Zapobіzhnik is a whole electrical accessory that secures the protection of electrical supplies emergency situations, due to the output of the flow parameters (stream, voltage) beyond the given framework. The simplest zapobіzhnik is a melting insert.

Tse attachment, inclusions in the lancet, which are protected sequentially. As soon as the strum in the lansy shifts tasks, the drіt melts, the contact breaks, and the lancer's yard, which is protected, becomes so unshkodzhenim. Nedolіk such a way zakhist disposability zakhisnogo prilad. Zgoriv - the need to change.

Attachment of automatic vimikacha

A similar task is violated with additional help about automatic vimics (AB). On the vіdmіnu vіd disposable fusible zapobіzhnіv, vіdmіnі - dosit folded priladi, vіbori їх sіd vіd vіd vіd vіd vіd vіdіv vіd mіє kіl'ka parametrіv.

The stench is also sequentially entered by the Lanciugs. When the struma moves, the automatic vimikach opens. Automatic vibrations are produced with different design parameters and with different parameters. The widest of today's machines for mounting on a DIN rail (Fig. 1).

The AP-50 automatic watch (small 3-5) and many others are widely seen. The machines are released from a number of poles (lines for connection) from one to four. With this double and double polarity, mothers can automatically store at their warehouse not less than protection, but not protection of the contact group, as if vicorating for the development of neutral.

Warehouse and vashtuvannya AB

To the warehouse of more automatic vimics enter:

• manual control mechanism (twist for manual switching on and switching off of the machine);
• switching attachment (collection of rough and non-rough contacts);
• arc-extinguishing extension (lattice made of steel plates);
• rozchipluvachі.

Arc-extinguishing extensions ensure the extinction of the arc, which is established when the contacts are broken, through which the super-jet passes (Fig. 2)

Rozchipluvach - attachment (part of the automatic machine or addendum), mechanically connected with the AB mechanism and ensuring the opening of the contacts.

In warehouse automatic vimicachє ring out two bells.

The first rozchipluvach - reacts to the dovgotrival, but there is a small amount of tension on the line (thermal rozchipluvach). Sound your attachment on the basis of a bimetal plate, as if under a strum, which should pass through it, heat up step by step, change the configuration. Zreshtoy vain presses on the oppressive mechanism, which makes it open the spring contact.

Another rozchipluvach - so ranks, electromagnet. Vin ensures the quick reaction of AB on a short chime. Structurally, this rozchipluvach is a solenoid, the middle of the coil of which there is a springy core with a pin, which rests on a rough power contact.

The winding is switched on up to the lance in sequence. With a short fading strum, they grow sharply, the wings of which increase the magnetic flux. When this is done, the spring is supported and the core breaks the contact.

AB parameters

The first parameter is the nominal voltage. Automatic release fast strumu the one for the snake and the post_ynogo. Automatics for the fast strum of the hardened vikoristannya dosit rіdkіsnі. In butovih and industrial merezhas, they are vicorated mainly for the main AB for the replacement and post-strum. Most often vikoristovuyutsya AB z rated voltage 400V, 50Hz.

Another parameter is nominal strum (Ін). That robotic strum, like an automatic machine, passes through itself in a trival mode. The normal range of ratings (in amperes) is 6-10-16-20-25-32-40-50-63.

The third parameter is the building, which is included, the boundary switching building (PKS). Tse is the maximum force of the struma short hum, with such an automatic machine, it is possible to open the lancet without breaking. The primary range of passport values ​​of PKS (in kiloamperes) is 4.5-6-10. At a pressure of 220, it is necessary to provide a support for the bar (R=U/I) 0.049 ohm, 0.037 ohm, 0.022 ohm.

As a rule, opir wires by-butovy electric lines can reach 0.5 ohm, a short-circuit strum at a level of 10 kA is less possible at an uninterrupted proximity to electric substations. Therefore, the widest PKS is 4.5 or 6 kA. Automation z PKS 10 kA vikoristovuyutsya mainly in trade lines.

The fourth parameter that characterizes AB, the setpoint ce strum (setpoint) thermal splitter. This parameter for different automatic machines should be set from 1.13 to 1.45 from the nominal stream. We meant that for the passage of the nominal struma, the trip of the lancet robot from AB is guaranteed.

The setting of the thermal switch is larger than the nominal value, the most reaching the value of the setpoint by the real streamer, which means that the machine is turned on. The next step is to indicate that in automatic machines of the Radian period, manual adjustment of the setpoint of thermal protection was transferred (Fig. 5). Access to the adjusting screw in machines that are installed on a DIN rail is not possible.

The fifth parameter of the automatic vimikacha is the setpoint strum electromagnetic blower. This parameter determines the frequency of overshooting the nominal struma, for which the AB is practically mitt, reacting to a short zamikannya.

