Rules for the protection of industrial enterprises. Rules for the protection of work at the enterprises

⁰

Approved

Department

economy

Ministry of Economy

Russian Federation

Uzgodzheno

sheet of the Ministry of Pratsi

Russian Federation

vіd 13 worms1996 N 1260-VK

Entry date

REGULATIONS

FOR THE PROTECTION OF PRACTICES AT PARTNERSHIPS AND ORGANIZATIONS

MACHINE BUILDING

POT RV 14000-001-98

Rules of receptionists pratsі on pіdpriєmstvah that in organіzatsіyah mashinobuduvannya rozroblenі Іnzhenernim Center zabezpechennya BEZPEKA in promislovostі - bunt galuzevoyu organіzatsієyu of receptionists that BEZPEKA pratsі of companies, SET is the organіzatsіy mashinobudіvnogo complex Mіnіsterstva Economy Rosіyskoї Federatsії scho Got right zatverdzhuє pіdpisi galuzevoї normativnoї pravovoї dokumentatsії of receptionists that safety of work in the field to please the Department of Economics of Machine Building of the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation with TOV "Engineering Center for the Safety of Industry" about safety in the hall of protection and safety of work on 25.12-13 N 0.

The rules were developed on the basis of official legislation, standards of the system of safety of work, budding norms and rules, sanitary rules and norms and other normative legal acts for the protection and safety of work and vikoristannya galuzevyh standards, rules and regulations for the number of allied machine-living galuzey and vrakhovuyut results of examinations. huge amount to the Committee of the Russian Federation for Machine Building.

Rules to avenge the main ways to protect the safety of work at enterprises and expand on enterprises, establish the organization of the machine-building profile of all forms of power, spheres of government activity and organizational and legal forms.

From the introduction of the Rules of the Rules, similar rules of the machine-building ministries and departments colossal SRSR and RRFSR do not zastosovuyutsya and pіdljagayut y vіdpovіdnіst up to tsikh Rules normative acts organizations for the protection and security of work.

INSTUP

Rules for the protection of work at enterprises and in organizations of machine-building (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) are divided into vikonanny Decree for the sake of the Ministers - Order of the Russian Federation of 12.08.94 N 937 "About the state regulatory support s burying workers in the Russian Federation" yak galuzev rules for mashinobudіvnyh podpriєmstv, setting the organization and virobnitstv mashinobudіvny profile.

Regulations on the procedure for the development and approval of the rules and instructions for the protection of practice

Rules for the entire territory of the Russian Federation and the responsibility for insurance in the design, construction, reconstruction, technical redesign, during the development and stagnation of technological processes, during the operation of the virobnicheskoe obladnannya, promislovy budіvel and sporud, pіd h vykonannya robіt.

1. ZAGALNI VIMOGY

1.1. The Rules for the Protection of Works in Businesses and in Machine Building Organizations (hereinafter referred to as the Rules) are extended to all associations, businesses, organizations and manufacturing (hereinafter referred to as organizations) of machine building profile.

1.2. All organizations, including design, construction, science and research, and others, goitre vykonuvati (transferring from projects) to the best of their ability to protect practice, write to these Rules.

1.3. The procedure for іz tsimi by the Rules of guilt is to dorimuvatisya to the most important normative legal acts for the protection of practice.

1.4. New and reconstructed facilities, workshops to be put into operation, pickers and also the rules for the protection of practice for okremih species Provadzhen, robit, possession and other normative acts for the protection of work.

1.5. Vikonannya okremikh vommog tsikh Rules, po'yazanyh іz significant capital vitrates, for the terms of their implementation can be virіsheno for the weather with the authorities of the state supervision and control.

1.6. On the basis of these Rules for the improvement of specific minds in the organization, the duties are divided, and after consultations with the professional bodies, they are approved in accordance with the transfer of instructions for the protection of work for workers for professions and types of work.

The transfer of instructions to the warehouses by the funeral service for the participation of the chief specialists and services of the head specialists, the confirmation of the organization and distribution of the structural documents to the structural subdivisions.

1.7. Instructions for the burying of the work due to the hands of the workers, or in the hands of the workers, or the collection of them from the sing and accessible places, in the hands of the workers, was organized.

1.8. The revision of the instructions is to be carried out at least once in five years and in case of changes in technology, possession, tools and technology. promoted by unsafe- no more than once in three years.

1.9. The skin ceremonial worker of the structural subdivision, the head of the deli, the maister, the viconrob, the head of the laboratory and in. guilty buti in nayavnostі set working instructions for practitioners for all professions and types of work that are included in the sphere of yoga activity.

1.10. In addition, the norms that are established in the standards of the organization, in the instructions for the protection of practice, in other normative documentation organizations, including design, technological and other, owe to comply with the provisions of these Rules, SSBT standards, standards and technical minds for syrovina, materials, products, etc.

1.11. At the time of revision of the rules, standards of the SSBT and other normative legal acts, on the basis of the amendments made to these Rules, following the new editions of these documents.

1.12. The organization of control over vikonannym instructions for the protection of practice for practitioners in the organization relies on the robot, control over their vikonannyam - without intermediary on kerivnikiv structural subdivisions(services).

Vikonannya could not follow the instructions to reconsider the hour of the creation of all types of control.

1.13. Service receptionists pratsі organіzatsії vіdpovіdno to Rekomendatsіy of organіzatsії robot receptionists service pratsі on pіdpriєmstvі in ustanovі that organіzatsії, zatverdzhenimi Holds Mіnpratsі od Ukraine 30.01.95 N 6, guilty zdіysnyuvati postіyny control svoєchasnoyu rozrobkoyu that pereglyadom іnstruktsіy of receptionists pratsі, she methodically nadavati rozrobnikam help organizing, spryannya that control over their vikonannyam.

1.14. The main non-safety and random variability factors, which are assigned to GOST 12.0.003 for a wide range of variability, which are covered by the Rules, are:

physical unsafe factors of ruhomih machines and mechanisms, ruhomih parts of the molded area, of virobiv, workpieces and іn;

increased sawing and gas pollution around the working area;

increased and reduced temperature in the working area;

motion equal to noise, vibration, ionizing vibration, static electricity, electric field strength of electromagnetic vibration;

insufficient illumination of the working area;

sharp edges, burrs of workpieces;

physical vanity, monotony of practice and in.

1.14.1. In livar variability, the main unsafe and irritating factors are: saws, aerosols, steam and gas, excessive heat, increased noise and vibration, electromagnetic vibration, roaring machines and mechanisms, roaring parts of the vibrational obladna.

