Installation of water fire extinguishing systems. Automatic water fire extinguishing. Sprinkler system

Water fire extinguishing is carried out to an effective, blissful and universal method of extinguishing fire fires. This is one of the economically viable options (the variety of inflammable speech is minimal).

Variation of water (sprinkler) fire extinguishing

For extinguishing fire at museums, archives and server facilities, libraries, objects with a large number of electric power, this method is not acceptable. Gasinnya pozhezh s vikoristannyam drive for wine tsikh factors - a popular and demanding method.

Pozhezhnogashіnnya with water: troubles that sphere of zastosuvannya

Water fire extinguishing vikoristovuєtsya on industrial and everyday objects, at warehouse premises, zamіska budinki.

The middle part of the liquidation method is the following:

• vіdsutnіst zapodіyannya shkodi vlasnostі that lane;
• low varity (collaboration of inflammable speech - water is minimal);
• security;
• universality (winning rich objects);
• ease of installation and low technical maintenance.

In addition, complexes of water fire extinguishing can be used in hospitals and on objects with a large number of people, including in clinics, hospices, nursing homes. The use of powder and gas systems in these applications is unacceptable.

Varieties of water fire extinguishing installations

At the present time, the most needed installations of water fire extinguishing are of two types: sprinkler and drencher.

sprinkler installation constructively looking like a collection of pipelines connected among themselves, water has been pumped in from the yak. Through the gaps, the pipes are inserted zroshuvachi. The principle of operation of such a system is the following:

1. At the time of the appearance of cavities, the temperature of the host rises.
2. There is an expansion of the radii at the castle, for what reason the capsules are ruined.
3. A path opens up at the place of inflammable speech.
4. After that, as the sawing of the water starts, the pressure on the system falls, so that the pumping complex of the water supply will be brought to the autonomous mode.

As materials for the preparation of pipes, vicorist steel or high-cost plastic up to a temperature increase. Gate valves - elements high rіven vice on the pipes. Among the most important features of sprinkler installations are:

• offline mode;
• the possibility of the function of spratsovuvannya for the daily life of the electricity;
• minimization of health care;
• trivial term;
• ease of service.

Nedolіki sprinkler systems po'yazanі z nayavnіstyu zv'yazku tsієї installation z funktіonuvannyam merezhi vodostachannya tsentralіzovanіon type. In addition, if the complexes lie due to the temperature regime in the host, then small fires of fire can lead to wrongful damage to the material values ​​of the host.

Drencherni installations and vikoristannya

As we are talking about another type of fire extinguishing water installations - deluge installations, then the application of these systems is carried out after the alarm signaling of the sensor in the alarm system. Under the influx of the sensor, the activation of the main pumps is activated, which fills the pipelines with water. For installations this type typical distinctive feature like bliskavichnist spratsovuvannya. In addition, the possession will not require a permanent position in the middle of the water pipes. A water sprinkler fire extinguisher transmits the function of the pipeline, the middle of which is constantly water.

Criteria for choosing the correct type of installation are the type of accommodation, the nature of the speeches that are taken in the middle, the level of the fire preference for the placement or the object. Water fire extinguishing as an effective, economically viable and reliable way to fight fire on large objects is one of the only acceptable options.

To add value to the variety of powder sums, which include the mass of active components, which should ignore the inflammation. Still, the most accessible at the organization’s plan and at a price are fire extinguishing water, which organically supplements and modernizes the delivery of the material to the fire.

Features lead as a firefighting team

The head of the lead in the context of the adoption of the dzherel borrowing and environmental cleanliness high efficiency and, like a legacy, universality. This resource is victorious at the objects of virobnitsia, in public life and in the private sector. Wtіm, and water, and pinna fire extinguishing is not recommended to stop at the fight against fire, as it is not safe for material values ​​and electrical control. There may be a negative meaning of power as an electrical conductor. Until then, vikoristannya is impossible at low temperatures - for example, winter hour abo in the minds of virobnitstv, scho pratsyyut for negative temperatures.

As far as the ability of this material to extinguish fire is concerned, the effectiveness of the fight is determined by the process of lowering the temperature of the fire and the heat capacity of the water. In addition, such fire extinguishing systems are capable of causing unsafe chemical reactions that accompany the fire.

Designs of water fire extinguishing installations

To improve the function of supplying water, practically all systems of vicorous pumping stations are equipped with a moving vice, as if they are working on the rahunok of electric motors. With the method of increasing the reliance on the enterprises of the vicorist, there are also reserve pumps, which are installed on a single platform with the main unit. For vikonannya zavdannya zavdannya zastosovuyutsya razpilyuvalnі modules. The stench can change the configuration of the distribution, expansion, frequency of supply, then.