An important characteristic of the automaton is the purpose of spratsovuvannya struma (Fig. 6). Tsya fallow and two zones. Persha is a zone of high probability of thermal zakhistu. The peculiarity of її is the gradual change in the hour of the passage of the struma to the splitting. It was clear that the larger the strum, the more the bimetal plate heats up and the contact opens.

With the arc of a great strum (short fading) may be mittevo (for 5 - 20 ms), an electromagnetic rozchіpluvach is spratsovuє. Tsya another zone on our schedule.

After the setting of the electromagnetic switch, all automatic devices are divided into sprat types:

• A It is important for the zakhistu electronic circuits that lanceugs are of great length;
• B For outstanding lighting lances;
• C For lancers with reduced starting streams (motors and transformers of auxiliary fittings);
• D For lancers from the great inductive industries, for industrial electric motors;
• K For inductive coils;
• Z For electronic accessories.

The largest width is B, C and D.

Characteristic B - wicker for merezha infamous confession especially there, where it is necessary to ensure the selectivity of the defender. Electro-magnetic ripping of lashings for spratsovuvannya with the multiplicity of the strum up to the nominal value of 3 to 5.

When connected cleanly active interests(Light bulbs rozzharyuvannya, heating ...) start-up streams are practically equal to robots. However, when electric motors are connected (turn on refrigerators and sawmills), starting streams can be significant and call for a pardon for the machine to be used with an analyzed characteristic.

The most wide-spread automatics with the characteristic of S. Voni are sensitive, and at the same time do not give pardons for the start of the engine by-button technology. Such vimikach spratsovuє at 5-10-fold change of the nominal value. Such automatic machines are considered universal and can be found everywhere, including the crafts of objects.

Characteristic D - the setting of the electromagnetic blower for 10 - 14 ratings of the struma. Sound like this value is needed for the hour of wrestling asynchronous motors. As a rule, automatic devices with characteristic D are vicorated in three or four polar vikonann for zahist industrial merezh.

With a sleepy victorious automatic vimikachiv, it is necessary for the mother to be aware of such an understanding, like a selective defender. Pobudova selective zakhistu make sure the automatics are spratsovuvannya, which are closer to the accident, when the automatics are tightened, the tension is closer to the voltage, do not blame. For those who are more sensitive and quick-witted, automatics are installed closer to the comfort.

For the help of automatic hums, there is a bugatorian defense of electrical installations in the form of short faucets and revantazhen. In okremih vpadkah tsі pristroy can spratsovuvat in case of unacceptable voltage drops and other anomalous camps. One of the main characteristics of the attachment is the strum of the sprayer of an automatic vimikacha. In order to correctly understand the meaning of this parameter, it is necessary to know what kind of calculation and how it works.

The principle of diversification is recognized

Bezporednє elektrichne kolo zdіysnyuєtsya for the help of ruhomy and indestructible contacts. The handy contact has a spring that secures the opening of the contacts. For bringing into the mechanism of splitting, two types of splitting are used.

Thermal expansion valve, in fact, it is a bimetal plate that heats up when the stream passes through. If the strum exceeds the allowable value, the vigin of the plate and the mechanism, which is calculated, starts to work. An hour of yoga spratsovuvannya lie down in the stream. The minimum value of the electrostrum, if the spratsovuє rozchipluvach, may be 1.45 according to the value of the jet of the setpoint. Spratsovuvannya nalashtovuetsya for the help of a special gwent. After that, as soon as the plate is reached, the machine will be ready again until the next victorious.

Electromagnetic rozchipluvach maє mittevu diyu and wear one more name of distinction. This is a solenoid with a crumbling core, which is to bring about a mechanism that makes it possible. When a struma passes through the winding, the core is drawn in, which means that the value of the struma changes the threshold assignments. Spratsovuvannya vіdbuvaєtsya mittevo, in case of translocation of the electrostrum can become 2-10 times per nominal value.

Characteristics

The strum of the opening of the automatic vimikacha may be of no importance, if it is automatically vimknennya I will add. The value is determined by the addition of the nominal jet to the main lance and the value of the spratsovuvannya jet setting. The setting can be set at the factory or manually.

The strum at the thermal rozchіpluvachі is guilty of buti no more than the face value. If the nominal value will be changed, then the automatic machine will be spratsyuvanya. Shvidk_st spratsovuvannya deposited at the hour of passage of the electrostrum with the transfer of denomination.

Electromagnetic rozchipuvach spratsovuє mittevo, it is typical, mainly, for short flicker in the line, which is protected.

Testing automatic machines ABB, Hager and EKF

For zahistu pobutovyh electric kіl zavchichay vikoristuyutsya automatic vimikachi modular design. Compactness, ease of installation and replacement, at the time of consumption, explaining their wide width.

Zovni is such an automatic machine with a body made of heat-resistant plastic. On the front surface, there is a handle for tightening and tightening, at the back there is a latch for fixing on DIN rails, and on the bottom of the beast there is a screw clamp. Let's look at the article.

How does an automatic vimic work?

