, more than “rationally” animal respect for the retail price - 20-50 kopecks and add that there is nothing more expensive to pay. The purchaser cannot remember the suffocation of such love, that such a “cable” and peretin are less alive, and the colors of the insulation are far from GOST.

As a result - promoted by insecurity strum damage through the breakdown of the insulation, the immovability of the fire and the line of the slut with the commutation, which leads to folding in operation, does not seem to be about the impossibility of repairs.

And yet it is necessary to commute everything for the improvement of the necessary zahisnogo grounding, then the color marking of the insulation is simply indispensable.

Wimogi until the correct color marking of the insulation

We can only look at the butt cables, without burying ourselves in the industrial sphere. At the same time, they can be both single-phase and three-phase lines, see that beastly respect for insults:

1. The line is three-phase.

In the ideal situation: phase A, B and C - white, black and red, clear, neutral (zero, N) - blue, and grounding "PE" - yellow-green. When the functions of the grounding and zero working conductors are confused, a two-color combination is established: yellow-green colors with black marks, which are applied during installation from both ends of the line.

2. The line is single-phase.

The constitution of a be-any electrician, PUE, unconditionally states:

• neutral (zero, N) - blakytnium;
• grounding (PE) - yellow-green;
• the mixing of the functions of the grounding and zero working conductors is indicated by a two-color combination: yellow-green colors with black marks, which are applied during installation from both ends of the line.
• Phasny conductor - brown or black, ale PUE allows red, violet, gray, rozhevu, white, orange and turquoise insulation.

It would be easier to feel better, but you won’t see it, because sometimes in one cable all three darts are “phase” behind the color.

І axis here to help and call to come simple rules colored marking of the insulation lived on the cable, which allows you to restore order and reach the safety of installation, commissioning, maintenance and repair work.

Correct marking on the "wrong" cable

Option 1 - "correctly" rolled up the electrical tape or the heat-shrink tube. Offended the conductor's office

Insulation of an unintelligent color orientation is simply wrapped in a pair of turns of “correct” insulation, or wrapped in heat shrinkage, which makes everything very clear – who is who. This way is especially kind, as if on one object they vicorate different cables with different color solutions. Everything follows one standard.

Method 2 is a non-moving (permanent) marker, which can be used on the stock exchange, or directly on the outer insulation, to clearly and intelligently identify the conductors (F - phase, etc.). Do not request to duplicate all the signs on the paper and save it for the coming generations of electricians who serve this object.

Method 3 - tags are branded, factory or hand-made. With their longevity and clear inscriptions, the stench of the wart, be-yakah vitrates that hour of strength.

Today it is impossible to fix the installation of electrical wiring without any other Quiet drotu(color insulation of conductors). The color marking of the wires is not necessary for the marketing campaigns for attracting customers, or to embellish the products.

Really different colors of wires - ce gostra necessary, shards of marking wires help to recognize the recognition of skin z them in the singing group for easier commutation. Also, when seen, the risk of a break in the process of installing wires is greatly reduced, and, apparently, due to a short flicker when the test is turned on, or if the strum is damaged in the process of repair and preventive maintenance.

Colors, selected for marking conductors, are specially selected and curated by the same PUE standards. In these standards, it is designated that the conductors lived following the difference between alphanumeric and color designations.

In this article, you will tell yourself about the meaning of the color of the dart. Varto signify that the switching of conductors has significantly eased after the adoption of uniform standards for color identification. The skin vein, with specific recognition, is now marked with a unique color, for example: blue, yellow, brown, gray, etc.

Most often, the color marking is applied along the entire length of the conductor, but it is also acceptable to identify at the points of contact, or on the ends of the veins, for which the cambric (color) is used thermotubes) or an insulator of different colors. In order to identify the type of application marks for additional pipes or electrical tape, it is sufficient to correctly select the color of the insulation marking when buying. You should also bathe yoga in the required amount, so that you can ensure the same marking of breeding in all the apartment or in the whole house.

