Likarsky roslini. Raspberry zvichayna Raspberry zvichayna roslini
Raspberry zvichayna (Rúbus idáeus) - a liquor;
species of the genus Rubus
Rozhev family (Rosaceae).
Raspberries grow on dormouse spots behind trees, foxes and chagars. Vyroshchuetsya widely in the gardens.
Raspberry is a succulent - a spicy garland from a bagatoric rhizome, from which the court roots of the zavvishka substitution develop up to 1.5-2.5 m-code.
Rhizome derev'yaniste, zviviste, without a face adventitious root, which makes it possible to strengthen the root system of Vaughan lies in balls of 10-30 cm, except for the root can penetrate to a depth of up to 80-90 cm. the center of the bush. On the adnexal roots, brunki are established, giving daughter growths - root patches. On the їhnіy underground part, its own root system is being formed. In the coming fate, on the rhizomes of the syna, substitution groves appear, and a new bush of raspberries begins to grow independently, which intertwines with the main growth. The trivality of the life of the rhizome is close to 8-10 years.
stalks upright. The first rock is herbaceous, green with a dove-grass, covered with thin, ringing with partial hairpins. On the other river, the woods are wooded and swelled with a brown color; immediately after the fruiting wither. From the same root of advancing fate, new substitutions are growing.
leafing through oval, black, petiolate, with 3-7 ovoid leaves, pubescent with fine hairs, dark green to the beast, light green below. The largest leaf distribution is in the middle third of the vtech. In case of lack of lighting in the lower part of the pagon, the leaves fall off in the middle of summer.
Quotes white, about 1 cm, clustered in cymes, ruffled on the tops of pagons or leaf axils. pelyustki shorter than the calyx. In the middle smoothie, raspberry blossoms in red-linden. Quotes from both articles, so single-sorted plantings give a good harvest. Prote resawling of different varieties gives the best results for the quality and quantity of the yagid.
fruits- small hairy bushes that grew on flower beds in a folding plaid. Cleavage of cystian women between themselves and with a fruit bearing is a sign of a variety. Zim pov'yazanі technological dominance of yagіd: with German zcheplennі kіstyanok berries are easily decomposed. The fruits of the red color (from erysipelas to burgundy), varieties of the yellow black color (red-like) are grown.
Fruits z'yavlyayutsya sound another fate. In the first river on the replacement pagons in the axils of the leaves, two flowers are laid, from which fruits grow on the other river. In pivdenniy smuzy, the fruits grow on the pagons of the first fate, and in the middle of autumn.
Repairing varieties of raspberries
Repairman varieties of raspberries (kind of the French “repair”, which means varieties, what to replicate the main assortment of raspberries), adapted to the minds of the middle smog, give here good harvest on pagons of the first roku.
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Biology of raspberries
Raspberry light-loving. In case of lack of light: the middle of the pagons grow in it, then the berries ripen, the winter hardiness decreases, on the lower part of the pagon, nirs are formed, so as not to give a harvest. Likewise, the persecution of the substitution is more strongly affected by illnesses.
Raspberry viable to vology, prote suffers from the transcendental transition to soil. The greatest need for the hair is to repeat and the soil will be vigilant for the hour of ripening of the fruit and the intensive growth of the pagons.
Raspberries are more important than winter growth, wanting to grow wild and grow far away on the pivnochi. The freezing period is more pleasant for Suvori, and for the greater part the winters are less pleasant.
Vishcha firmness of raspberries until frost beware of leaf fall - breasts, as well as the tissues of the stems vitrimuyu temperature to minus 30-35°C. Vіdligi, yakі in the Middle Smoothies often happen in the sіchnі - fierce, reduce winter hardiness. Afterwards, the raspberry bark and nirka puff up already at a normal temperature of 25-30°C.
The root system of raspberries is more frost-resistant, it can be seen that the temperature in the balls drops to minus 16 ° C, - it does not sound in the Middle Smoothie (if there is a good snow curve).
Hanging pagoniv raspberries are kept under the hour in areas with strong winds. Todi pagons melt, and the ground is frozen over. The root, with whom, does not give the vologer to the above-ground part.
strawberryfarm.info/diskr.htm
Biological features of remontant raspberries
In the spring of skin rock from the underground part of the bush remontant cultivars sprout new pagons, and until the autumn they will yield fruit berries. Until the winter, the upper part of the flow, which bore fruit, shrinks. On a part of the flow, which is lost, in another river, fruits with berries are established, as they are in non-repairable varieties. In remontant varieties, it is possible to reduce the yield and on single and yard branches, however, to change the yield and increase the quality of the yagid. To that it is recommended to take off the birth less on single pagons, seeing them before the onset of frost. Single culture of remontant varieties of raspberries takes into account the problem of winter hardiness and winter drying of pagons. Read everything about the processing of remontant single culture.
History of growing raspberries
Raspberry is the widest yagidna culture, even savory is that korisna. It is important to know people, yak would not like raspberries. Her harvest is always good, as she is not infected with ailments and bugs. Raspberry is a natural pharmacy, malt, savory, healthy in nature, maybe, nothing.