AT new installations In addition, fire-fighting water transmission is present in the technical infrastructure. rozpodіlnyh outbuildings. This is an intermediate module that connects the water supply line and channels, which are used to supply material to the surrounding zroshuvalny outbuildings. For the organization of superficial water supply infrastructure, vicorous components are made of stainless steels, oriented towards operation in the minds of high temperature demands. The use of plastic materials from polyvinyl chloride, which is popular in plumbing, for example, is turned off.

Sprinkler water fire extinguishing

Systems of this type are based on water pipes, which are constantly filled with water under an optimal pressure. The technical infrastructure is most often located at the upper part of the premises - for example, under the cottages or at the stellar niche. For the supply of canals, a water supply line is seen. Sprinklers are used to supply the whole lot without interruption, so that the sprinklers are sprayed.

Vypuskayuchi attachments are equipped with special nozzles, yakі pіd dієyu high temperatures to melt, zvіlnyayuchi passage for water. In modern modifications of the sprinkler system, the water fire extinguisher does not have a direct supply, but a drip. Moreover, the fraction of drips on the floor is dry, because in the process of robotic water mist is formed, which tightens the space of the application. It is advisable for the viklikans themselves to minimize the traffic without intermediary water for the lane, as they are in the service zone.

Vlastuvannya deluge systems

The drencher installations of the sound can make a forward version of the fire extinguishing system, but there may be a little bit of principles. Firstly, the nozzles of drenchers are not protected for self-sustaining under the infusion of fire. The stench does not burn and does not melt, but, on the contrary, they are prepared from materials from thermoprotection. In another way, the activation of the extinguishing function, then the process of extinguishing starts only after a signal is given to the fire sensors, or after a manual start from the operator's console. It is possible to install a water fire and a fire extinguisher, so that in the normal mode of cleaning they are not filled with working material. The supply of the same water to the delivery channels to the dispensing starts only after the final command to extinguish. That's why the heads of the zroshuvachs are sure to come out.

Sound the drencher systems of vicory on the industrial undertakings of the hoarding of specific zones. Іsnuє і configuration of point sawing for near-cordon woodcutters, which should be used as a metaphor for the expansion of the fire.

Creation of the fire extinguishing system project

The development of the design solution is based on a number of factors in the operation of the system. A scheme for the pipeline is being formed in front of us, which will ensure the possibility of maintaining a sufficient pressure for an hour of extinguishing water in the minds of a particular object. The diameter of the pipes, the configuration of their laying, the method of installation are covered. We gave you the optimal parameters of possession.

Golovnym power unit be a pump. The tension is assessed depending on the needs of a specific application in the stinging of the saws. On the right, in the fact that the design of a water fire extinguishing can be safe and the intensity of the fire is possible - the greater the threat, the greater the number of fires, the greater the number of fires can be present in the application. Obviously, there is a total need for the power potential of the pump. On the basis of otrimanih pіd hour of designing these vzhe vykonavtsi rozpochinayut montazhnі come.

Installation of fire extinguishing systems

The process of establishing possession consists of three main steps. At the first stage, the laying of a water supply line is planned, which will lead to the supply of water. The trumpets are mounted with the urance of great vanity and the possibility of undertaking a high grip. The folding nature of this entry is due to the fact that the channels for supplying the water are due to roztashovuvatsya at the upper part of the application. To this end, the project is responsible for transferring a special niche for communications. At another stage, the installation of a water fire extinguisher will require the connection of a pumping station. It will be installed in the water fence or connected to the pipeline to the central barrier, which is supplied.

For the pump, transfer a small platform to ensure the stability of its position. Like an electric unit, next transfer and access to a power outlet. At the final stage, the installation of sprinkler outbuildings - sprinklers or drenchers - is planned. The stinks are integrated into the insole niche for additional special fittings and are connected to the supply channels of the water supply line of the fire extinguisher.

Accessories for sawing

The fire extinguishing system diggers regularly improve the attachment of sawing water, proponuyuchi technological fittings. During the development of the project of the fire extinguishing system, we will not think over the system of fixing the fire extinguishers for more reliable operation. Zokrema, fakhіvtsі recommend zastosovuvati for tsgogo zginalnі kіntsevyk, vykonanі z corrugated stainless steel pipes. This solution is specially recognized for the integration of the same sprinklers in the design of suspended beds. Also, to ensure the durability of fire extinguishing water, it is recommended to protect against the fall of mechanical inflows. For which you can vikoristovuvaty small metal grati, frames and navіt kovpak, scho mask. But it’s important to mothers on the street, that when the system is started, such attachments are instantly opened.