In the regular operation mode, a strum flows through the machine, which is smaller or equal to the nominal value. The pressure of life in the outer line is applied to the upper terminal, which is connected with an unbreakable contact. From the non-violent contact of the strum, it is necessary to close the ruhomy contact to it, and see it through the flexible middle conductor- On the solenoid coil. After the solenoid, the strum is supplied to the thermal expansion valve, and after that, to the lower terminal, connected to the bottom terminal.

In emergency modes, the automatic switch turns on the lance, which is protected by the trigger mechanism of the free opening, which is driven by a thermal or electromagnetic opening. The reason for this spratsovuvannya є navantazhennya or short zamikannya.

Thermal expansion valve- ce bimetal plate, which is composed of two balls of alloys with different coefficients of thermal expansion. When passing electric struma the plate heats up and bends at the ball with a smaller thermal expansion coefficient. When the given value of the strum force is exceeded, the blade reaches a value sufficient to bring the splitting mechanism into operation, and the lancet opens up, viz.

Electromagnetic rozchipluvach folded from a solenoid with a crumbling steel core, which is pressed down by a spring. When the given value of the struma is exceeded, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, an electromagnetic field is induced in the coil, for which the core is drawn into the middle of the solenoid coil, supporting the spring, and the opening mechanism is activated. In normal operation, a magnetic field is also induced in the coil, but there is not enough power to fix the spring support and retract the core.

How does the machine work in the mode of advancing

The changeover mode is blamed, if the strum is connected to the lancet automatic machine, it changes the nominal value, as if the auto-wimikach is repaid. With any movement of the strum, as it passes through the thermal opening, it causes a temperature increase in the bimetal plate and, obviously, the increase is increased right up to the activation of the opening mechanism. The automatic machine wiggles and rozmikaє lansyug.

Spratsovuvannya thermal zakhistu is not expected to be mittevo, shards on the grouting of a bimetal plate are needed for an hour. This hour can change in the fallow period depending on the value of the overshoot of the nominal value of the strumu in tens of seconds to a year.

Such a blockage allows you to turn on the liveliness in case of fluctuations and non-trivial movements of the strum in the lance (for example, when the electric motors are turned on, like a great launch of the strum).

The minimum value of the struma, in case of which one is guilty of maintaining a thermal sprayer, is installed for additional gvint at the virobnik plant. Call the value at 1.13-1.45 times change the face value, indications on the marking of the machine.

On the size of the struma, for which the thermal protection is used, the temperature dovkilla. In a sintered application, a bimetal plate warms up and bends to spratsovuvannya with a smaller struma. And in applications with low temperatures, the strum, with which the thermal expansion can be used, may appear more acceptable.

The reason for the overwhelm of the line is the connection to it, the total tightness of them outweighs the tightness of the line, which is being protected. One hour off different types iron-on-button equipment (air conditioner, electric stove, right dishwasher, Praska, electric kettle, etc.) - as a whole, you can bring to the production of a thermal heater.

You have to know your way, you can turn it on as a helper. Do not hurry up again to switch the machine. All the same, you can’t call Yogo in a working position, the docks of the wines are not cool, and the bimetal plate of the rosemary does not turn around at its own camp. Now you know at revantations

How to operate the machine in the short circuit mode

At the time of a short zamikannya іnshiy. With a short zamikanny strum in the lance, it sharply and bagatorizovo grows to a value, building wiring will melt, or rather, the insulation of electrical wiring. In order to avoid such a development of the undergrowth, it is necessary to pick up the lancet. Electromagnetic rozchipluvach itself so і spratsovuє.

The electromagnet rozchipluvach is a solenoid coil, in the middle of a steel core, which is fixed at the fixed position by a spring.

The bagatorase growth of the struma in the solenoid winding, which, when short-circuited in the lance, is brought to a proportional increase in the magnetic flow, under which the core is drawn into the solenoid coil, pushing the springs, and pressing on the bar to lower the mechanism. The power contacts of the machine open, interrupting life emergency plot lanceugs.

In this way, the spratsovuvannya of the electromagnetic rozchipluvach protects against fire and the destruction of the electrical wiring, which by closing the electrical appliance and the automatic machine itself. The hour of yoga spacing becomes close to 0.02 seconds, and the electrical wiring does not reach unsafe temperatures.

At the moment of opening the power contacts of the machine, if a great strum passes from them, an electric arc emerges from them, the temperature of which can reach 3000 degrees.

In order to protect the contacts and other details of the machine from the ruinous arc, the arc-extinguishing chamber was transferred to the design of the machine. Arc-fired chamber with a grate with a set of metal plates, yakі insulated one from one.

The arc is twisted in the mist of the contact, and then one of them collapses at once with a fragile contact, and the other one forges the back of the hand along an unbreakable contact, and then along the conductor behind it, which leads to the rear wall of the arc chamber.