Below will be looked at, like change the color of the dartat the merezhі postіynogo, single-phase and three-phase struma.

Colors of tires and wires for a replacement three-phase stream.

At power stations and substations three-phase meshes high-voltage rods and tires are loaded in the following order: phase "A" - yellow; phase "B" - green, and phase "C" - red.

What color of darts is “+” and “-” at the edge fast strumu:

Crimmerezh zminnogo strumu widely vykoryvayutsya and lanceugs postiyny strumu. Lantsyugs of a fast strumu zastosovuyutsya in:

1. At everyday life, at vikoristan navantazhuvachiv, elektrovіzkіv and electric taps, as well as at industry.

2. For electric transport - trams, trolleybuses, electric locomotives, motor ships.

3. At electrical substations - for supplying energy to automation.

There are only 2 darts at the line of the constant struma, shards in similar lines are the daily phase or zero conductor, and it is more positive and negative tires (+ and -).

According to the normative documents, red colors are filled with darts and tires that have a positive charge (+), and darts and tires with a negative charge (-) are marked with a blue color. Black color is the middle conductor (M).

The positive conductor of the double-wire truss is marked with the same color, which is also the positive conductor of the three-wire truss, with the same faults of the connection, only in that case, as the double-wire tether of the permanent stream is created through the opening of the three-conductor tether.

Colir drotu in electrical wiring: earth, phase and zero.

To turn off the wiring and simplify the installation work for the hour of laying the electrical circuit snake struma, vicorist rich darts in different colors of insulation.

The color of the designation of the darts it is especially important if one person is to be robbed, and maintenance or repair is another thing. Otherwise, you will have to constantly check, de phase, and de zero for an additional probe. Those who worked with the old wiring, know how much you can build, and even earlier, you had more black insulation. During the hours of the SRSR, the color of the designation of the wires was constantly changing, the docks were not assigned to a special standard. Now the skin color of the explorer shows its recognition from the darter.

Nini normative documentє PUE 7, which regulates the color marking of insulated or non-insulated conductors, de zgіdno s GOST R 50462 “Identification of conductors for colors or digital designations” is due to vicoristing only the names of those colors.

The main method of applying the marking of electrical wiring is the ease and flexibility of the designation of the conductor according to the whole country, which is one of the most important standards of PUE.

Below, it will be looked at what color is to blame for the conductors of the electrical installations of the zminny stream, with a voltage of up to 1000V and with a deep-earthed neutral (for example, wiring administrative functions chi living houses).

Colors of a zero worker and a zero zahisnogo explorer.

Null conductors (N) are indicated by black color. Nullian winter conductor (RE) is marked with yellow-green transverse or later females. Such a combination is liable to obov'yazkovo zastosovuvatsya exclusively for marking grounding conductors.

Sumy zero worker and null conductor (PEN) - blue color scheme along the length of the cord with yellow-green males in the areas of production or in the provinces. It is important to guess whether GOST today allows a turnaround option for brewing, so yellow-green smuga with blue color in the areas of production.

Yakshcho zagalniti, then colir drotu can be divided like this:

1. Podnany (PEN) - yellow-green with black marks on the ends;

2. Zero robot (N) - black (blue) color;

3. Zero zahisny (RE) - yellow-green.

Colors of phase darts.

Zgіdno s PUE, when marking phase conductors, it is necessary to change the color to such colors: turquoise, black, orange, brown, white, red, erysipelas, syria or violet colors.

Apparently, it is single-phase electric lanceug can be created by the method of dividing into a three-phase phase, in which case the color of the phase single-phase lanceug responsible for the color of the phase conductor triphasic lanceug.

Color identification insulation cover conductors are duly carried out, in such a manner, that the color of the phase conductor is easily adjusted to the color of the conductors N, PE or PEN. At the time of the selection of an unmarked number of colors, identifiers are placed at the places of the day or at the end of the day.