Automation for fire extinguishing systems

I drenchers, and can be automated. Tse means that the system operates without the participation of an operator. Automatic extinguishing systems are implemented for additional controllers and sensors - the basic set of current fire alarms. As soon as the controller is standing, then it is necessary to enter a signal about the cob of extinguishing on the module, which turns on the valve and feed on the sawing nozzles, informing the first person about the fire and the start of the pumping station. Do not do automatic water fire extinguishing without sensors. Tse attachments, yakı without intermediary fix the fact of spalah, transmitting an incoming signal to the controller.

Installed fire extinguisher based on water- the most wide-ranging property that wins for the zahistu as a community life, sports and entertainment, trade and exhibition disputes, as well as industrial enterprises, warehouse complexes.

The reasons for this are obvious, because water in the course of localization/liquidation later is safe for people who stay at the premises of budvel/sporud, is easily accessible, store, renew from the outside water supply settlements, do not add up particular difficulties; do not need additional waste for the preparation of inflammable speeches - gases, powders, for robotic recharging of installations / systems. Therefore, according to the statistics, more than 4/5 of all AUPTs in Russia are attributed to water systems, in most cases they successfully cope with fire at the bud stage for the mind of the due to them for the first hour of operation, regular maintenance of the property.

Classification

Їх іsnuє kіlka vidіv / types fallow vіd method of fire extinguishing, warehouse of the system, construction of zroshuvachіv:

• Autonomous installations with manual start that protect the technological open, open the tambours at the picking booths; as well as okremi accommodation, for example, sauna complexes / lazen. The pipelines of such systems can be equipped with, laid with metal pipes with perforation for supplying water from the fire pit / closing the water curtain on the fire path, heat / smoke flow.

So possessing a local character, to lie in the presence of a woeful human factor, that for an arrogant zahistu a place, and also for a whole life, a spore is practically any kind of recognition of vicorist automatic water fire extinguishing installations.

Лафетні водяні столи, що встановлюються стаціонарно на , розміщених зазвичай по периметру території, на перехрестях основних проїздів відкритих складів об'єктів лісопереробної, лісохімічної галузей промисловості, де в штабелях, купах зберігаються круглий ліс, різні пиломатеріали, технологічна тріска для целюлозно-бу , тирса /shavings.

• Drencherni water fire extinguishing installations, which is processed in automatic mode. The stench is characterized by a great vitrata of water, which is fed to the suffocation of the fire; even more effective, but in case of this, they can cause significant indirect damage for the rahunka of water-sprayed commodity-material values, the work of the inter'єrіv budіvel, to that they are most often designed, mounted for the protection of the production objects; there, de їхнє vikoristannya did not lead to additional expenses for repairs, renewal.
• Sprinklers for water fire extinguishing installations can be called more vibrating, "high armor" against fire without further ado, tk. the stench is possessed by zroshuvachs, which is the same drencher nozzle, but in the literal sense of the word I will lock it up. In the capacity of which they can act like low-melting metal elements, so glass the flasks with an alcohol sum, which easily ruynuyutsya in the singing temperature range of a hot wind, which rises from the fire, which starts. Sprinkler sprinklers spratsovuyat exactly above him, locally extinguishing, so as not to cause additional damage. To that zastosovuyut yak for zakhistu budіvel hromadskogo recognition, so і warehousing complexes.
• - tse true new word at the liquidation of fires for the help of life important speech. First of all, Tim, that with a lot of less water, it’s so good to effectively extinguish fire, cool the budding structures of everything / section.

The igneous speech from them, under the influx of gravity, does not fall very importantly on the sign of the place where it is protected, but with a water mist it properly falls on the new one, roaring its right; at the same time, there is no need for such a mess, like a streamer in traditional systems.

In addition, the choice of such types of systems is more economically viable, so it does not require the design, delivery / delivery, installation and maintenance of bulky control and start-up valves; for the provision of the necessary pressure of water, taken from the measure of the outer water supply; for the installation of any necessary okremі okremі primіshchennya chimaloї ploschі іz іzolovaniy vyhodnі nazіvnі, vygorodzhіnі, rekrittami.

• Sprinklers, drencher systems, stationary fire monitors for outdoor/internal fire extinguishing, cooling/cooling, designated for containment/disposal of fire on sea/river ships/vessels, drilling platforms, outdoor technological installations/reservoirs on vessels culinary objects small galleys of craftsmanship.