There, it will divide (crush) on the plates of the arc chamber, weakening and extinguishing. At the lower part of the transfer machine, special doors are opened for the introduction of gases, which are established at the hour of the fire.

Once the machine is switched on when the electromagnetic switch is switched on, you will not be able to fuss with electricity until the feast is quiet, until you know and find out the reason for the short chime. The most important reason is the failure of one of the survivors.

Vimknіt usі spozhivachі and try to increase the machine. If it didn’t work for you and the machine didn’t ring, it means that it’s true - the wine is one of the guards and you have lost your self. As soon as the machine is turned on and the switches are turned on again, it means that everything is more folded, and we can rightly test the insulation of the wiring. Get shukati, de tse happened.

The axis is in the minds of various emergency situations.

Since the automatic vimikach has become a constant problem for you, do not bother yourself with the installation of an automatic machine with a great nominal stream.

Automatically installed to fix your wiring harness, i, otzhe, bigger strum your merezhі is simply not allowed. It is possible to know the solution to the problem only after the complete supply of electricity to your settlement by professionals.

Similar materials on the site:

How to choose an automatic vimikach?

Attachment of automatic vimikacha

Automatic vimikach (my electrician "automatic") is the basis of defense in the security forces electric lancers low (up to 1000 Volts) voltage. The total number of combinations of electrical devices that will combine the functions of the chemical zakhisnogo annex. Practically the whole system rozpodіlu and zakhistu by-butovoї electrical wiring prompted by automatics. I want to remind you that the main zastosuvannya machine - tse zahist tієї dіlyanki electrical wiring, how to know between the way out of the machine that spozhivachem. If there is another machine gun along the line, then our machine gun is guilty of protecting the village between the two with machine guns. In the event of a faulty revantation or a short flicker on the lancer’s distance, only one automatic machine is to blame, which protects the lancer’s distance.

How to pick an automatic machine?

Take a classic butt. Robimo repairs at the apartment (or in a private booth), minyaєmo electrical wiring and want to protect it from overwhelm and short flickers. Zvichayna in our days practice - podіl postings on kіlka hіlok іz zakhisty її їkh okremy automatic machine. The apartments often have sockets on the edge of the lines of illumination. Krym tsgogo, okrema line can be seen under the electric stove, another one under the kitchen sockets and sockets of the household unit, in the yak it’s necessary to turn on the most powerful electric appliances near the apartment: electric kettle, micro-hvilova pich, cleaning machine and etc. Next, indicate that standard electrical sockets are installed in our booths, ring for a maximum stream of 10 or 16A, and most of all, the weakest line of electrical wiring. Therefore, the nominal value of the machine, which protects the line with such sockets, cannot be higher than 16A, even if it’s a kind of drіt buv.

About material and comradeship okrema theme, here I’ll just say briefly: mid and only mid, for apartments and private houses, we take 1.5 sq. mm for lighting, 2.5 sq. mm - for standard sockets. Obviously, the ratings of automatic devices for line lighting are 10A, for lines that live sockets, 16A (for understanding, sockets are also 16-ampere). When tsimu vinikaє low nutrition. It appears that the skin outlet can only be 16 Amperes, but if so, the total strum of the group of outlets is also not guilty of overshooting yourself 16 Amperes.

Deyakim such an arrangement is not appropriate, and stink to put automatics on a larger strum - 25A and go higher. For deakim mirkuvannyami, tsgogo not varto robiti, navіt akshcho drota drota allowable to miss such a strum trival hour. We notice the situation, that in one of the sockets they built in some kind of hard power tool, some kind of strum up to 25-30A. I realized that with such a stream in rosettes, there can be non-receiving processes, right up to sleep, and the 25-ampere automatic machine does not recognize this kind of interference. Well, you see, but then again, if everything is already burning blue half-lights. It can be argued that there is no standard power tool with such a stream of adjustment, but the tool can be non-standard, and incorrect. And maybe it’s the same, that through the podovzhuvach to the outlet, connect a sprat of hard electric appliances at once with the same result.

To that, as it is transmitted, if the total strum of possession, one hour turned on to the outlet, will be more than 16A, then the correct decisions would be to divide the outlets into a sprat group and feed the skin group through an okremy automatic machine. Requires a mother on the street, which is for sale - 16, so 10-ampere sockets. I won’t say that the stench is filthy, just the stench is charged for the maximum stream of tension, which is 10 A. For such sockets, it is permissible to lay the wiring with a cut of 1.5 mm 2, but the machine can be 10-ampere in this outlet. Shchodo podovzhuvachiv. Even more often you can use cheap options, cutting the cord of such a stretcher 1 mm 2 more or less. Sami podovzhuvachi zvuchite zakhista not toil. Therefore, give such a win with special care, understanding, that the automatic machine does not protect them.