1.14.1.1. Silicon dioxide is smeared at the saw of molding and shearing bags. When melting alloyed steels and color metals, aerosol condensations of oxides of manganese, zinc, vanadium, nickel and others are seen along the working zone. metals and yoga spoluk. When vibrating and cleaning the vilivkiv, saw saws that can remove up to 90% of silicon dioxide;

1.14.1.2. Cupola furnaces and other smelting units, drying ovens, poured molds in the process of achieving coal oxide with active burners;

1.14.1.3. At the smelting units, pouring and cooling molds, vibrating and cleaning the forks, intense heat is seen, which disrupts the temperature regimes in the working areas of the furnaces, pourers, slag workers, at electric furnaces, vibivnyh burrs and іn;

1.14.1.4. Dzherelami zagalnoy vibratsії є vibivnі grati, molding machines and іn. The main dzherelas of local vibration are pneumatic rubal hammers, tamping and other. manual mechanization tool;

1.14.1.5. Electromagnetic fields are generated by electrothermal installations for melting, heating metal, drying molds and shavings;

1.14.1.6. Electric furnaces, machines and mechanisms for brewing vibrators with electric drive and safety valves electric jet;

1.14.1.7. Stiffness, lack of illumination, noise and other unfriendly factors in the livar virobnits pose an inconvenience to injury by machines that are collapsing, with rumbly parts of the virobnicheskogo obladnannya.

1.14.2. In the forging-and-pressing milling, the main high-pitched virobniki factors are: high temperature in the air in the heating furnaces, intensive infrachervone industrialization, high-level toxic vision, noise, etc.

1.14.2.1. Intensive heat treatment on working areas is provided by heaters, stampers, pressers;

1.14.2.2. The operation of furnaces on solid fuel is rare (vugillya, fuel oil and naphtha) is accompanied by the sight of a saw, carbon oxide, soot, sulfur dioxide thinly. The operation of stoves on natural gas and the operation of electric stoves are also accompanied by sightings of fluctuating gas-like products. In the atmosphere of the workshop, the products of thermal destruction of oil are also seen, which are able to sweep away carbon oxide, aerosols of oils, formaldehyde and in;

1.14.2.3. Under the hour of the work of the furnaces, the support of a great threat to become an unsafe electric shock. At induction heating moreover, because of the stronger magnetic field, which leads to the blocking of closed screens;

1.14.2.4. A great threat to become unsafe is the vindication in the areas of production of easily borrowed materials, as well as in the pits under the presses through the purchase of oil.

1.14.2.5. Unsafe virobnicheskimi factors in forging - pressing virobnitstvі є: ruhomі and obertoі parts of obladnannya (threshing, pressing and іn.), high temperature of heated molded workpieces, contamination and obmezhenіst of working areas and іn.

It's easy to send your harn to the robot to the basics. Vikoristovy form, raztastovanu below

Students, graduate students, young adults, like victorious base of knowledge in their trained robots, will be your best friend.

Placed on http://www.allbest.ru/

Entry

For the tribute of the International Organization of Practice (IOP), a crowd of 1.2 million unfriendly infusion unsafe and severe disease factors, which will eliminate casualty injuries and occupational illnesses over 160 million workers. Due to the tribute of international organizations, the economic downturn in the face of serious or fatal unfortunate fluctuations in the total cost is approximately 75 thousand US dollars.

According to the statistical data of the Republic of Belarus, more than 5,000 practitioners will suffer from various injuries of varying degrees of severity, close to 200 deaths, and over 800 will suffer from major injuries that caused their disability. For the tribute of the Ministry of Social Protection in the Republic of Belarus, close to 30% of the working people work in unfriendly minds. Unsatisfactory mind the reason high level temporal non-practice of the practitioners, as the rest of the hour may tend to grow.

For the yakіsnogo polypshennya, the protection of the practice of our country has been created and we continue to do a thorough work of the legislative system and the regulatory and technical base. The method of this process is the molding of the fahіvtsіv of thought, founded on a deep conviction of the main principle - the insanity of the priorities of the valuelessness and the safety of human life with the virishenni be-like virobnichih zavdan.

1 . The system of management of the funeral practice at the objects of state activity

One of the most important directives in the domestic state policy of the Republic of Belarus is ensuring the implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to health mind safely practice. The practical implementation of such a right will require the implementation of all levels of management of the state of legal, social and economic, organizational, technical, sanitary and hygienic and other food protection practices.

Vіdpovіdno to the concept of state management of the protection practice, it is realized on the republican, galuzev and territorial levels.

The management of the funeral practice is a planned process of injecting into the system "man - machine - the choice of the middle" in order to remove the tasks of the totality of indications, which characterize the camp of the minds of the workers.

From the virishhenni raznomanіtnyh zavdan in the sphere of protection of practice, without intermediary take the heads of enterprises, structural subdivisions, functional services, guardians of the practice, profspilkovі committees. At this work, all the practitioners of the enterprise from the worker to the worker may be successful. The organization of the activity of administration and services of business administration with the implementation of the complex for the promotion of the level of protection of the practice is carried out through the system of management of the funeral practice (SUOP).

The system of management of the protection practice is the main subsystem of the system of management of the enterprise, whether it be a galusi of industry. The SUOP has the main functions and tasks, the structure of information and management links, the norms of visual and sound documents.

On industrial undertakings, the system of management of the defense practice was formed to complete the string (Fig. 1).

The management of the funeral practice for the undertaking was laid down by the chief engineer; at the workshops, at the picking stations for control - at the kerіvnikі vіdpovіdnih podrozіlіv and services.

2 . Psychophysiological basis of safety practice

security gas safe working additional help

Psychophysiological foundations of the safety of work are based on the psychology and physiology of labor activity. Psychology is the science that deals with the development of the mental manifestation of reality in the mind of a person. It includes a number of scientific directions such as the psychology of practice, the psychology of safety, engineering psychology and ergonomics. The subject of the psychology of practice is the development of mental aspects of practice, the development of mental components, which spur, direct and regulate the activity of the worker staff, and instill the power of specialty, by which activity is realized.

For prevention of automy, reduction of risk causative injury That professional illness in the organization of warfare, the development of folding technical and technological systems is of the greatest interest in the psychology of safety, the subject of which is the mental process, the power of that state. Vaughn is psychologically vivacious, tobto. deposits in the form of people (human factor) causes unfortunate depressions and accidents and expand the methods and techniques to reduce or exclude the risk of injury and illness. Reasons related to the human factor negatively affect the practitioner's behavior, which creates emergency situations.

Psychic processes, the power of that become, what to pour into security

There are three main groups of components in the structure of mental activity: mental processes, power and will become.

Psychic processes are the basis of psychological activity. Without them, it is impossible to form professional competence, gain knowledge, professional and life experience. Distinguishing knowledge, emotions and volitional mental processes. Such mental processes, like a spriynyattya, memory, respect, thoughts are the regulators of labor activity.