To achieve a folding symbiosis of a special water supply and fire-fighting automation installations will require a competent design for the timing of the AUPT, the correct installation of the entire complex of sponkalnyh, vykonavchih outbuildings, incl. , control and launch vuzlіv; a clear algorithm for testing systems after the completion of installation and adjustment work; regular maintenance and repair.

Chergovy personnel, members of the DPD, as well as medical practitioners / firefighters of enterprises, organizations of responsibility, undergo practical training on water installations, fire extinguishing systems.

For an hour of spratsovuvannya / start-up sprinkler / drencher AUPT are classified as follows:

• Shvidkodіyuchі - with a period of spratsovuvannya no more than 3 s.
• With an average inertia - no more than 30 s.
• Inertia - from 30 to 3 min.

Out of the future minds of exploitation in scorching places, fire extinguishing installations / systems with sprinkler sprinklers are divided into three types:

• Filled with water.
• Check it out.
• Water-repair.

Vikoristannya povitryanyh and zmіshano zapovnennyh rozpodіlnyh mains, scho to bring in pipelines and allow you to turn on the freezing water in them at the premises with a negative temperature again in the cold season of rock. And yet, at its core, it requires the installation of additional equipment - upgraded compressors, control and maintenance attachments, blocks / accessories, which lead to a rise in the price of the system, as well as more inertia.

To that of the pissing of Rozrahunkv, a pair of nightnaches at the framework of a techic-teokonnoye overwhelming vibor to the view of the UAPT for the non-polest recognition of the ryznoye dumka Fakhivtsiv, the sabbits of the Pidoprimani, the nervous nationwide

Zastosuvannya on objects

Wimogi to automatic installations of water fire extinguishing was stated in the upcoming official documents:

• , which establish the rules for the design of APS / AUPT systems
• DERZHSTANDART "Installations of water fire extinguishing" for the number, which expands on all design, modernization of AUPT, which immediately changes the functions of the APS.

Vіdpovіdno to st. 111 FZ-123 of the robot of the fire extinguishing systems may be safe:

• In due course, the time of vindication was revealed, the launch of the AUPT in automatic mode.
• Supply of water from deluge, sprinkler nozzles with the necessary intensity and fire extinguishing method.

Якщо більш сучасні, але дорожчі за вартістю обладнання, необхідності заміни/перезарядки після випробування/використання, зберігання 100% запасу вогнегасної речовини порошкові, аерозольні або газові АУПТ непогано підходять для невеликих за площею, будівельного обсягу особливо важливих приміщень з наявністю дорогого електронного , технологічного, control room, compact storage of valuables, unique documents - server, dispatching, management centers, storerooms of museums, art galleries, bank stores, archives; then the settings different types water fire-extinguishing is a non-alternative option for large budvels / spores beyond the scope, their complexes as a community, as well as industrial, warehouse recognition, incl. from the permanent/regular appointments of a great number of expats, buyers, and peeps.

Design and installation

The development of the water fire extinguishing system project is carried out on the basis of the anti-fire rules, state standards - SP 5.13130, GOST 12.3.046, GOST R 50680, and also others normative documents, what are the construction, assembly of sets of equipment, pipelines engineering systems for budіvel, spores, which are under a hydraulic vice.

Installation of fire extinguishing water systems can only be provided on the basis of a set of design and construction documentation, and in the specifications, the refurbishment of the entire property, window materials from the designated brands, manufacturing companies, and the number of samples are indicated; and on the sheets of working armchairs, on top of the plans-schemes - the tying of the pipe line to the planning of the premises that are protected.

In addition, in the explanatory note to the project, technical information about the water fire extinguishing system is hoped to be disclosed. Most of the project documentation, koshtorisi, schedules for the work done and the inter-frost work carried out are distributed by the subcontractor installation organization, as per the contract with the deputy, the general contractor, we carry out the installation, adjustment of the possession of a sprinkler or a deluge water fire system.

Без створення індивідуальної проектної документації можлива тільки прив'язка типових проектів комплектів модульного обладнання гасіння водою, що тонко розпорошується, які в залежності від будівельного обсягу, загальної площі об'єкта, що захищається, приміщення вже розроблені компаніями виробниками такого обладнання, і узгоджені з федеральним with a keen eye.

Volume, area, height, surface, tipi zavdan; їх steps of resistance to fire, primіschen, see the burning zeal; the parameters of the actual engineering systems of the outdoor, internal anti-burning water supply of objects - winding, pressure, as well as other technical indications - external data for the design.

Correct technical task for the design of the deputy, the general contractor of the life of a new object, the reconstruction of the current life; it is competent to develop a set of project documentation, allow, in case of poor, without steps and damage, by specialists of the installation organization, installation, armchair, specifications, to carry out the installation, adjustment of water fire extinguishing systems, as well as three frequent maintenance operations.