Marking of automatic vimics

On the case of the machine gun, we can make some mysterious inscriptions. Below are the head numbers:

Decryption:

1. Nominal strum machine
2. Specification
3. Maximum strum included
4. Inclusion class.

Crimium listed above, on the body you can see the logo of the picker and the type of machine, as well as a short schematic representation, which shows, where there is an unruly contact (in case of vertical rotting, it is accepted to roztashovuvat the beast) and how to roztashovani rozchіpluvachi schodo kontaktiv. Zatisknі kontaktnі gvinti can be closed by curtains (marvelous extreme left hand automatic), tse zruchno for sealing. The hull sings to fight with polystyrene - in my opinion, not the best material for an outbuilding, which can decently heat up.

Nominal strum machine

The time has come to rise to the occasion, which really means the nominal strum of the machine and what will be the strum of spratsovuvannya zakhistu. The pardon has been expanded - often people wonder what the nominal strum is the spratsovuvannya strum. In fact, the automatic vimikach does not work in any way at a nominal stream. More than that, the wine does not work for 10% revantation. With a great desire, the machine will turn on, but it does not mean that it will turn on automatically. The typical modular automatic machine can have 2 differences: more thermal and electromagnetic, which react quickly. Thermal expansion at its core is to cover a bimetal plate, so that it heats up in the stream that passes through it. As soon as the plate is heated, it bends, and when it is in the right position, it pours onto the clasp, and the vimikach turns on. The electromagnet rozchiplyuvach is a coil with a core, which is drawn in, which, with a great stream, also pours into the jag, which turns on the machine. Likewise, the recognition of a thermal switch - turn on the automatic switch for an hour of advancement, then the order of the electromagnetic switch - switch on at short flickers, if the value of the struma exceeds the nominal value by a factor.

A number of nominal values

I had to install an automatic switch with a nominal value of 0.2A. Incrementally, the modular automatic advance denominations were reduced: 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.6, 2, 2.5 3, 4, 5, 6, 6.3, 8, 10, 13, 16, 20, 25, 32 50, 63 , 80, 100, 125 Amp. To say what the ratings are for a single standard series, like, for example, E6, E12 for resistors or capacitors, I can’t. Stick whoever. With automatic weapons higher than 100A, the situation is approximately the same. The maximum rating of the machine, recognized for work in the range of 0.4 kV, is 6300A. The power supply to the transformer is 4MVA, and we do not shy away from the larger pressure transformers for the voltage, the boundary.

Specification

Sensitivity of electromagnetic rozchіpluvachіv is regulated by a parameter, which is called the characteristic of spratsovuvannya. Tse important parameter, and on the new varto, the trochs will be trimmed. The characteristic, sometimes called a group, is denoted by one Latin letter, on the body of the machine її is written right in front of the nominal value, for example, written C16 means that the nominal stream of the machine is 16A, the characteristic (largest, before speech, is expanded). Smaller popular automatics with characteristics B and D, more importantly, these are three groups and there will be strumovy zahist of butovy merezhes. Ale ¾ automation and s іnshimi characteristics.

Vіdpovіdno to wikipedії, automatic vimikaі podіlyayutsya on such tipi (klasi) after the strum of mitt's splitting:

• type B: over 3 · I n up to 5 I n inclusive (de I n- nominal stream)
• type C: over 5 · I n to 10· I n inclusive
• type D: over 10 · I n up to 20 I n inclusive
• type L: over 8 · I n
• type Z: over 4 · I n
• type K: over 12 · I n

For this reason, Wikipedia refers to GOST R 50345-2010. I have specially re-read the whole standard, but not about the types of L, Z, K, I don’t think again. I don’t watch for such vending machines for sale. In European vineyards, the classification can be somewhat different. Zokrema, є appendage type A(Monday 2 I n until 3 · I n). In the okremikh virobniks, additional inclusion curves are studied. For example, at ABBє automatic scaling with curves K(8 - 14 I n) and Z (2 - 4 I n) that comply with IEC 60947-2. Zagalom, matimemo on uvazі, scho creme B, C і D іsnuyut іnshі curves, but in danіy stattі we will consider only tsі. Wanting the curves of the same by themselves - the stench vzagali show the staleness of the hour of spratsovuvannya thermal expansion in the stream. The difference is less in that, to which the sign is crooked, after which it is sharply shaved to a value close to zero. And the axis and the charts themselves:

This is the average schedule, which really allows for a deaky rozkid for an hour to spratsovuvannya thermal zahistu. What is the next mother in the country, choosing the characteristic of inclusion? Here, the launcher of the stream of possession comes to the fore, as we choose to turn it on through this automatic machine. It is important for us that the starting strum at the sum with the other strums of the lancet lancet does not show up more than the strum of the spratsovuvannya of the electromagnet ratchet (strum of the discharge). It’s easier then, if we know for sure what will be connected to our machine, but if the machine is protecting a group of sockets, then we can only let it go, if it will be turned on there. Obviously, we can take it from the reserve - put the automatic group D. But it’s far from a fact that the strum of a short hum in our lance here on a distant rosette will be sufficient for spratsovuvannya vіdsіchennya. Obviously, after a dozen seconds, the thermal flare will heat up and turn on the lance, but for the purpose of carrying out, there will be serious tests, that flare up in the mist may become. So you need a compromise. As practice has shown, for the protection of sockets in living quarters, offices - where there is no transfer of a hard-wired electric tool, industrial equipment - it is best to install automatic group B. є dosuzhnі transformers, electric motors, there є i start jets. Automatic group D should be put there, de є possessing important minds to launch - conveyors, elevators, heroes, and tying it up.