Spriynattya- tse vіdbitok at svіdomosti people obtіv chi phenomena for її infusion on the senses. For the acceptance of the vicor, information is obtained from different analyzers - visual, auditory, tactile, etc.

Memory- the power of the memory, the preservation of that far-fetched human information, which is implicitly tied to security. Memories are closely related to forgetfulness. It has been established that in the average for the first 9 years the information will change by 65%. Therefore, in order to fill in the information used, it is necessary to re-train, instruct, and re-evaluate.

Uvaga- ce directing the information of a person of a song, processes, phenomena, may have an important meaning in this situation, and inspire an awareness of the information, which conveys the movement of the rozum and rukhovo activity.

In the defense practice for the study of practitioners to various difficulties and shyness, there are golden, sound, color and other characteristics.

Myslennya- This is the process of knowing the activity, which is characterized by aggravation. In the process of thinking, there is a choice of solutions that are realized in the coming spirits of people. A pardon decision is a result of an incorrect assessment of the situation through a lack of knowledge, knowledge, competence, as well as a pardon understanding of taken away information. When a decision is made important meaning may emotionally-sensitive sphere of a person, to which lie a little, emotions, moods.

Pochuttya- Tse sub'ektivne vіdobrazhennya svіdomі lyudinі realї ії ї ї dіysnostі. Spend a little bit of action, pardon fear too thinly. can be the reasons for the creation of unsafe situations in the field.

Sensitive tone of a person, emotions and moods play an important role in assessing the real situation and safety.

Feeling tone- tse emotsіyne farbuvannya mental process. A negative factor of a sensitive tone, which helps to create unsafe situations, is the sickness of the guard to the singing podraznikiv. A positive sensitive tone, which evokes the reception sounds, smells, colors, changes the people's anxiety and reduces the risk of an unsafe situation. Tsya furnishing victorious with an aesthetic design of the working area and the interior of the production room.

Emotions- tse experience of a human being, be a little bit. Emotions are of a different type - sthenic and asthenic. Wall emotions- rіshuchіst, raіdіst, naked, passion - spur a person to active actions, podannýa reshkod and usunennya of reasons threaten a person. Asthenic emotions - fear, fighting, fear, perelyak, fear of spriyat vіdmovi vіd podolannya pereshkod, zamikannya in one's own ungrounded experiences. The type of emotions is related to the temperament and character of the person. Therefore, the temperament and character of a person are protected by the admission to certain types of work, which are connected with great viability, the need to accept quick and adequate solutions (air traffic controllers, operators, like keruyut by unsafe virobnicheskih processes just).

A number of emotions, which are determined by the character and temperament of a person, can stan affectu- an emotional state, shvidko opanovuє people, gurglingly flowing and characterized by a significant change of confidence, an additional self-control, inadequate to the situation actions. Therefore, people who are weaker to affectives cannot be admitted to especially unsafe robots Shards of affect can be the main cause of an unfortunate depression, accident, etc.

mood- the whole emotional state of a person, which forms the character of a break in the mental processes and behavior of a person by stretching the song period. Tendencies can be the cause of unsafe situations - to bring a person to a reduction in practicality, insufficiency, to active activities in the underdogs, who are guilty, thin. To that practitioner, who has an emotionally humiliated mood, then, it is possible to temporally fall asleep in the wake of the victorious and scho with a high, unsafe operation.

Will- the same form of mental activity of a person, as it is characterized by the regulation of the very person of his behavior (to exchange or other types of activities, that spontaneously, in their reach, put meti). The main characteristics of the will are: svіdomіst spryamovanіst dіy dіy on reach meti, svіdomlennya obmezhen, scho signifies a real situation. For professional activity, scho vymagaє shvidkih, rіshuchih and svіdomlenih diy guilty zaluchachitsya people with a strong will.

The antipode of a strong will is such a quality of a person, like a vibe, restlessness, lack of will, impulsiveness. That is why people with similar traits cannot be victorious for vikonanny vidpovidalnyh robit, depending on the life of people, the camp of a technically chimney object, it is possible to blame an accident on an emergency situation.

Lie down to mental states motivation, as already closely sticking with the emotional-volitional sphere Under the motivation, the continuum of bazhan, aspirations, spontaneous, motives, installations of those other spontaneous forces of specialness is understood. One of the important motives of people is the safety of security. The innocence of a weakened motive can get people out of an unsafe situation.

Motivation is related to other concepts of safety practice - a risk, which can be motivated and unmotivated (bezkorislivim). The reasons for the risky behavior can be either vigoda or not be safe, whether it’s a waste, or a bad program.

The readiness to risk of an individual is determined by his psychological power (character, temperament, lightness, etc.)

Psychic power, which features characterize the quality of special features (intellectual, emotional, volitional, moral, labor). The main mental power of a person, which is injected into yoga safety, is temperament.

Human character depends on the succession of individual psychological authorities, which are typical for a particular special situation for singing conditions and the same setting before them. The continuum of psychological traits establishes the structure of the character. The nature of the practitioner is to blame for the professional selection.

Temperament- the characteristics of dynamic psychological features: intensity, speed, pace, rhythm of mental processes and states. By temperament, people are subdivided into choleric, melancholic, phlegmatic and sanguine. The temperament of people, just like their character, in a singing rank pours into the safety of work (for example, melancholic people often become victims of unfriendly environments).

Psychological become. In psychology, safety of work, it is important to think of mental states, to die of that especially mental state. They signify the peculiarities of mental activity at a specific moment (period) hour and can apply both positive and negative pressure through the duration of all mental processes, also, and on safety, productivity and efficiency of work.

At the process of labor activity of mentality, people can be:

Trivalimi, yakі signify the appointment of a person to the work he has won and that її zagalny psychological mood. Tse, satisfaction and dissatisfaction with the work done, the presence of obstruction in the workforce, the psychological climate in the labor collective is poor;

Timchasovs, who are blamed through various damages to the general process, malfunctions, conflict situations;

Periodically, due to the mood for active diyalnist and bazhannym pratsyuvati abo, navpaki, with reduced readiness to work, tomoy, overexertion, drowsiness, apathy, tedium, caused by one-mannitstyu and monotony of work.

Borderline and special (paroxysmal) forms of mental stress

Efficiency of activity and practice depends on the level of mental tension (stress). Supermundane forms of mental tension are indicated as a substitute, which calls for the disintegration of mental activity, which reduces the level of mental practice.

There are two possible types of mental strain - galmive and awake.

The galvanic type is characterized by scootism and upovilnenistyu ruhiv. With this, the quickness of the reactions in the mind decreases, the mind process improves, the memory gets worse, the roaming and other negative signs appear, which are not powerful for people in a calm state.

