Wibir with a strum. See the cables with sip, tie and constructive features
The main purpose of SIP cables is the transmission of electricity by repeating lines. The cable is actively vikoristovuєtsya during the introduction of electricity from the main highways to the residential and state spores, for the illumination of the lines on the streets of settlements.
Self-supporting insulation wire (SIP)
SIP construction
Fazni aluminum darts covered with light-stabilizing insulation covers Black color. Polyethylene coating can be highly resistant to moisture and ultraviolet sleepy changes, like ruynuyut hum or sizable polymer insulation.
Wires are twisted into a bundle like a zero aluminum lived, in the center is a steel drіt. The zero core lived as the basis of the entire cable. Deyakі designs of SIP cables with a small span and a small amount of lived to light weight, to that in these types of daily steel lived. SIP stands for self-supporting insulation wire.
See that budova
There are five main types of SIP darts:
- SIP-1 includes three phases, the skin of which is twisted into a bundle with dekilkoh aluminum wires dovkol core for aluminum alloy. Conduct the fourth zero lived twisted around the steel core. Phases are insulated with thermoplastic, resistant to ultraviolet changes. On marz cable СІП-1А zero wire, like phase lived, in insulated sheath. Such cables last three hours of heating at 70°C.
Cable construction SIP-1, SIP-1A
- СІП-2 and СІП-2А can be similar to СІП-1 and 1А design, the difference is only in insulating shell. Insulation is to serve as "polyethylene sewing" - joining polyethylene on a molecular level into a grid with wide centers with trivial cross-links. Such a structure of insulation is richly resistant to mechanical infusions and is exposed to low and high temperatures over a three-valve infusion (up to 90 ° C). Tse allows you to win such a brand of CIP cable in cold climatic minds for great vanity. The maximum voltage of electricity that is transmitted is up to 1Kv.
- СІП-3 is a single-core cable with a steel core, similar to that of aluminum alloy AlMgSi. Isolation shell made of "sewn polyethylene" allows you to use SIP-3 for life repeated lines transmission of electricity from voltage up to 20 kV. Working temperature of the cable is 70°C, it can be operated for three hours at temperatures from minus 20°C to + 90°C. These characteristics make it possible to win SIP-3 in different climatic conditions: in a peaceful climate, cold or tropics.
Internal attachment to SIP-3 cable
- SIP-4 and SIP-4N do not wash zero dart with a steel shear, the stench accumulates from the twin veins. The letter H shows that the darts are in the living quarters of aluminum metal. PVC insulation stіyka to ultraviolet promіnennya.
Design of self-supporting insulated drotu SIP-4
- СІП-5 and СІП-5Н - two lived to have a similar structure to СІП-4 and СІП-4Н, inside the insulation shell. The technology of cross-linked polyethylene allows to increase the hour of operation for the maximum allowable temperature by 30 hours. The power transmission line with SIP-5 substations is installed in the cold and peaceful climate, transmitting electricity with a voltage of up to 2.5 kV.
Inner attachment of self-supporting insulated drotu SIP-5
Depending on the minds of the exploitation and the need to save electricity, choose the brand and cut the SIP cable.
Choose to rewrite SIP
Choose and re-route the wires of the SIP for the connection of various objects to help you through the classic method. The maximum pressure reduction of electrical installations is formed, rozrahunok strumovy navantazhennya zdіysnyuєtsya for the formula:
I = P\U√³, de
- P - total contraction of stiffness;
- I - the maximum spodzhivanie strum;
- U - voltage in the mesh.
Based on the values of the maximum streak, after the tables have been cleared in advance, the next step is to select the necessary cut of the CIP wires.