Pluses and minuses

Before the transfer, zarahuvat:

• Safe driving for people on the vіdmіnu vіd inert gases, freons, carbonic acid, flammable powders or aerosols.
• Shvidka was attached to the process of fire through the isolation of the fire that was gloomy bet, which was settled.
• A sharp decrease in temperature in the area that is being protected,
• Cooling of budіvelnykh konstruktsіy and metal hulls of technologically equipped.

Nedolіkami є:

• Impossibility to extinguish the application from the installation of electrical, electronic devices in them, warehouses of some chemical reagents, active metals that interact with water; as well as the objects of control, conservation, oil products, effective methods of combating the spread of fire and the installation of a fire extinguisher. They have water itself as the main component of the inflammable sumish of speeches.
• The need for regular qualified maintenance of water-filled installations, which is under constant pressure, through the possibility of getting out of tune with the corrosive weather conditions.

Sample order

The testing of an automatic water fire extinguishing installation should be carried out according to the regulations, according to GOST R 50680-94:

• With a stern look, which is under the pressure of water pipelines, nodes of management and control, the strength, tightness of welded, threaded pipes are established between themselves, at the points of contact to cross fittings, nodes, and fittings; the number of defects - cracks, dents on the housings of accessories, equipment, sprinkler covers; nadіynіst krіplennya rozpodіlnіh pipingovіv, scho vіdvodіv.
• Individual testing of okremih vozlіv at the warehouse of the installation is fine technical documentation in the form of a foreman, vimog, laid down by the approved design solutions - vozlіv management, priymalo-control devices, re-verification of the fire alarms at the warehouse of the spontaneous system of water AUPT
• The intensity of the supply of water is determined on the reversed area of ​​the area, which is protected when spratsovvanni 1 sprinkler or 4 drencher sprinklers with a rozrachunk working vice of water in the pipelines of the fire extinguishing installation.

Comprehensive testing of water fire extinguishers for correctness / practicality is necessary to carry out before the building is put into operation, and after that - at least once in 5 years. The middle term for the operation of water AUPTs is not less than 10 years.

Technical service

Technical maintenance of water fire extinguishing installations is based on GOST, which regulates the testing, technical operation APS, AUPT, incl. carry out maintenance and scheduled early repair of the offensive equipment, vuzlіv and equipment:

• Pumping units.
• Control and alarm valves / vuzlіv.
• Rozpodіlnih pipelines іz zroshuvachami.
• Shleyfіv, priladіv APS.
• Locking and regulating fittings - zasuvok / valves, gate valves.
• Blocks, accessories, outbuildings KVP.

Vlasniks budіvel/spores, kerіvnitstvu stanov, organіzаtsіy not zabuvat, that the defender of the AUPT did not provide for them forever, as their installation was completed. The installation of a water fire extinguisher is automatic, although it doesn’t sound trite, we serve for a long time only with regular professional maintenance, as it is carried out by specialists of a specialized enterprise, which can be obtained by the license of the Ministry of Taxes and Duties.

The water fire extinguishing system is one of the most requested types of automatic fire extinguishing complex. Similar complexes are being developed and are being installed with the method of prompt response to the possibility of the middle appearing later and their liquidation. At the extreme moment of the fire extinguishing system, they will replace the fire brigade of firefighters, as if they are constantly changing the mode of monitoring the National Assembly.

Application of the water fire extinguishing system

Complexes of fire extinguishing can be installed in the booths, whether they are recognized as virobnicheskih or pobutovih. As a rule, similar systems know their stasis at car parking lots, roztashovannyh seredinі budіvlі, krosovyh and servernykh primіshchennyah, industrial booths, in some kind of crisis occupied by an urgent problem. Before such applications, there are craftsmanship, warehouses, archives.

The main recognition of the fire extinguishing complex is the minimization of the fire pit of the fire and the operational liquidation. With this special significance, one hopes for the safety of people. In addition, it is the responsibility of the system to ensure the security of the organization's lane. In case of automatic and manual complexes, fire extinguishing, as well as signaling modules, the priority of the first systems is obvious. Only the stagnation of automatic systems allows minimizing the risks of occupying a large area of ​​life, ensuring the safety of workers and saving the lane.

Like in rich other systems of life security, in fire extinguishing complexes, there are rules and documents that regulate, dotrimannya such obov'yazkovo when installing, operating and maintaining systems. Be like technically come in With the elements of the complex, the responsibility is to be specially prepared by spivrobitnik, yakі may need access to that certificate. For which service organization we give a guarantee for the installation of the complex.