The awake type is manifested by hyperactivity, richness, three hands and voice. With such a state, people show unpowerful drastically, ardor, sharpness, rudeness, and razlivost.

Trials of psychic tension and, especially, their secondary forms lead to extreme states of languor.

To the special mental states, which may be important for the mental strength of the staff, that people's minds have collapsible technical and technological systems, to lie paroxysmal disorders of the bridge, tobto. psychogenic change of mood and state of mind, associated with the use of mentally active drugs (tranquilizers, stimulants, alcoholic drugs).

Paroxysmal stasis is a group of disorders caused by ailments of the brain and other causes (epilepsy, restlessness).

Psychogenic change of mood and affectiveness become blamed for the influx of psychic arousals, with which baiduzhіst, mlyavіst, blatant scurrilousness, galvanization, upovіlnennya myslennya appear.

Effective become(Vibukh of emotions) can develop under the influx of images, images, foreshadowing and other failures. In such a state, a person develops a decrease in the obligation of information. With every possible sharp change, aggressive and ruinous action. Individuals, skhilnі to affective states, lie down to the category of increased risk of injury. The medicinal and alcoholic changes of the mental state will be blamed on the results of the treatment of various psychopharmacological diseases. The intake of light stimulants (tea, kava) increases the effectiveness, and the intake of active stimulants (pervitin, phenamine) can cause a negative effect of worsening self-perception, lowering the speed of reaction and other.

The introduction of tranquilizers in the type of seduxen or elenium is expected to calm down and prevent neurosis, at the same time lowering mental activity, improving the reaction, and also causing apathy and drowsiness. Drinking and alcoholism also have a negative impact on practice, and post-alcohol asthenia (hangover), moreover, leading to galvanism and a decrease in sensitivity.

In this way, the control of the mental state of the staff in the field of work and the life of administrative visits can positively contribute to the speed of injuries and the improvement of the reliability of the work of folding systems.

3 . Trfucking before power

The security of hygiene and the safety of work will require singing changes, and planning for the future of work and work.

The main normative act, which regulates the government before the government and the use of industrial facilities, is the sanitary norms for the design of industrial enterprises (SNB 1.04.01-04).

A single norm of rozmіrіv vyrobnicheskikh prismіshchen can not be, the shards must be deposited due to the nature of the virobnytstva. Sanitary standards stipulate that the total area of the dermal application of the dermal application is less than 15 m 3, and the area of the cutaneous application of the dermal application of the fenced walls with partitions is less than 4.5 m 2 of the cutaneous application.

The height of the premise of the premise from the pidlog to the wall is not less than 3.2 m, and the premise of the energy and transport and warehouse state is not less than 3 m, at which the height of the premise from the pidlog to the bottom of the structures, which protrude, and the covering element is to blame or overlap not less than 2 6 m.

Budіvnitstvo bugatopoverkhovy budіvel for mashinobudіvny zavod z іgієnіchnіchnoї point є nedozіlnym. In such buildings, it becomes more difficult to deal with noise, vibrations and cloudiness.

One-surface budіvlі zі svіtlovіmі і aeratііnі likhtarі, zіnіmnymi plaza іbіchnogo slіnnya і pokrittya, vykonanі zі slоzalіzоbetonu, mayut a number of things about the security of high level of natural lighting at the premises and ventilation.

An important meaning for natural ventilation may be the expansion of that planning for the future.

The organization of the technological process is responsible for ensuring the maintenance of marginally permissible shky houses near the work area. Traveling is not allowed.

Dotrimannya marginal allowable concentrations can reach us in front of the way of advanced organization of technological processes and rationalization of possession; ensuring the safety of virobnicheskih processes; complex mechanization and automation of manufacturing processes; complex mechanization and automation of virobnicheskih operations with automatic or remote control and management; complete sealing of possession, communication, clearing of wikis; constructive vbudovanie vіdsmoktuvachami; replacement of dry methods of processing saw materials with wet ones, etc.

Sistemi scorched virobnichih budіvel povinnі zabezpechuvati rіvnomіrny nagrіvannya povіtrya in primіschennі, central mozhlivіst that mіstsevogo regulyuvannya that vimknennya, perebuvati in uv'yaztsі іz system ventilyatsії not stvoryuvati nadmіrnogo noise, not Buti Jerel zabrudnennya povіtrya, zabezpechuvati zruchnіst ekspluatatsії, dostupnіst to repair that obslugovuvannya, and also vrakhovuvati perspective development.

When power systems central scorching next I find the temperature of the heating devices accept no more than 130° for water scorching and no more than 110° for systems steam scorching. All heating fittings with a surface temperature of over 90°, roztasovanny in accessible places for dotik, owing to the safety of outside screens, to avoid the fall-off opikiv.

Naturally, that piece of illumination of virobnichih and additional facilities is guilty of satisfying the majority of SNiP 23-05-95 and Norms piece lighting undertakings of machine-building, precision fittings and ship-building, approved by the decision of the Presidium of the Central Committee of professional production of working machine-building.

Work place, come on in, pass through the innocent, get drunk with syrovina, drink finished products that finished products. The cordons of the passages and laying maidanchikiv are marked with visible white lines of the rim less than 50 mm.

4 . Organization and securityI’m not gas safe and I’m fire robit

ri organizatsii robit іz pіdvishchennuyu nebezpekoyu next cheruvatisya such impassioned vimogami:

1. Compile a list of jobs from a promoted insecurity. Warehouse technical kerіvnik organizations, the certificate of the service of the protection of the workplace Approved the certificate of the organization.

2. Assign special qualifications for the preparation of that vikonnannya robit from the advanced insecurity: person responsible for the preparation of the work; a person who is victorious for vikonannya robit. The order of acknowledgment of major errors confirms the foundation of the organization.

3. Expand the instructions for the carefree vikonnannya work from the promoted insecurity. Folding a person, vіdpovіdalnu for safe vikonannya robit iz podvischenoy nebezpekoyu, zatverdzhu tehnіchny kerіvnik organіzatsії.

4. Razrobity come in schodo carefree robit z podvischenoyu nebezpekoyu, including come in, scho vykonuyutsya with confusion robots, with robots in the minds of pracyuyuchy virobnitstv, near spores, communications, near or at installations that work. Putting a person, victoriously for the safety of vikonannya robit from the promoted unsafety, confirming the technical kerіvnik of the organization.

5. Viconati organizational visits. Vіdpovidalny kerіvnik robot.

* Issued alongside-tolerance for work with advanced security.

* For the necessary arrangements, along with the admission of services in the middle of the organization.

* Please agree with the permit with organizations - clerks of communications near the area of work carried out with advanced health problems.