Look at the next picture, I’ll go for a change in the front, here it shows the parameterization of the thermal protection of the automatic switches:

Return respect for two numbers to the beast of the schedule. Tse is an important number. 1.13 - this is the multiplicity, lower for which no reference machine can in any way be used. 1.45 - this is the multiplicity, for whichever automatic machine is guaranteed to work. What do they really mean? Let's look at an example. Let's take a 10A machine. If we pass through the new strum 11.3A, or less, we will not be included in any way. For example, we can increase the strum to 12, 13 or 14 A - our machine can turn off in a certain hour, or maybe not turn off at once. If the strum override value is 14.5A, we can guarantee that the machine will turn on. Naskіlki shvidko lie in the form of a particular instance. For example, with a struma of 15A, an hour of spratsovuvannya can become from 40 to 5 whilins. So if you want to complain that a new 16-amp automatic machine does not work at 20 amperes, it’s not necessary to beat it marno - the automatic machine does not need to be spratsovuvat at such a multiplicity. More than that, the graphs and figures are normalized for the temperature of the medium, which is as high as 30 ° C, at lower temperatures the graph shifts to the right, and at higher temperatures - to the left.

Jet exchange class

Rush away. Electromagnetic rozchipluvach, although it is called mittevim, but also may be the first hour of spratsovuvannya, which shows such a parameter, like a class of obezhennya. Vin is indicated by one digit and in some models this digit can be found on the body of the device. Basically, automatics are released at the same time with a class of strumming 3 - it means that in an hour the strum reaches the value of spratsovuvannya until the full opening of the lancelet, an hour has passed no more than 1/3 of the last period. At a standard frequency of 50 Hertz, the output is close to 3.3 milliseconds. Class 2 shows the value of 1/2 (about 5 ms), sing-song, osnuyet and іnshі, but I don’t know about them. For deakim dzherelami, the marking of this parameter is equal to class 1. I called this parameter not the class of the streak, but the swidcode of the hand. It would be better if it was faster, then better. Really, sometimes it’s a sense to put an automatic machine out of the most necessary spratsovvannyam - it’s worth the group automatics, so that in case of a short circuit, the stink lines come out at once from the automatic line, tobto. sob bula selectivity. Although there are no guarantees that a submachine gun with a lower class will do better than an automaton with a greater class. Therefore, selectivity, depending on this parameter, I will not become bi, there are no official recommendations.

Maximum strum included

Another important parameter is the maximum turn-on stream. This parameter to the great world reflects the quality of the power part of the automaton. Call at the distribution network, we will be proponuyutsya automatically with a strum, switching on up to 4.5 or 6 kA. Sometimes cheap models are used with a building, which includes, in 3 kA. I want a strum of short circuits in the minds of the buttocks to rarely reach such values, nevertheless, I don’t raja vikoristovuvaty zadatnistyu, which I see, is less than 4.5 kA. Therefore, if the property is small, then there should be a small area of ​​contacts, and arc-extinguishing chambers of a larger size, etc.

De come automatic?

It is not a problem to buy an automatic vimikach with characteristic C sound - the stench is presented in a sufficient assortment in everyday and government stores and on the markets. Automatically with characteristics B, D are also recorded in these areas, but rarely do it. You can find it at firms or at small specialized stores. And you can buy it in the ABC-electro online store. Each shop has practically all automatic machines of all ratings and characteristics. It is worth noting that the values ​​​​of 6, 10, 16, 25, and 8, 13, 20 Amperes are not only important to us, and they are often not used for ensuring the safety of selectivity.

Fallow storage due to the extreme temperature

One more point, which is often forgotten about, is the importance of the thermal protection of the automatic machine in view of the temperature of the superfluous medium. And there is a sutteva. If the machine and the line, which is being protected, are in the same place, then there is nothing to worry about: when the temperature drops, the sensitivity of the machine changes, then the strength of the drone increases, and the balance is more or less saved. Problems can be the same, if the wire is in the heat, and the machine is in the cold. Since such a situation may be possible, it is necessary to make an amendment. Apply such fallows pointing below on the graph. Accurate information about a specific model needs to be seen in the passport from the virobnik factory.