Parameters of the largest twisted SIP cables for connecting buds to the main mains of power transmission lines (SIP-1, SIP-1A, SIP-2, SIP-2A)
| Peretin u mm that kіlkіst lived | Supro- tive- no phases to Ohm for 1km | Maximum admissible strum phase z thermoplastic teak iso- lacy | The maximum allowable strum phase zі zshitim polyeti- line | Strum short flickering in kA at trivality 1s |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1x16+1x25 | 1.91 | 75 | 105 | 1 |
| 2x16 | 1.91 | 75 | 105 | 1 |
| 2x25 | 1.2 | 100 | 135 | 1.6 |
| 3x16 | 1.91 | 70 | 100 | 1 |
| 3x25 | 1.2 | 95 | 130 | 1.6 |
| 3x16+1x25 | 1.91 | 70 | 100 | 1 |
| 3x25+1x35 | 1.2 | 95 | 130 | 1.6 |
| 3x120+1x95 | 0.25 | 250 | 340 | 5.9 |
| 3х95+1х95 | 0.32 | 220 | 300 | 5.2 |
| 3х95+1х70 | 0.32 | 220 | 300 | 5.2 |
| 3x50+1x95 | 0.44 | 180 | 240 | 4.5 |
| 3x70+1x70 | 0.44 | 180 | 240 | 4.5 |
| 3x50+1x70 | 0.64 | 140 | 195 | 3.2 |
| 3x50+1x50 | 0.64 | 140 | 195 | 3.2 |
| 3x35+1x50 | 0.87 | 115 | 160 | 2.3 |
| 3x25+1x35 | 1.2 | 95 | 130 | 1.6 |
| 3x16+1x25 | 1.91 | 70 | 100 | 1 |
| 4x16+1x25 | 1.91 | 70 | 100 | 1 |
| 4x25+1x35 | 1.2 | 95 | 130 | 1.2 |
When choosing a recut and brand CIP wire, it is important to insure not only the maximum strumovo vanity, and th temperature, hour, with which it is possible to operate the cable in extreme minds. Zzvichay admissible trivality to become from 4000 to 5000 years.
Maximum temperature for darts
Choosing the brand CIP cable and yogo overheating, it is necessary to insulate the type of insulation: insulation polyethylene or thermoplastic. For the improvement of the voltage losses, thermal resistance with a short flicker, mechanical strength with an insufficient value of one of the parameters, a cable with a large cross section is selected.
During the operation of SIP cable, the duration is permissible up to 8 years for production, 100 years for production, and no more than 1000 years for the entire period of operation. The most common way to connect residential booths or government facilities is to install SIP-2A, which is explained by some shortcomings of other cable models:
- on SIP-1 and SIP-2, the null vein is not insulated;
- SIP-1(A), SIP-4 may have German insulation;
- СІП-3 vikoristovuetsya only at voltages higher than 1000V, ce single wire;
- SIP-4 or SIP-5 do not hang the central carrier lived, so they can stop only on short distances, at long intervals the cable stretches and sags.
From the above table, it can be seen that the SIP-2A cable can be with the same or different strand. Sound when the phase conductors change 70 sq. / mm, the zero conductor for the electricality vibrates 95 mm / sq. With a large phase overshoot, the carrier phase does not increase, the mechanical strength is completely stagnant. With an equal distribution of electricity in phases, the zero conductor of the electric and thermal stress is practically not relevant. For illuminating the lines, sound vicorist cables made of peratin, 16 or 25 sq./mm.
Butt rozrahunka
Butt rozrahunku pererіzu SІP broadband Internet cable to ob'єkta іz sumarno potuzhnіstyu elektropriladіv 72 W at vіdstanі od osnovnoї magіstralі elektroenergії 340 m. Pіdvіski SІP supports for cables require rozmіstiti promіzhkami not bіlshe of 50 m, tse suttєvo znizit mehanіchne navantazhennya in glass tubes. Sliding up the maximum strum for triphasic lanceug with the addition of all electrical appliances. Think that the desire to be divided equally between phases, to be brought to one phase:
72 kW/3 = 24 kW.
Maximum strum on one phase with the adjustment of inductive and mnemonic electric devices (factor cos fi = 0.95) in stock:
24 kW/(230V* 0.95) = 110A.
According to the table, a SIP cable is selected with a span of 25 A, prote, wrapping a cable length of 340 m, you need to take it to the limit, use the voltage, so it can become more than 5%. For clarity, the length of the cable is rounded up to 350 m:
- at SIP nursery opir aluminum 0.0000000287 ohm/m;
- opir drotu will be Rpr. \u003d (0.0000000287 / 0.000025) ohm / m * 350 m \u003d 0.4 ohm;
- opіr navantazhennya at 24 kW. Rn \u003d U 2 * cos fi: P \u003d 230 2 * 0.95 / 24kW \u003d 2.094 Ohm;
- last opir - Rvn. = 0.40 ohm. + 2.094 ohms. = 2.5 ohm.
Vihodjachi z rozrakhankovyh data, the maximum strum near the phase vein will be:
I \u003d U / R \u003d 230V: 2.5 Om \u003d 92 A
The drop in voltage is higher I max * Rpr. \u003d 93A * 0.4 Ohm \u003d 37V.
37 Volt warehouse 16 vіdsotkіv vіd mesh tension U = 230V higher, lower allowable 5%. Behind rozrahunkami, go SIP іz peretina 95 sq./mm. Spend 11 with such a dart, ce become 4.7%. When expanding a single-phase line, do not increase the tension by 3, multiply the length of the cable by 2.