Classification of water fire extinguishing systems

The main subdivision of the anti-burning complexes is vykonuetsya behind the speech, for the help of which there is an extinguishing of the fire. According to this method, one can see some of the main types of complexes:

1. Vodyane installed;
2. Powder installation;
3. Gas installation;
4. Aerosol installation.

The skin system may have its own advantages and disadvantages. Region of vikoristannya complexes different type so irritated. Therefore, let's take a look at the skin category of anti-skin attitudes in a report.

Principle of water fire extinguishing systems

There are two types of water extinguishing complexes: sprinklers and drenchers. Installations of the first type are expanded for the operational extinguishing of fires wooden structures and similar bank loans. Installations of a different type are recognized for liquidation later on all areas of business. Sprinkler complex є piping, equipment with special sprinklers. The pipe itself will fill up with water, I’ll try it again and again. Whether or not speech is located at the pipeline under a high vice.

In some rainfalls, a sprinkler complex of a combined type is installed. In this way, water, to lead, to avenge the native land, and the rozpodilna system - repeat at a temperature below five degrees and with water at a higher temperature. Zroshuvach or sprinkler on the basis of thefts with a special thermal lock. Whose attachments were at the sight of the kolby, as if losing their tightness at a sharp rise in temperature, so for the obviousness of the cavity.

In case of faulty fire, water begins to exit the pipeline, due to which the pressure decreases, and the control system activates a special valve. In the world of reduced vice, a pump is started, which does not supply water to the pipeline. In this order, the water should reach the local middle of the spalah until the new liquidation. With the functioning of sprinkler complexes in the rear of such supplementary systems:

1. Signalization, which should be used in times of blame;
2. Fire alarm complex;
3. Dimozakhist;
4. Regulation of the evacuation process;
5. Information about the middle of the vindication later.

Even though the zroshuvachs didn’t work out for ten years, it’s necessary to replace them for the whole complex. The same ones can be brought to the elements that went well. At the stage of development, the pipeline complex is subdivided into sections. The skin of such a module is available for fire extinguishing of a small number of applications and can be equipped with an insulated module that controls. The required pressure at the conduits ensures the pumping unit.

Drencher water fire extinguishing systems

Drencher-type complexes do not stay at their warehouses for thermal locks; The calmness of the water in such complexes is rich at the link with it, so that all the vital systems are activated at the same time.
As a rule, in drencher complexes, there may be sprat types of sprouting:

1. Strumenev, in which water is supplied behind a raised vise.
2. Gas-dynamic two-phase elements.
3. Modules that ensure the supply of water with a shock path between deflectors.

At the stage of development of the complex, the designers are responsible for taking into account the complete set of the drencher, the necessary level of pressure, the intervals between the zroshuvachs and the same number, the tightness of the pumping units, the productivity of the water conduits and the expansion of the accumulating water.
The main tasks, for the implementation of which similar complexes are mounted, can be subdivided into sprat types:

1. Localization in the middle of the vindication later.
2. Breakdown of the controlled plots into sectors and that zapobіgannya the transition of local fire to global.
3. Zapobіgannya rozpovsyudzhennyu produktіv zamannya.
4. Lowering the temperature of the vuzlіv and elements of the application to the required temperature.

On this day, fire extinguishing systems are burning with water, which are based on the technology of a fractional water supply. The diameter of the water saw fraction is often as high as 150 microns. This technology allows you to significantly speed up your business. Such an effect is possible for the water mist to calm down, which effectively crosses the night. Increased sales of similar complexes to report on their efficiency.

Powder fire extinguishing systems

As the name suggests, the complex, the main component of the fire extinguishing system, is the powder sum of the fractions. Depending on the standards adopted by the Russian Federation, similar complexes are installed at the administrative and public ranks. In addition, electrical substations, industrial buildings and warehouses are equipped with automatic powder fire extinguishing complexes.

Gas fire extinguishing system

Extinguishing the igniters of the fire is squeezing by the gas storage, concentrating at special installations. Like a gas sum zastosovyvaetsya such speech, like argonite or energy. Elements present in the atmosphere enter the warehouse for fire extinguishing. That is why installations that can sweep nitrogen, helium, argon or carbon are absolutely safe for the most common medium.
The technology of robotic gas complexes is based on vitiated fires, which are sour and replaced by gas. Such a principle of making foundations on the authority of half a day does not fade when the air is filled in a covered space in the range of 12 to 15 cm. As soon as the gas is replacing the sour, then the half-light goes out step by step.