* Control over vikonannyam could, if they are presented to the staff, which vikonuє work with advanced health problems.

* Admission to work (after the completion of technical (preparatory) visits).

* Tsіl'ovy іnruktazh vykonavtsіv.

* The sight of that control under the hour of vedennya robs z advanced nebezpekoyu.

* Making a break, translating that end of the work with the advancement of insecurity.

6. Vikonati technical (preparatory) come in. A person who is responsible for the preparation of the work from the promoted insecurity.

Technіchnі (pіdgotovchі) come vykonuyutsya fallow in the form of vykonuvannoї robotics and induced at the vіdpovіdnih divisions navchalno-methodical help.

7. Appreciate the care, yakі to ensure the safety of the practitioners during the hour of the work of the work with the increased insecurity. Vidpovidalny kerіvnik robit. Koshti collective individual zakhistu(ЗІЗ) that zastosovuyutsya pіd hour robіt іz pіdvishchennoy nebezpekoyu, vynachayutsya for skin appearance robіt. Deyakі see ZІZ, yakі zastosovuyutsya pіd hour robіt іz pіdvishchennoy nebezpekoy, induced at the vіdpovіdni razdіlakh navchalno-methodical help.

Fire robots

Vimogi security for an hour of carrying out fire work

Before vognevih robіt (RR) vіdnosyatsya virobnichі operatsії, pov'yazanі іz zastosuvannyam vіdkritogo Vaughn, іskroutvorennyam that nagrіvannyam materіalіv i konstruktsіy to a temperature zdatnoї viklikati Ziman: elektrozvaryuvannya, gazozvaryuvannya, benzorіzka, gasorіzannya, payalnі robot mehanіchna obrobka metal music of utvorennyam іskor toscho. .

For the conduct of all types of OR on timchasovyh mіstsyah (krim budіvelnyh maidanchikіv and private domolodіn) cerіvnіk ob'єkta zobov'yazaniya issue a work order - admission at vidpovіdnіst to vimog Rules fire safety(PPB 01-03).

Zagalni vimogi safety at vikonannі elektrozvaryuvalnyh and gazopolumnyakh robіt

Vimogi security at vikonannі elektrozvaryuvalnyh and gas zvaryuvalnyh robit presented in International Rules for the protection of work at electric gas-filling robots (POT RM-020-2001).

Mіstsya virobnitstvа zvaryuvalnyh and gazopolumnyakh robіt mаyut but bezpechenі zaspezhenі zazhogogаsіnnya.

The working area of the zvaryuvalnikov at the place where the fire was opened with an arc-shaped owe, but in the middle of the working area and passing through non-combustible screens (screens, shields) of the curtain is not less than 1.8 m-code.

When zvaryuvanni on vіdkrytomu poіtrі fencing next to put at times one-hour work, how many zvarnikіv near one kind of one that on the plots of intensive movement of people.

Zvaryuvalnі works on the vіdkritomu povіtrі pіd o'clock the board and the snowfall can be pinned.

Georeferencing virobnitstva elektrozvaryuvalnih i gazopolum'yanih robіt on danomu and takozh on nizhcheroztashovanih tiers (for vіdsutnostі vognetrivkogo zahisnogo abo decking flooring, zahischenogo vognetrivkim materіalom) povinnі Buti zvіlnenі od zgoryanih materіalіv in radіusі not less then 5 m, and od is the vibuhonebezpechnih materіalіv obladnannya balonіv toscho ) - the radius is not less than 10 m.

In electric cooking devices, those living elements, which are under pressure, are due to being closed by fenced outbuildings.

When cutting elements of construction, you can but come alive, come in against the falling collapse of broken elements.

The electrical installation (reversing, zvaryuvalny transformer is too thin) automatic wimicach, and when the idle speed is over 70 V, it is necessary to stop automatically turn on zvaryuvalny transformer.

Electric welders are responsible for the electrical safety group not lower than II.

For arc charging, it is necessary to insulate the wire rope cables, secure them to the maximum electrical load, and improve the reliability of the charging cycle. Z'dnannya zavaryuvalnyh cables sled carried out by pressing or by soldering with a farther insulation.

Connecting cables to the zvaryuvalnoy possession can be carried out for additional pressing or soldered cable lugs.

When laying or moving heating wires, it is necessary to live in the entrances against poor insulation and sealing with water, olive oil, steel ropes and hot pipelines. Vіdstan vіd vіd vіd zvaryuvalіnіh provіdіvі to hot pipingіvіvі vіdnіv z sour maє bіbuti not less than 0,5 m, vіd combustible gases - not less than 1 m.

The metal parts of the electric welding equipment, which are not under tension, as well as the vibrations and structures that are being welded, are grounded for the whole hour, and at the welding transformer, in addition, the grounding bolt of the body is to blame secondary winding, Until which the turnaround is connected.

Like a deadly dart or yogo elements, you can use vikoristan steel tires and structures, so that they can be safely overheated by the heating of the strumum.

Z'ednannya among itself okremih elementіv, scho zastosovuetsya like zvorotniy darts, can be nadіynym i vykonuvatisya on bolts, zatskach or zvaryuvannyam.

It is fenced with vicoristovuvaty as a turning point of the metal parts of communications: water supply, heat supply, gas pipelines, etc., as well as metal structures budіvel that building technologically equipped.

The fastening of the gas pipeline sleeves on the nipples of the palniks and the reducers, as well as at the places of the z'ednanny sleeves, it is necessary to fasten them with clamps.

It is allowed to tie the sleeves with soft steel (knitted) with a dart no less than two months along the length of the nipple.

It is not allowed to stop gasoline cutters for an hour and a half-hour of gas-polomum robots at tanks, wells and other closed tanks.

One-hour vikonannya elektrozvaryuvalnyh and gazopolumnyah robіt middle єmnosti not allowed.

When vikonannі elektrozvaryuvalnyh and gazopolum'yanyh robots use the middle of the containers or empty construction of the working space next to ensure ventilation.

At the time of vikonannya zvaruvalnyh robit іz zastosuvannyam zrіdzhenih gazіv (propane, butane, argon and carbonic acid) ventilation ventilation guilty mother vіdsmoktuvannya from below.

Zvaryuvalny transformer, acetylene generator, balloons with zrіdzhenim gas due to be placed in positions, in which the zvaryuvannya is carried out.

When virobnitstvі zvaryuvalnyh robіt at primіshchennyah small obyagu, scho nasty ventilated, closed containers, wells too. it is necessary to zastosuvannya zasobіv іndivіdualnogo zahistu eyes and organіv breath.

Illumination for the hour of lighting or gas-half-light robots in the middle of metal containers is guilty for the help of lamps, installed bells, and hand-held portable lamps with a voltage of no more than 12V.