Mounting. Video
For the sake of mounting the CIP to the booth, the presentation of this video.
It is possible to invest in visnovok, which SIP cables may have a low rating in relation to old models aluminum cable cannot be isolated. Cable for extra protection short hum when laying near the bushes of trees and other folding minds of exploitation. Yogo can be laid on the walls of budvels, spores, fenced fences, with which high qualifications of practitioners are not required. The use of special supports and insulators reduces the time and cost of installation. Zavdyaki _izoljatsiї and іnshim constructivnym osobennosti sphere zastosuvannya CIP cables suttєvo expanded.
Today for the laying of pipes electric lines replacement of several branches one type of one bare aluminum wires screwed to insulators, vicorist wires SIP(self-supporting Isolation Provid ). SIP is one or the other jgut z dekilkoh insulated darts who are fastened to the supports with special reinforcements for one or for all they lived at the same time (fallow in different varieties).
Rіznovidi СІП
SIP maє kіlka rіznovidіv:
- СІП-1 - bearing zero conductor without insulation, phase conductors with insulation. Insulation - thermoplastic light-stabilized polyethylene. Cling to the zero vein. operating voltage: up to 0.66/1 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz.
- СІП-1А - those same, that and СІП-1, but all lived in isolation
- СІП-2 - bearing zero conductor without insulation, phase conductors with insulation. Isolation - protection of light stabilization polyethylene (polyethylene with cross molecular bonds). Cling to the zero vein. Operating voltage: up to 0.66/1 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz.
- СІП-2А - those same, that and СІП-2, but all lived in isolation.
- СІП-3 - single-core conductor. Vikonan core made of reinforced alloy or steel-aluminum construction with reinforced darts. Isolation - protection of light-stabilized polyethylene. Operating voltage: 35 kV.
- SIP-4 - all lived in isolation. Insulation - thermoplastic light-stabilized polyethylene. Not maє nesuchoї lived. Cry for everything lived at once. Operating voltage: up to 0.66/1 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz.
- СІП-5 - the same as СІП-4, but insulation - protection of light-stabilizing polyethylene.
For the laying of repeated lines at SNT, the most acceptable is the SIP-2A conductor.
Some of the other types of SIP:
- In SIP-1 and SIP-2 on the uninsulated zero core, with a shave, the presence of a potential unsafe for people is possible.
- SIP-1, SIP-1A and SIP-4 have lesser insulation.
- SIP-3 appointments for voltage over 1000 volts. In addition, this is a single wire, yoga is not turned at the harness.
- СІП-4 and СІП-5 can only be installed for inputs to bunkers. Through the day of the smitten bearing, they could live by the hour.
Rozrahunok to cut phase conductors SIP
When rozrahunka pererazu phase wires should not only protect the maximum strum, which stench can trim, but also the drop in voltage at the end of the line, as it is not guilty to overestimate 5% for maximum stress. At a distance of over 100 meters, the voltage drop in the line already becomes a narrow space. Conduct more attention, but before the end of the dart, you need to get even a low voltage.
Let's take a look at the situation on the example of my SNT. Dovzhina of the main smuga 340 meters. The maximum intensity of power-consuming attachments is 72 kW. It is necessary to order a viable SIP. For which we calculate the maximum strum, which can be used in darts:
Calculate the maximum tension that falls on 1 phase.
72kW/3 phase = 24kW = 24000W.
Calculate the maximum stream of one phase. At the output from the transformer for the standard 230 V. butt fittings, vicorist cosine phi = 0.95
24000 W / (230 V * 0.95) = 110 A
Otzhe, the conductor is guilty of trimati 110 A. Divimos technical characteristicsСІП for different overhangs, and bachimo, shcho 110 A as a whole vitrimaє СІП іz peretina phase conductors 25 sq. mm.
It would be better, what more do you need? But it's not all that simple. We have a line with a length of 340 meters, and if there is any kind of wire, we can have our own opir, which will reduce the voltage on the lines. Zgidno with allowances, the drop in voltage at the maximum tension in the end of the line is not guilty of overestimating 5%. Please note the voltage drop for our 25 sq.mm conductor type.
Rozrahuyemo opir 350 m darts 25 sq. mm.
Pitomy opir aluminum in SIP - 0.0000000287 ohm m.
Peretin drotu - 0.000025 sq.
Pitomy opir drotu 25 sq. mm = 0.0000000287 / 0.000025 = 0.001148 ohm m
Opіr 350 meters with a thread of 25 sq. mm. = 0.001148 * 350 = 0.4018 ohm
Rozrahuyemo opir navantazhennia 24 000 W:
Let's see the formula for rozrahunka.