Tse is not safe, but the electrics are carrying heat and light in the booths. The inhabitant, sounding to the blessings of civilization, is no longer able to marvel at the center of the rosette, as if a rapt catastrophe has occurred, and there is no need to talk about color marking. Sob not to feel like a hero of a militant, as if he was shirking over a ready-to-vibrate bomb with a richly filled stuffing of white, blue, red and yellow-green veins, better understand the classification of the back.

All electrical cables are marked with additional colors

Tell me about those, like the earth, zero and phase in one connection appeared

The color marking of wires allows you to unreservedly identify who is who. When repairing, it is important to name three "participants" in the process of transferring the stream to our houses and apartments:

• phase;
• zero;
• grounding.

From the substation to the houses and other objects go electrical cable from five veins. Three of them are phase, one for zero and one for ground. Ale tsі pochatkovі 380 on the way to the apartment are transformed into 220, even if the replacement of three phases is left for each other. For the transfer of energy, zero phase is given, the function of the earth is careless robot systems during breakdowns and other emergency situations.

Unacceptable, and sometimes fatal, traces for a person to traipse, as if there would be direct contact with the phase. To this, the line is znestrumlena - the only chance to save yourself the hour of independent replacement of vimics and sockets.

Before carrying out the work on the electrician, remember to remember the color code of the wires

Zero wire nickname can pass a strum through itself, like before the new advent of attachments pulse block eating. But the pressure in this moment is small and there are no health concerns. Tse, vtim, not skasovu nebhіdnostі vіdklyuchiti supply of electricity to primіschennya. Oskіlki kolіrne markuvannya let's know the skin participant of the transmission of the strum?

White, black, black: up to the connection phase what?

The electricians do not pardon. Appointment for colors is a good way to pass the hour of repair and you can spend time on brilliance. Phasny wire is most often red and black color.

White, brown, violet, erysipelas, gray and orange, the colors are unsafe.

AT electric wires all the colors are different - the sign of the conductor of the phase. The list can be completed with a turquoise sight, and the most unsafe darts have been rehabilitated.

Knowledge of marking wires is necessary carefree electrical wiring repair

Even though information about those that mean black or red wire is easy to remember, then in other color days you can get help with a twist with an indicator. A light signal on the end of the device allows you to understand, which conductor is in phase and zero, and which is grounded.

Color of zero conductor

The color scheme for marking with a variety of green colors is simple. This color designates a zero conductor, ale wine works in a pair with a smaller color. Like a green-yellow swarthy drіt in front of you - the price is zero. More zustrіchaєtsya a combination of three colors.

In electric lines from a dead-earthed neutral of yellow-greens, a null conductor is wired. Youmu vіdpovіdaє i letter designation PE. Green-yellow dark-skinned conductor with black marks on the ends - the price of a zero-summer working conductor (PEN). Zero working explorer (N) can have a pure black color throughout the whole day without yellow-green colors.

Oskіlki combination of yellow-green colors can be entangled with plain wires of the same colors, they were not to be stuck when marking. A null wire can be identified by the letter-digital code 417-MEK-5019. In every mood, the badge will be equal to yellow-green smugs. Ale, it’s better to mark the river, if it’s zero, it’s good to take it into account in other wires in the form or in the obviousness of braiding.

The presence of an alternative leaves behind the yellow-green signs a palm tree like the best way to see the wires. Under the most difficult regulation of the hour of choice, the method of applying the color is given. On a drill of 15 mm yellow or greenery, the blame should be taken from 30 to 70% of the surface. The space that is gone is given a smudge of a contrasting color.

Black, white, red - leather of them is not safe

Black and white, like a red wire, in electricity they mean a phase conductor. Such a diversity is framed by GOST and conveyed that in small lancers The victory will be given to one of these colors.

• The black color vicory is found in the power lancers of the post-y and snake struma.
• Chervony color zastosovuyut at the lancers of the management of the snake struma.
• Orange zustrichaetsya in the lancets of the management of the blockade, which live in the presence of the splendid energy dzherel.

Work with electricity will require respect

For example, in the lance of the snake struma, the black color of the dart indicates a minus, and the red insulation indicates a plus. Three-phase transformer lines with five cores allow three different colors for skin phases:

• yellow color for phase A;
• green wire for phase B;
• The C-phase is marked with a red dot.