Preparation and carrying out of fire work on vibration-unsafe ones vibrations.

Zagalni vimogi

Fire-fighting work on vibro-fire-safe and vibu-ho-fire-safe objects (RD 09-364-00) are allowed at wine vaults, if it is not possible to carry out fire work at a specially designed place for the fire.

It is not allowed to allocate a post office for carrying out fire work in fire-insecure and vibro-fire-insecure places.

Fire works on vibration-insecure and vibration-fire-insecure objects are carried out only in daytime(because of the blame for emergency vipadkiv).

Preparing and carrying out fireworks includes coming in:

1. Registration of a work permit. To carry out all kinds of fireworks on timchasovyh mіstsyah (krіm budіvelnyh maidanchikіv and privatnyh domolodin) cerіvnik ob'єkta zobov'yazaniya issue an outfit - admission.

Attire - admission - the order for the fireworks, drawn up on a special form of the inserted form, as a sign of the fireworks, the hour of the beginning and the end, the obligation and the morning of the preparation of the fire, the last of the fire, come in safely during the control of the fire, the order was carried out the middle of the work and the protection of osіb, vidpovіdalnyh for the preparation and conduct of the fire robit, the warehouse of the brigade.

Attire - admission is issued, zapovnyuєtsya and is carried out for a special procedure. Pogodzhennya along with - the admission is carried out v_dpovidno to RD 09-364-00, p.p. 2.6 and 2.7.

2. Development of instructions for safe management of fire robots.

Vmogi іnstruktsії z zbezpechennya voznevyh robіt in organіzatsії owe not lower for established standard іnstructієyu.

3. Rozrobka zakhodіv schodo safe carrying out fire robіt.

4. Appointment of certificates of honor for the preparation and conduct of fire work.

Ker_vnik pіdrozdіlu, where fireworks are carried out, assigning osіb, vіdpovіdalnyh for their preparation and conduct. Perelіk osіb, yakі priyavlyayutsya vіdpovіdalnymi for the preparation of fire robots, zatverdzhuєtsya kerіvnik organіzatsiї.

5. Carrying out preparatory work ( technical entries).

6. Admission to work, briefing of vikonavtsiv.

Admission to vikonannya fire robots is a person who is confirmed for their conduct, after receiving the possession of that re-verification, I will become a master of the middle. Before the cob of fire, a person, vidpovidalna for their conduct, conducts health briefing with vikonavtsy shdo dotrimannya come safely.

7. Control over vikonannym could, if presented to the staff.

Individuals who have undergone special training are allowed to conduct firefighting work, to qualify for qualifications and a ticket for fire safety equipment. Individuals allowed to carry out fire-fighting work are obliged to undergo a re-examination of knowledge for the protection of practice and carefully undergo a medical examination. Before independent work individuals younger than 18 years of age are not allowed.

8. Control of the hour of the fire work.

The supervisor of the structural subdivision ensured control over the dotrimany and could provide instructions for the safe management of fire robots. The control of the inflamed medium is carried out by a person who is responsible for the preparation of fire robots.

9. Watching over the vikonnannya in the fire works after their completion.

The head of the change changed the place, the robots were victorious in the fire, they kept guarding him for 3 years, with the method of turning off the possibility of burning.

Preparatory work (technical visits)

The preparation of the object for carrying out the fire work is carried out by the operational personnel who have specially seen a special animal, in addition to the work performed on the object by a third-party organization.

Vіdpovіdalnymi vykonannya pіdgotovchih robіt can be recognized only as a specialist of this object.

Before the preparation of the robots, all kinds of robots are seen, connected with the preparation of possession, communications, constructions for fire robots.

The procedure for carrying out preparatory work for offensives at maturity is up to RD 09-364-00.

1. An unsafe zone is designated, between which it is indicated by foreign inscriptions and signs.

2. Mіstsya zvaryuvannya, razannya, heating thinly. are marked by a creid, farboi with other well-visible signs of recognition.

3. Apparatus, machines, tanks, pipelines, on which fire works will be carried out, fire works are to be carried out, fire works are to be carried out, they are connected to the products that are stored in them, including plugs to fire equipment and communications and prepared before the fire work is carried out (PPB 01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01-01 .16.3). .4).

4. Starting equipment, recognized for turning on machines and mechanisms, is guilty of buti nestrumlena, that is vitally entered, which turns on the early start.

5. Maidanchiki, metal structures, constructive elements of the bud, which are located in the area of fire work, must be cleaned from vibro-unsafe, vibro-unsafe and even unsafe cavities.

6. Poisonous winds, come out of trays, tie up with sewers, in which they can be combustible gas and steam, may be blocked.

7. On the occasions of the fireworks carried out, you must be alive, come in whenever you turn off the fireworks. Use the inspection, technological and other hatches, ventilation, installation and other openings at the places where the fire works are carried out, but they are covered with non-combustible materials (PPB 01-03, clause 16.3.8).

8. The place for carrying out fire-fighting work may be provided with the necessary first-hand fire-fighting services.

9. During the first hour of carrying out fireworks, the responsibility is to carry out periodic monitoring of the mill of the incinerated medium in the apparatuses, communications, on which the appointments of work are carried out in the unsafe zone.

It is allowed to start a fire, as the presence of vibro-unsafe and vibu-ho-poo-unsafe speeches in the affected medium does not exceed the permissible concentrations.

In times of displacement in the place of vibrations of unsafe speech in the unsafe zone in the middle of the apparatus, or the pipeline, fired robots are negligently attached and only after the manifestations of the causes of gas contamination and the restoration of a normal reflux of the medium.

Under the hour of carrying out the fire, the robots are harrowed (PPB 01-03, p. 16.3.18):

* Proceed to work in case of faulty equipment;

* carry out fireworks on freshly manufactured structures and fireboxes;

* beat up clothes and mittens with traces of oils, fats, gasoline, extinguishers and other combustible rivers;

* save clothes, easy-to-carry light (LZR), combustible light (GR) and other combustible materials in the loading cabins;

* to admit to independent work of scientists, as well as practitioners, as they do not have a qualification certificate and a coupon for fire safety equipment;

* allow dotik electric darts with balloons with stislim, zrіdzhenimi and different gases;

* carry out work on devices and communications filled with combustible and toxic speeches, and also know electrical voltage;

* one hour to carry out fireworks with the installation of waterproofing and vapor barriers on the roof, installation of panels with combustible and highly combustible insulation, stickers on the cover and work on the application of stagnation of combustible varnishes, adhesives, mastics and other combustible materials.