Number of poles of the machine. After that parallel connection of poles and automatic

The machine can have 1 to 4 poles. The leather pole may be thermal, and so is the electromagnet rozchipluvach. When one of them spratsovuvanni all poles turn on at the same time. It is also possible to turn on all the poles at once with one single handle. There is one more variety of automatic machines - so called 1p + n. This automatic machine synchronously switches 2 darts: phase and null, but there is only one - only on the phase contact. When spratsovuvannі rozchіpluvach offensive contact rozmikayutsya. Irrespective of those who pass 2 darts through such an automaton, the wine is not considered bipolar.

Can you reverse the poles in parallel with what in sequence? It's possible, it's possible. Ale for whom you need a mother for a reason. For example, with the inclusion of an inductive bias, or just in the case of a bias, or a short flicker - that is the same, if a great strum is brought to light, an electric arc is formed. For її rozryu є arcing chambers, but all the same, do not go through obscurity - contacts can burn, they can turn hot. If we connect the poles in sequence, then the arc will split between them, it will be more extinguished, the contact wear will be less. Up to a small amount of this method, it is possible to increase the losses - after all, there is a drop in voltage on the contacts ¾, and a higher strum, the more tension is spent on them (sound the sprat of watts on the strums 10-100A, turn on the virobnik this information at the passport). Parallel to the closing of the poles, sound the same, if there is no automatic machine of the required nominal value, but also an automatic machine of a smaller nominal value, or with "zayvimi" poles. At the same time, it is recommended to multiply the nominal stream of one pole by 1.6 for 2 parallel poles, for 3 - by 2.2, for 4 - by 2.8. It is possible, in some emergency situations, to leave the camps, but in the first year of the year, it is necessary to replace such a substitute with an automatic machine of the required nominal value.

More folding on the right with parallel i last day automatic Obviously, you can come up with a situation and try to find a way to launch two or more automatic machines in parallel, but I’m not happy to see such an option. How to split the stream, which will be followed by the inclusion of one of the automatic machines - everything is sumnivny and importantly transferred. Sequentially turn on the automatic smarter. For example, it is possible to increase the arrogance of the defender: in case of failure of one of the automatic machines, the other one is insured. Ale, don’t sound so shy, but like insurance, a group machine is being looked at. Until then, the automatic machine itself saves a lot of electricity for a day, so the additional automatic machine - all the additional expenses.

The pressure of rozsiyuvannya of automatic vimics

For the butt, I’ll give the passport value of this parameter for automatic machines VA 47-63 (the value is given for new automatic machines with strum values ​​equal to the nominal one):

Nominal jet In, A	Rose pressure, W
	1-pole	2-pole	3-pole	4-pole
1	1,2	2,4	3,6	4,8
2	1,3	2,6	3,9	5,2
3	1,3	2,6	3,9	5,2
4	1,4	2,8	4,2	5,6
5	1,6	3,2	4,8	6,4
6	1,8	3,6	5,5	7,2
8	1,8	3,6	5,5	7,33
10	1,9	3,9	5,9	7,9
13	2,5	5,3	7,8	10,3
16	2,7	5,6	8,1	11,4
20	3,0	6,4	9,4	13,6
25	3,2	6,6	9,8	13,4
32	3,4	7,5	11,2	13,8
35	3,8	7,6	11,4	15,3
40	3,7	8,1	12,1	15,5
50	4,5	9,9	14,9	20,5
63	5,2	11,5	17,2	21,4

Yak bachimo, automatic vimikach tezh want to eat. That’s not the way to hobble and to build automatics creaking, where it’s possible. Where do you spend? The main part falls on the thermal expansion. Ale does not need to overly dramatize the situation. Use a proportionate struma that flows through. To that, for example, the profitability is 2 times less than the nominal one, then the spending will be two times smaller, and for the cost of the profitability there will be no spending. If you can see them in a high-width view, then there will be values ​​​​close to 0.05-0.5%, moreover, the smallest vіdsotok in the tightest automatic machines. At the contacts themselves, while the machine is new, spend insignificant. Ale, in the process of exploitation, the contact is increased, the transitional support is increased, and with it, it is increased and spent. Therefore, at the old machine, you can spend a lot more money. To the point, it’s easy to spend money - it’s necessary to reduce the voltage drop on the automatic strum that will pass through it. At home, I work for an additional axis of such an inexpensive accessory, which will take a multimeter and strumming pliers in my own.

So - a cheap Chinese shirvzhitok, an ale for butt purposes, a whole appendage.

Vybіr vending machine for pushing (struma)

If you want the main recognition of the machine - the purpose of the electrical wiring, for the singing minds, it is possible to increase the automatization of the streamer of the charge. It is possible in quiet situations, if the line, which enters the machine, is recognized for the life of one particular electrical appliance. In the butovyh merezhakh, you can have an electric stove or an air conditioner, a verstat, an electric boiler, etc. As a rule, we are given the nominal strum of an electrical appliance, or we can calculate it, knowing the intensity of the tension. So, as the wiring is selected with a small margin, then in this case, the nominal value of the machine will sound less than what we would take away, rozrakhovuychi on the allowable wire. Therefore, in the event of any flickering in the middle of the electrical appliance, or else our zakhist spratsyu overwhelmed, zahistiv yogo from a distant ruin.