For cables for 380 V three phases, other colors of wires are required: white - A, black - B, red - C.

You can't forget about those standards that change from time to time, and the white color is one of the widest insulation mediums. electric darts. It is possible that an unsuspecting electrician could install wiring from such materials, forgetting to indicate marking in another way. Schob z'yasuvati roztashuvannya phase, happen to turn the indicator twist. Such information will appear in the Korisnoy.

Until 2000, such markings for colors were used for rock:

• white color - N-conductor;
• black - PE;
• іnshiy yaskravy vіdtinok - phazny.

Independent work

Know zero, earthing that phase to be brought often. As it was more guessing, non-balance did not cause it to be the cause of colorful straying at the wires. Vitrachati hour that cost to completely replace the essential wiring if you want not a leather housekeeper. Ale, you can wind up in your mood with veins with a different color of insulation, so that you can mark them after completion.

As a front keeper of the apartment, or an electrician, without transferring to marking, then whether or not after independent searches, you can recognize yourself.

Method 1 - colored electrical tape. There will be no problems with the purchase of a different color material. A positive moment in the light of yogo zastosuvannya th to the fact that forgetful home minds have a miraculous ability to grow on niy letter badges.

For correct connection electrical panels importantly dotrimuvatis singing rules. The main document for any electrician who is engaged in the installation of electrical wiring is PUE "Rules for the construction of electrical installations." Newcomer describes how to correctly vikonati electrical installation.

Krim PUE is necessary to know DERZHSTANDARD R 50462-2009. The document reportedly describes how colors and letter designations are allowed to be used for different darts and cables. This document has become less official in 2011.

The price is a new standard, which is rich in what it looks like from the front. On the right, in the fact that the color marking was carried out at the new GOST, it’s rich in what super-read Wimogam PUE. New GOST of expansions according to European standards, which are reviewed by vacancies. This often leads to confusion when installing electrical installations.

Marking of wires for recognition and color

Marking wires and cables, which are applied with a squeegee, are brought to the factory marking. This is the color of the shell and the letter designation.

Colors and letters of designation allow you to take all the necessary information. De і in yakіy yakostі it is necessary to vicorate the provіd.

Kolіr to avenge information about recognition of the dart. In most cases, color markings are applied to the entire dozhina drota. Yakshto provid not maє іzolyatsiї, markuvannya be applied at mіstsyah z'єdnân and on yogo days.

According to the basic standards, it is allowed to set such colors of darts:

Chornii;

rozhevy;

violet;

Orange;

brown;

Chervoniy;

Yellow-green;

Turquoise.

Knowing the color and letter designations means that the hour of installation work will be short, allowing you to turn off the pardons for the hour of the wire connection. Pardons can bring up to short chirp the staff electric jet the hour of the start-up work.

Zahisnі conductors.

For the marking of zahisnyh conductors, vicorist is yellow and green color. The stench can be inflicted, or across the conductor. Moreover, the GOSTs are distinguished by the need for spiving colors one or the other. Vіd 30 to 70 vіdsotkіv vіdsotkіv vіdsotkіv vіdhsotkіv vіdhsotkіv vіdhsotkіv vіdsіtkі vіd druta one koloru, rіshta surіvіі іnshоgo (on kozhn_ 15 mm dozhina). At the old standard, the vimogi did not guess.

For the new GOST, it is not allowed to zastosovuvat okremo greens and zhovty kolori!

Yakscho yak good guide zastosovuetsya non-isolation of the wire of another farbing - it is necessary to identify it for the help of a sticky yellow-green line.

Letter-digital designation - PE.

Zero explorer

When marking the zero conductor of the lancet in the vicarious struma, a blue color is produced. Yogo is often referred to as "neutral". The letter of designation is N. At any time, it is impossible to stray the “earth” with the robot “0”.