Individuals, vidpovidalnі for carrying out fire work, their binding

Vidpovidalnistvo for rozrobku and implementation of the entry into the fire safety during the fire work carried out in the organization is relied on the organization’s engineers, as well as on the basis, as in the established order recognized as viable for the fire safety.

Organize the conduct of fire-fighting work in the organization and bear the responsibility for the advancement and the safety of an attacking individual:

* a qualified person who confirms the work permit for carrying out fire-fighting work (certifier of the organization, head engineer);

* Structural construction workmanship, where fire works are to be carried out;

* The person responsible for the preparation of fire robots, the construction of technical entrances, the preparation of the possession of such communications (assigned by the engineer to the pilot). Perelik osib, yakі vіdpovіdat for the preparation of fire robots, solidifying the foundation of the organization. Vіdpovіdalnymi for vykonannya pіdgotovchih robіt can but be recognized as less fahіvtsі pіdrozdіlu, where the work is carried out;

* A person who was recognized for carrying out fire-fighting work. Assigned by the engineer to the engineer from the number of engineering and technical practitioners to the engineer who did not take part in the technical process knowing the rules safe fire-fighting work on vibuho-not-safe and vibu-ho-fire-not-safe objects;

* head change;

* Vikonavtsi.

Obov'yazki osіb, vіdpovіdalnyh for the preparation and conduct of fire robots (VR):

Book of organization

* Vіdpovіdає for rozrobku and realization zakhodіv schodo zabezpechennya sіd vіdnya vіd vіdnya BP;

* confirm the instructions for safe management of the OR in the organization;

* approve the list of certificates, vouchers for the preparation of the PR;

* confirm the work permit for the production of the OR.

Ker_vnik pіdrozdіlu

* rozroblyaє come in for a careless guide OP;

* Assign special qualifications for the preparation and selection of the OR;

* You see a work permit for the production of OR;

* Pogodzhuє s pozhozhnoy service order-tolerance;

* reviewing the frequency of visits, so that they ensure the safety of the OP;

* sign a work permit;

* zdіysnyuє control over dotrimannym vmog іnstruktsії schodo safe vіdnja OR.

Vіdpovidalny for preparation of GR

* zdіysnyuє come in, scho to ensure the safety of the OR;

* inform the worker of the sum (technologically connected) engineer about the hour of carrying out fire work, about the inclusion of communications;

* setting the place for conducting the OR and having the right to select the OR of an individual who is qualified for the selection of the OR;

* sign a work permit;

* Zdіysnyuє control over the mill of the treated medium in the zone of production of the OR.

Vіdpovidalny for the production of VR

* accept the opportunity for the selection of the OR in an individual, which is responsible for the preparation of the OR;

* reconsidering the presence of fire extinguishing agents;

* conduct briefings for vikonavtsiv before they are allowed to work;

* reviewing the validity of the connection to the right to conduct BP and coupons for fire safety;

* zdіysnyuє admission to the work of vikonavtsіv, perevіryaє zabezpechenіst zasobami zakhistu, zokrema with special clothes;

* zdіysnyuє control of robotic vikonavtsіv;

* control of the mill of the inspected center of the house carried out by the OR;

* reconsidering the place of the OR after its completion.

The head of the change of goiter to tell the staff about the conduct of fire work at the facility and safety safe conduct technological process. After the end of the fireworks, they turned over the place, the stinks were victorious, and they guarded him for 3 years with the method of switching off the possibility of burning.

5 . Flaming speeches

According to the physical and chemical powers of the inflammable speech, divide it into 5 classes: retail, emulsions, stumps, suspensions and solid speech.

The widest range of fire extinguishers and the creation of fenced smugs. Gasіnnya dosyagaєtsya znizhennyam temperature in zonі gorіnnya to pripinennya Vaughn, іzolyatsієyu pal'nite materіalu od CHIN ball gazіv scho not pіdtrimuyut gorіnnya, stvorennyam on poverhnі gorіnnya tverdoї abo rіdkoї vognetrivkoї plіvki, utvorennyam of fuel materіalom mіtsnih hіmіchnih spoluk, pererivannyam reaktsії gorіnnya in polum'yanіy. Mustaches of fire extinguishing are assessed at the expense of water.

WATER

Water is the most efficient the best zasib for keruvannya gorіnnyam naftovyh. However, in the case of equalizations, lead against the speeches of the class A є vіdmіnnostі in the ways of extinguishing those їkh nasledki.

Water is cheap in a lot of times and may be specific to a high-cold building when pouring into any kind of speech. When the mountains are full of speeches, in the weather of the mountain, it may be only after that, as it is hard, or a little fire, or it boils, or it comes out of yoga sublimation, in a burst of heat, and gases appear, or products of sublimation. Obviously half a mind - tse scorching gas. If at half-moon they pour water at the mountains of wood or other similar combustible materials, the most important task is to cool the tree so that it does not burn yet, to develop the development of the appearance of combustible gas streams from its surface and in this way cut off the life of the half-day from the vaporization.

PINA TA PINNE OBLADNNNYA

Extinguishing after the sound, reach the victorious fresh or salty water in the wake of the cold cold building. However, when extinguishing naphtha, if it is smaller, lower water, you can achieve a greater effect, quenching the sting, so that the naphtha burns, attaching sour to it.

Properly prepared that zastosovuvana pina legsha for naphtha and water. It curves and sticks well to cold, vertical and horizontal surfaces. It freely spreads on the surface of the surface of the countryside and creates a gap, a more impenetrable postyne veil, curling a combustible vapor from the penetration into the air. She will stand against the wind, bake them in the half-light, and in the months of peace, she will close it herself. Pina save your power to do it long.

DRY CHEMICALS (powder)

Dry chemical speeches are revitalized by a special action when extinguishing hot fires. Shvidke extinguishing reaches for the mind, that the fire-extinguishing powder covers the surface, so that it burns without interruption.

Dribnorosporosheny powder breaks up the reaction, inhibiting the oxidation process without intermediary half a day.

Dry chemical agents effective for small burns:

burn the spilled fire, or if it burns, it will fall, or it will be a jet. Yakshcho is the risk of re-sleeping in half-moon or baked on the surface, dzherela borrowed debt but repaid it or cooled it with water and covered it with pine for safety, and dzherela fired owed buti turned on, as it is possible, to the cob extinguished. Є kіlka types of dry chemical speeches, enriched with components, in order to give them plinnіst and vodovidstovhuvalnі authority.

SODIUM BICARBONATE (powder)

Zvichayny dry chemical, not too expensive. Tsej zasіb is not mixed with protein pins, because metal stearate additives call for the ruining of protein pins. Dry chemicals are not guilty of stagnation overnight - until or after the stagnation of protein pine.