Selection of automatic machine for electric drive (electric motor, solenoid valve too)

As for the advantages of a lance, it is an electric motor, it is necessary to remember that the starting jet of the motor is several times larger than the nominal one, so in this mode it is necessary to turn automatically with characteristic C, and in the other modes (not on the butt) turn D. dviguna. Yogo can be read on the table, or dyed with gnostic ticks. Vimiryuvaty strum is necessary for a driven engine, do not forget. I realized that the exact performance of the machine gun strum dvigun not go, choose the closest value. Deyakі vrobniki declare automatically with special characteristics especially for electric motors. If you want, with a detailed look, qi characteristics will sound like an average between C and D. The strum will not be bigger than the starter one, and the thermal zakhist may not be caught - overheating of the windings of the engine is already too fast. That electric motor needs an addendum to look for a special, swed-coded thermal (or electronic) relay. Such rules should be followed when choosing an automatic machine for an electromagnetic drive (various valves, curtains, etc.).

Vibrators of automatic vimics

Great automatics - this is the whole topic, here we look at the versibilities exclusively in the context of modular products. On the post-tradyansky space such brands as ABB, Legrand, Shneider Electric have proven themselves well. Call the products of these companies to recommend you, if you ask for more. W Russian vineyards The whole set of decent equipment is prepared by KEAZ, Kontaktor, DEKraft. The most unfortunate remarks from IEK - singsongly, fairly, wanting the stink of the sale, perhaps, the most, the lowest price.

Good afternoon, dear friends!

Today, I will continue to tell you about the automatic vibrations of the light, the support of the “phase-zero” loop.

In the rest of the article, I referred to the “phase-zero” loop support, I said about the hour-strum characteristics of automatic vibrations. Today I will give the following characteristics for the buttstock for the machine type BA47-29:

For skin automatic vimicach, this characteristic is its own. Call out to point in your passport at the machine, looking like a little one is shown. Tobto. є deaky rozkid at the parameters. How can you remember the rozkid tsey dosit great.

- for the characteristic "B" the strum of the discharge (the strum of the electromagnetic blower) can be changed in the interval from 3Ін to 5Ін;

- For characteristic "C" - from 5In to 10In;

- for characteristic "D" - type 10In to 14In.

Also, if we choose a short-blink stream for a particular line, you may be satisfied with the parameters of the automatic switch (but sufficient for this connection), but you will not be satisfied.

The real characterization of the fallow time of the application of an automatic vimikacha in the stream that flows through it, for a particular skin automaton, can be taken only by way of re-verification of the parameters of this automaton.

But a lot of laboratories are not able to test automatic vimics. And, apparently, the stench is not to be robbed of such a mind. Walking is simple. To re-check the performance of the automatic switch to the parameters of the line (possible strum of a short streak), the upper value of the streak of the indicator should be selected, tobto. For characteristic "C" ce 10In. Such a pіdkhіd tsіlkom vpravdany, tk. The machine singsongly turns on at the strum of a larger possible strum of spratsovuvannya rozchіpluvach, but sometimes it’s not enough for a day. Because the strum of a short hum is smaller than 10In, then, when the line is being wired correctly, it is necessary to replace the automatic strum with a clear one. If you want to check the hour of rechecking the automatic vimikacha, you can ask. scho strum spratsovuvannya yogo to become, for example, 7In and in tsomu vpadku even with us strumming the strum of a short flicker, the automaton is guilty of fading out, tobto. replacement of the machine was not necessary.

Let's turn to the hour-strum characteristic. It is permissible that we carried out a re-verification of the machine and, after changing the parameters, took away its individual characteristic (it was shown with a green line on a little one).

What are you giving us?

Zgidno from PUE p.1.7.79 hour automatic switch-on living in the TN system is not guilty of changing the value of 0.4 s at phase voltage 220V, ale in lancets, to live rozpodіlnі, groupovі, podovі and іn. shield those shields, the hour of inclusion is not guilty of revisiting 5s.

In this order, there may be two points on the characteristic 0.4 and 5s. Depending on the location of the installation of an automatic vimikacha, it is obvious that the point is necessary for us and we know in this point the spratsovuvannya of an automatic vimikacha.

From the characteristics we have taken (green line), it can be seen that the machine turns on in 0.4 s at a sevenfold par strumu, and for 5 s with strumi 4.5 In.

Once again, let's say often asked: How to vimiruvati opir loops "phase-zero"?

Knowing the opir loop "phase-zero" like a lance (line), you can know the strum of a short chime, which in this line can open up. And if you know this strum, you can get advice on the power supply: how do you set up an automatic switch for this line and for a certain hour.

Axis today and all. For example, ask questions, ask.