PEN or TN-C system

This is the grounding system, in the course of the next day, it is wired and working "0" for all days. The stench is yellow-green markings. The mission of the day is blue. It is also allowed to reverse marking: in all days - blue, at the end and in the months of the day - yellow-green.

The TN-C system used to be ubiquitous. Ease of installation was the first mission. Ninі in the first place came the safety of people. More and more wired systems are being replaced more and more often by five wired TN-S systems. It has "zero" and "zahisny" darts divided.

In some projects, I got it on PE and N on substations. Before the meal, eating is served by a five-wire cable. And most of all, it was filed at the central wardrobes from the opening machine (or roses).

Phase conductors

The color marking of phase conductors in triphasic lanceus is gray, brown and black. Like lancers, make a folding configuration, stop marking with other colors permitted by GOST.

Significantly accepted letter for the designation of the phase conductor - L. For a three-phase lancet, set the designations L1, L2, L3. For the Lantsyugs of the constant strum, the designation is L+ and L-.

Wire marking according to GOST R 50462-2009

The tables have the main types of conductors from marking.

Marking for technical characteristics

Cables and wires are marked not only for their recognition. On the oversized cable, sound the letter-digital designation, which can be used to designate its technical characteristics.

Letters of designation of vіtchiznyanoї products:

1 - lived material (A - aluminium);

2 - variety of drotu (M - assembly, K - control, etc.);

3 - insulation material (P - gum, P - polyethylene thin);

4 - protective construction (B - armored with metal lines, T - for laying in pipes thinly).

Digital identification of domestic products:

1 - number of cores (there are no first numbers on a single-core wire);

2 - pereriz;

3 - maximum voltage.

Designated for European standards:

N - VDE standard;

Y - PVC insulation;

M - mounting cable;

RG - booking agent;

C - shielding cable;

SL - control cable;

The price is the most wide-spread type of marking of cable products.

Marking of cable terminations

In industrial production, telephone, telecommunications, there is one more type of marking – marking of cable lugs.

When vikoristanny cables with a large number of wires, marking should be applied when connected to rose boxes, shields, roses. And if not, then it will be impossible to know the need for a vein. Especially tse.

Marking of cable terminations can be applied in different ways:

• for the help of a non-moving marker (cheap, but not long-term);
• for the help of a marker that self-laminates;
• with different marking elements (not suitable for all cable types);
• s vikoristannya markuvalnoe obladnannya (zastosovuetsya professional assembly organizations).

Implementation of the new DSTU designation of wires pluses and minuses

The introduction of new European standards significantly facilitated the installation of a new, modern facility. Ale, vodnochas, vinikla low problems in the maintenance of old electrical installations, mounted according to the old rules. It is impossible to replace the wiring on all old electrical installations. New GOST does not matter. It is especially important to adhere to the new rules of electricians with experience.

Previously, the phases of the darts could be of yellow, green and red colors. At the same time, yellow and green vicorist is less for grounding conductors. In working installations, the tires show the potential of the black color. At the same time, this color will stop the marking of the phase conductor. The problems of being recognized as a conductor can lead to an unfortunate drop. In order to avoid problems, it is necessary to give the alphanumeric markings and tires a special meaning. It is also necessary to follow up with respect for changes in the regulatory documentation.

Designation of conductors without marking at home minds

AT extraordinary life it is most likely to be brought out of the situation, if the marking is by-butovy electric lines vzgali vіdsutnya. Mustache conductors at the shield can be of one color.

In the old houses, the merezha is double-wired, tobto. without a badass dart. It is possible to designate some kind of “zero”, some kind of “phase”, you can use an indicator twist. This instrument is found at the skin booth. Upon contact with null explorer light bulb on indicator twist don't burn. When dotik at the phase conductor - spalahu.

If you have a ground wire, you will need a multimeter. With the help of yoga, you can designate the type of drotu - earthen rank zero. It is necessary to set the voltage value over 220 V. One contact is connected to the phase wire. The other according to one's heart is applied to two darts, which are lost. The null wire will show a value of 220, the earth will be lower than this value.