PHOSPHATE MONOAMONIA

Phosphate monoammonium or sumish monoammonium and phosphate diamonium is a rich dry chemical. Effective at extinguishing fires of rare and gas-like combustible speeches of class B, wines are also the only dry chemical for extinguishing small fires of combustible speeches of class A.

CARBON GAS (CO)

The facility for carbon dioxide is based on a distant air and, in such a rank, sour, which is known in the new. In the atmosphere, what to revenge

enough quantity of CO, the mountain cannot continue, and the fire is extinguished, but the fire kills people.

Cold air CO, less important, and it can be suffocated through the low calorific value of CO, -

CO is a barless, non-flammable gas with a weak sour smell and relish. The wine is important for repeating and after the release is collected in the lowest places of accommodation.

The intake of CO in closed spaces is only to be carried out after a necessary advance. The physical power of SO, as we bachili - "strangled" after. Such an injection on people, 4% CO, for obsyagy in the atmosphere calls for a waste of information. A concentration of 8% calls for death in 30-60 minutes, and a higher concentration of CO can call for death in 3 or 4 minutes. For fire extinguishing, a concentration of 30% is used.

HALOGENIC HYDROCARBONATES

Halogen products may need power for small zastosuvan during fire extinguishing. The stink of great vibes. Tse zrіdzhenі gasi with a great thicket, yakі it is easy to save.

The stench is easy to pass at the gas-like mill and does not fill the tracks.

The stench is pure inflammable speech.

Also, there is a wide spread of offensive chemical speeches: inorganic salts(Sa and Mg chloride, ammonium sulfate 15 - 20% of ammonium sulfate (NH4) 2SO4, superficially active speech(PAR) (sulfanol, nekal, miyuchy zasib "Progress"); zasusniks, which ensure swelling for mixing in a "viscous sumish" and a decrease in the speed of evaporation; smoke-inducing sumish, to give a stable aerosol (FOS-1 and FOS-2).

Flame retardant emulsions- Purification of inorganic salts and halogenated carbohydrates. Rozchin good to extinguish the vugillya, and galoidovuglevodnі - half a day. To convert stable emulsions to flammable emulsions, add an emulsifier and freon. Freon emulsions EC-1, EC-2, EF-1, EF-2 it is possible to turn the water over as much as possible, but more effectively water 4-5 times. Vykoristovuyut also ґrunt, ґrunt for zasipannya.

Like a mechanical machine, vikoristovuyut ground thrower, which throws the edges of the fire and the laying of the mineralized smuga. You can close the edge with a height of up to 2.5 m on a height of up to 40 m.

6 . First help with opikakh and frostbite

Opiks- tissue injuries that are called

High or even low temperatures;

Radiation, sleepy changes and other dzherel ultraviolet changes, x-rays and gamma changes;

With harsh chemicals: an electric strum, which pierces a cold body - it may have a heating effect and a blood pharynx, which can disrupt the respiratory system and heart activity;

Terty.

Poshkodzhennya fabrics will be continued, if you don’t get rid of this reason for the change. From the same time, the first help helps in the possibility of lowered (or increased) temperatures, the presence of an injured person in the presence of radiation, in the presence of caustic chemicals, shaking them with a shield and / or a wash.

DEPTH OF OPERATION

Glibina is an indicator of the seriousness of the opiku; according to them, to judge what the victim needs rejoicing, and if so, then so. According to their depth, they are divided into three categories.

Surface The stench is less than a superficial ball, calling out blackness, plumpness, that soreness. Sound the stench miraculously pass without leaving scars. Dribnі surfacial opіki іnоdіnоnіt nоvіt vimаgаyut respect medicіv.

Middle. After them, bulbs are described, which, when opened, can lead to infection of the surface of the body.

Gliboki. The stench vrazhayut shkіra to the whole clay and become siri, waxy and charred. Through damage to the nerves, great pains become painful. Great opiks sound to lie down to the category of deep ones.

AREA OPIKU

The greater the area of \u200b\u200bthe opіku, the greater the weight of the yoga. Navіt superficial opіki can become unsafe, even if the stench is even greater. In case of opikakh with a diameter of over 3 cm, you should go to the doctor. Be it a person who suffered from an operation over 9% of the surface of the body, requiring hospitalization. In case of great opiks, the main problem of life is surgical shock and infection. For the first 48 years, the most safe way of infection.

· Hot clothes

People wear a lot of serious clothes, especially light ones, such as no shirts. The fire, which has fallen on the hem, quickly expands uphill, as if a person is left to stand on their feet or live.

YAKSCHO IS BURNING ODYAG

1. Negainno zmusіt sufferer to lie down.

2. Whisk a dry powder fire extinguisher, for example, or try to beat it in half with an important material. Tsim wi pin the tide again until the fire. As if nothing could be done under the hand, lay the victim sideways on the ground, crushing the half-mind with his body.

You can't beat nylon. Do not allow the injured person to roll on the ground;

WHEN IS PAID

The coming of the terms of the task is to cool the victim quickly.

Shvidke cooling and preventing infection

1. A hot robe can call for serious opika, so know yoga, or cool it with water.

2. By stretching the coming 10 chills, cool the ailing one, waving on a new wind or cold water.

3. Phone for medical help.

4. Reverse, chi vіlnі dikhalnі ways.

5. Cover the eyes with clean servets to reduce the risk of infection.

6. Regularly give the injured person to drink cold water, as if it were wine, to restore the spent homeland.

Opkiki vіd okropu and hot obtіvіv

Mіzh opіkami vіd okropu and hot obtіvіv v nemaє great ї raznitsi; in both cases, tissue injury is manifested by high temperature. The damage to the fabrics is felt quickly, and here it’s more important that you can build a rattler, at the cost of negligently changing the temperature of the opik. Cooling down immediately changes the seriousness of the opiku and eases the strong bіl.

Obrobka op_kіv vіd okropu and hot obіvіv

1. See or see all the clothes that cover the scorched surface of the body.

2. See all potentially crushing objects (kiltsya, bracelets, year-old man) before you start to sag.

3. Rub the scorched place under a stream of cold water at least 10 strands. For the help of one single approach, you can reduce the severity of the guard, and the replacement of the important will appear easy. Її sled zastosovuvat naskіlki is possible with all opіka.

Do not smear with oils, ointments or lotions. Do not drill anything that has stuck to the tip.

You need a yakomoga trimati cilimi. For this, it is careful to put a soft pad with a ball of cotton wool on the beast and fix it, trying not to squeeze it on the opik, with a sticky line through it.

Obrobka broken mihuriv

1. Cover the broken bulbs with a sterile servlet, for example.

Rules for the protection of industrial enterprises. Rules for the protection of work at the enterprises

It's easy to send your harn to the robot to the basics. Vikoristovy form, raztastovanu below

Similar documents