With the installation of such complexes, it is necessary to protect the camp of people, as if they were resting at the room. Decrease in sourness may have a negative impact on one's health. Therefore, the choice of gas complexes is only possible for an one-hour evacuation of the personnel of the enterprise. Like a sumish, which is victorious for extinguishing a loan, carbon dioxide gas and fluoride synthetic sumish are stagnant. Before them one can see hexafluoride of sirka and colds of ozone-safe and ozone-depleting. Safe summish can win in the presence of well-known people among the hosts, and ruine only for the minds of the evacuation of spivrobitniks.
As a rule, gas complexes are installed for the fire safety of power plants, powered by electrical substations.

Other fire extinguishing systems

The most often used are complexes of fire extinguishing, which vikoristovuyut pіnu or aerosols. Hocha pina and є enough efficient way To fight with spalahs, shkidlivy components enter the warehouse, through which such complexes are rarely victorious.
Aerosol installations are based on the principle of similar to powder systems with the same difference, so that the fractions of speech can be smaller.

Vimogi before the installation of water fire extinguishing systems and other complexes

On the territory of the Russian Federation anti-burn care, how to carry out the installation of complexes to fight against the middle of a fire in such areas:

1. Server rooms, machine rooms, processing centers. Up to the group, there is a place for placement, in which there is an imitation of that collection of data and museum exhibits.
2. Autoparking of the underground variant of accommodation or parking spaces, roztashovani on some surfaces.
3. Budіvlі small ї surfacing, zіbranі z metalevyh details and insulated with palm materials. In case of any obov'yazkove, the fire extinguishing complex was installed in community life with size over 800 square meters, and navіt administrative area with a size of less than 1200 square meters.
4. Application, orientation of product conservation and may be class "B" beyond the level of safety. With this application, we can’t but we can’t hang for one on top and we can stack no more than 5.5 meters.
5. Trade complexes that support the sale of combustible sums, for the immediate sale of containers with a volume of more than 20 liters.
6. High-rise budinki with a larger lower 30-meter height. Up to the category tsієї not to lie within the scope of a residential recognition, as well as a general applica- tion to the class “G” and “D”.
7. Trade complexes, the area of ​​the underground part of which exceeds 200 square meters, or the similar area of ​​the ground space is over 3.5 thousand square meters. Vinyatkom є pіdpriєmstva, scho implement non-combustible materials.
8. Halls for holding exhibitions, which are folded over two or more surfaces, or may expand over a thousand square meters.
9. Concert halls with number of boarding places not less than 800.

Advantages and shortcomings of fire extinguishing systems

As it was guessed more, part of the anti-skin complexes may be at the warehouse of speech, as if negatively injecting the human body. For example, chlorine and bromine disrupt the work of the respiratory organs, gas installations remove fumes from the premises, after which a person consumes svodomist. Active components of the complexes are poured into the soul and mind of people.

Biggest efficient method usunennya pozhezhi є water system, absolutely safe for a person Tim is not less, such a complex will require an increased amount of water, which will inevitably increase the amount of water. In addition, zastosuvannya the driver can bring in the equipment and keep it in harmony. At zv'yazku z tsim, when choosing an automatic fire extinguishing system, carefully consider other options for systems.

The installation of a gas complex allows you to take the following benefits:

1. Vіdsutnіst korozії tekhnії i konstruktsіy;
2. Airing the room saw negative signs of fire extinguishing;
3. Wide range of temperatures.

Order of positive moments, іsnuyet і negative. Gas installations very unsafe for people. But oskolki tekhnologiya not stand on the mission, in this hour advanced materials have appeared that do not inject into the health of people.

From the turn of human life, the problem of water fire extinguishing was relevant. The first riddles about installations for extinguishing fires are in ancient Greek chronicles. And the first pumping water-pumping pump was the fault of the Greek teachings of Ktesibіy in another century BC. A riddle about such installations is in the works of Archimedes, Pythagoras, scientific treatises of Heron of Oleksandriysky, the leading architect of Rome Vitruvius. Piston pump, descriptions will remain, and until today, practically unchanged in design.

History of the winery

The splash of wines, connected with the constructions of automated outbuildings for extinguishing the fire, falls on the end of the 17th-early 18th century.

The same installations began to have vibukhovy outbuildings, as they spratsovuvali at the required moment, and they fluffed up the speech from special vessels to extinguish the flames. Cabins of barrel-shaped vessels, vindicated for the reign of Peter the Great.

The blame for the installation of a water fire extinguisher, which became the prototype of the modern one, was tied to the robots of a Russian officer - a contributor to K.D. Froliv. The engine of such a system was a water-filling wheel, which drove the crank mechanism, connected with the pistons of the pumps, which supplied water to the rose pipe. Prote practical zastosuvannya tsya installation did not take away.