- P = U * I * 0.95
- stars
- P=U*(U/R)*0.95
- P=U*U*0.95/R
- R = U * U * 0.95/P
230V*230V*0.95/24000W=2.094ohm
Rozrahuyemo the last opir of the whole lancer, having put down the insults, taking away the more support:
0.4018 ohm + 2.094 ohm = 2.4958 ohm
Rozrahuemo the maximum strum at the dart, which can be blamed, walking from the full support of the lansyug:
230 V / 2.4958 ohms = 92.1564 A
Rozrahuemo the drop in the voltage of the dart, having multiplied the maximum possible strum and opir drota:
92.1564 A * 0.4018 ohm = 37 V
The drop in voltage at the rod is 37 volts - 16% for the output voltage of 230 volts, which is more for the allowable 5%. The replacement of 230 volts at the end of the line with full voltage will appear in total 230 - 37 = 193 volts, the replacement of the allowable 230 - 5% = 218.5. To that peretin lived the need for zbіshuvati.
For the induced windfall, the cross section of the phase conductors is 95 sq. mm. The cost is higher, lower is necessary along the struma, but with maximum stress on the end of the line, such a cut will give a voltage drop of 10.8, which means 4.7% of the output voltage, which fits into the tolerance.
In this order, for a line of 350 meters and a charge of 24 kW per phase, the necessary SIP-2A phase conductor reline of 95 sq. mm.
I wonder what uneven ambition strum on the phase zero explorer, Otzhe, yogo opіr tezh begins to play a role, and yogo next to include in the rozrahunok (for example, zbіshiti rozrakhunkovu dozhina drota, let's say, at the second time). In case of an uneven tension (for example, a charge, if 1-2 people are alive in the SNT, who are scorched by electric heaters, they can sit on 1, or on 2 phases), you can blame the phase peroxidation on the transformer itself. And here the voltage drops even more in the stressed phases, but in the non-driven phases it increases. Therefore, ideally, such a gentleman should be put triphasic introduction, and turn on different heating phases.
PS:
The expansion of a single-phase line is carried out similarly to a three-phase one, only the stiffness of the contraction does not divide into 3 phases and it is indicated that the subwire of the line is indicated;
Looking over the simplicity of the Internet for electrical installation, having revealed on one forum the topic with the discussion "Chi vitrimaє sip 4x16 15kW". The power is blamed on the fact that 15 kW 380 volts are seen on the connection of a private booth. Well, and people chirp, why do they lay down the 16th square on the vіdgaluzhennya vіd pіtryanoї liniї? Having looked in, I went to the PUE, but I don’t know anything about the tightness of the CIP. Axis є only plate 1.3.29 "Permissible strum for non-insulated wires according to GOST 839-80". It can be seen from it that the maximum allowable strum for a cut of 16 sq. mm. droti type AC, AKS, ASK posture to become 111 amperes. Well, I want it for the cob.
How many kilowatts can be seen SIP 4x16?
Ale є GOST 31943-2012 "Perform self-supporting insulation and protection for repeated power transmission lines". For example, at point 10 of the checkout for operation, there is a sign
How many kilowatts are showing SIP - table:
| Pereriz SIP | voltage 380V | voltage 220V |
|---|---|---|
| SIP 4x16 | 38 kW | 66 kW |
| SIP 4x25 | 50 kW | 85 kW |
| SIP 4x35 | 60 kW | 105 kW |
| SIP 4x50 | 74 kW | 128 kW |
| SIP 4x70 | 91 kW | 158 kW |
| SIP 4x95 | 114 kW | 198 kW |
| SIP 4x120 | 129 kW | 225 kW |
| SIP 4x150 | 144 kW | 250 kW |
| SIP 4x185 | 166 kW | 288 kW |
| SIP 4x240 | 195 kW | 340 kW |
Rozrahunka technique
We take a plate 10 and according to it we know that one vein of a vulture is 16 sq. mm. vitrimuє - 100 amperes. And farther than the head, how many times do you need to multiply q 100A - by 220 chi 380? Here it is necessary to marvel from the point of view of the dawn, as if they will be connected to the point. If it’s a great living room, then the three-phase fittings are not so rich (well, the single induction stove, or the electric oven falls on the thought, although the stench is essentially its own 220V), even though it’s a repair workshop, then the three-phase installation is more compressor).
On the cob, the food "chi vitrimaє sip 4x16 15 kW" was broken by those? Therefore, for a private booth, we multiply 220Vx100A = 22kW per phase. But don’t forget that we have three phases. But already 66 kilowatts sumarno for a residential booth. What are you 4x supply soo quiet minds, scho see.