The first stop in the installation of a sprinkler, which predicted a sprinkler, was broken in 1864 by the English scientist Stuart Harrison. For the next 15 years, the design of the sprinkler found out more low changes, which made it possible to finish the cob variant, and the release of the fire extinguishing systems was put on the conveyor.

Modern systems

On this day, fire extinguishing with water is one of the most economical systems for fighting fire. The low compatibility of the installation is not dependent on the reliability of the system. Simplicity of service permits installation in a short term.

Under the hour of the installation, such chemical elements are vibrated, as they enter into a reaction with water. Crimean stinks are not strong up to di ї high temperatures, and do not waste their working characteristics with their infusions.

Tse optimal settings that are assigned to work in the minds promoted insecurity. An additional plus for water fire extinguishing installations is the trivality of the term of their service without carrying out repair work.

A positive feature of water fire extinguishing installations, regardless of what type of sawing - sprinkler or drencher, є those that stink to disperse water, that make fog.

Such sawing will immediately lower the temperature of the application, slowing down the burning process. At one time, the water does not flood over the top, which significantly changes the main expenses.

Sprinklers

Sprinkler installations vikoristovuyut at mistsevoy extinguishing fire. Also, the stench is indispensable for the cooling of structures that are found in the occupant. The stench is most often vicorous in the months of transferring the temperature rise to the place when it develops. Qi installations are allowed to expand the territory with one-hour air curtains. It is especially appreciated on the theatrical stage, windows, doors.

When extinguishing fires on large tracts, the sprinkler line is divided into sections, the skin of which is equipped with an individual control and alarm valve. The installation functions in such a way that, immediately after the need for water, it is automatically supplied by the water heater.

Then, after the help of the control and alarm valve, the fire pumps are switched on, as if they provide the necessary water for the liquidation of the fire. closed, vіdkrittya їх vіdbuvaєєs іnі, if the temperature readings at the occupant rise to the perfect level.

The following types of sprinkler installations are distinguished:

1. water replenishment;
2. recapture.

Water supply sprinkler systems are pipelines filled with water, which are under pressure.

The main positive characteristic is the immediate proximity of the fire-extinguishing warehouse, which is the water, the fires, the ignited fires. Tse allows you to instantly react to sleeping. When vikoristanny water-filled sprinkler system fire extinguishing is localized and carried out only at the fire site.

Official sign in front of the installation є filling pipes with nitrogen or repeat.

Drencherni

Dyut for the help of special zroshuvalnyh heads, which are installed on the system pipelines. Qi pipelines are designated for fighting with burning water or drinking. The stench is designated for the creation of water (drencher) veils, which serve as a place, in which it became a fire, in the case of other places in the house.

The main task of such systems is the expansion of the fire territory. Most often, such systems vicorate at the enterprises that may increase the risk of fire, for example, chemical and cellulose virobnitstva, lakofarbovі enterprises, objects with minus temperatures.

The vikoristannya at minus temperatures is lined up with the water in front of the water system. It starts to give way at the waters, only after a special signal. If the system is deactivated, then, apparently, the water at the pipeline is daily.

Testing the drencher system and fire extinguishing

Fine Water Systems

More and more often in the rest of the hour, fire extinguishing systems are fired for help with finely powdered water. In addition, the modular systems of the installations are completely autonomous, and do not require electricity and additional water tanks, the stench eliminates the minimum traces of fire extinguishing.

These installations are completely new technological solutions, after which water is supplied under a great pressure, which ensures the establishment of a water saw with a size of water chasms of about 100 microns.

A clear advantage in victories of such systems is a reduction in the risk of flooding a fire-fighting warehouse with a larger size of drips, such as on sprinkler and drencher installations. Also, the costs for the provision of water reservoirs are significantly reduced. Objects that are being protected do not stop sectioning, as in case of blockages of volumetric extinguishing installations.

Behind the help of the installation of fire-extinguishing, dribbling water, there is a drench-dispersed fog, which quickly expands on the premises and at the same time does not shorten the sourness of the sour, which takes place in the premises.

With a variety of fire extinguishing installations of this type, an important fact is that there is a small amount of water with a great efficiency of fire extinguishing.

Such a result is reached by a high indicator of the heat capacity of the water mist and that great territory, which is covered with specks. As a result, the temperature in the fire zone sharply decreases and a chemical reaction is added to the burning process.

These warehouses give the opportunity to safely carry out the evacuation of people, as they work with the host, and create the best mind for the work and fahivtsiv of the trained personnel, which are equipped with special equipment for fire extinguishing.