The first reports about growing raspberries in gardens date back to the 4th century. Vіdomosti about garden raspberries in Europe, as a culture, appeared in the XVI century. Todі buli v_domi three gatunki. There are hundreds of them. Russia is the leader in the world market for growing raspberries, in 2005. - 175 thousand. tons (for porіvnyannya, Nіmechchinі has a total of 20 thousand tons). In the rest of the years, red raspberries, raspberries began to grow black, gloda, wine, Korean.
Repairman cultivars grown over 200 years old, but most of the old cultivars bear weak autumn fruiting. Thus, the raspberry variety Michurina "Progress" for friendly minds gives a small harvest of the autumn term of ripening.
Selection of single remontant raspberries in Russia will be carried out after 1970. The installation was carried out in a straight line - Kokinsky stronghold (Bryansk region) of the All-Russian Institute of Gardening and Gardening. Kerivnik of the program Professor I. V. Kozakov. For productivity, I give birth to the grade of Professor I. V. Kazakov richly overturned a lot of varieties.
Chemical warehouse, the color of power of raspberries
In raspberry berries, there are: water (about 90%); up to 11% tsukriv (glucose, sucrose, fructose); purini ethereal, pectin, white speech, nitrogenous speech; 1-2% organic acids (citric, salicylic, caproic, folic, malic - 5.1 µg per 100 g of the product); carotene (provitamin A) - 0.07 mg; manganese (210 mg) and mid (170 mg) zalizo (1200 mg), zinc (200 mg), potassium salts, manganese, iodine; vitamins B 9, B12, B 41 (thiamine) - 0.06 mg/100 g, B 42 (riboflavin) - 0.002 mg, vitamin C (ascorbic acid) - 25-50 mg, vitamin E (tocopherol) - 1.0 mg, vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) - 0.5 mg/100 g yagid, vitamin P (bioflavonoids); catechins (up to 80 mg), anthocyanins (100-250 mg), alcohols (vine, isoamyl, phenylethyl); barvniki, up to 0.3% of tannins. Our raspberries have up to 22% fatty oil.
In raspberry fruits, beta-sitosterol was revealed, which is ahead of cholesterol in the vessels and leading to sclerosis. Instead of beta-sitosterol, raspberries are supplied with less sea buckthorn. High hematopoietic inflow її yagid dopomogaє ahead of leukemia (leukemia).
In folk medicine, vicarious fruit is the fruit of raspberry leaves, as an antipyretic remedy for colds, flu; as well as sweating, for polypshennia etching (especially with low acidity of shell juice), shell pains, with undercrowding, zinzi, with alcohol intoxication as a sore throat.
The fruits of raspberries contain iodine, such a necessary person, especially with thyroid disease. Zavdyaki manifest in the berries of folic acid and saliva, raspberries live with impaired hematopoiesis. Core vitamins and biologically active speech.
It is not only raspberry berries that bring healing power, but the leaves, flowers, and roots of that root, which are victorious in folk medicine. In raspberry leaves, vitamin C is 8-10 times greater, less in berries.
From the zhovtnі they take buds, flowers, green berries, leaves that are left on the needles. Lay fresh leaves near the dishes, close them with a lid and wash them until the stench rises. Then, with the palms of the leaves, they hop around the roller, cut them into small pieces and curl up at the towel, lightly soaked in water. Soak for 2-3 days without light, then dry in the oven at a temperature of 50-60°C. They brew that drink, like a wonderful tea, korisno with a cold.
Savory, fragrant tea is also taken from raspberry flowers. Brew yoga like tea - 2-3 teaspoons per bottle of dill. It’s even better to add a little lemon and a teaspoon of honey. Drink tea from flowers in case of colds, wines not only lower the temperature, but also relieve intoxication.
From jagіd raspberries prepare jams, jams, jelly, marmalades, juices, compotes. Їx dry and freeze. Raspberry wines, liqueurs, liquors give you a taste of wine.
Contraindication for raspberries
Raspberry berries should not be planted in people with advanced bleeding, for example, from the nose. At the same time, it’s better to get a pivsklyanka of yagid for a day, for fear of sclerosis of the vessels.
Raspberry spicy - Rubus idaeus L.
Rozhev family - Rosaceae
Botanical characteristic. Root-growing napkin with a height of about 1.5 m. The leaves are imparipinnate with 3-5 ovoid, pilar patches along the edge, pubescent below. The cards were picked with tassels at the khurtovinnі sutsvіtya. The vіnochok is white, the eggs and queens are numerous, on a swollen flower bed. The plaid is a rounded selection of a stone, sounding of a red color (raspberry), up to 2 cm in diameter, it is composed of numerous stoneworts and juice pulp. Blossom in red-linden, bear fruit in lime-sickle.
Rozpovsyuzhennya. It grows most often in the European part of the country and Western Siberia, near the forest, forest-steppe and mountain regions.
Place of residence. In the middle of the river forest, along the knots, on the trees, windfalls, near the mountains after the fire, in the middle of the chagarniks, along the slopes. Tweak everywhere thick and great chagars.
Preparation of syrovin, primary processing, drying. The fruits are harvested only in dry weather, fully ripe, without flowers and flowers. They are stacked in small, shallow baskets or enameled buckets, shifting leaves or needles, and small pieces can be delivered in a short term to the drying place. Selected fruits are cleaned from leaves, chicks, as well as from immature, overripe, wrinkled and zipped fruits, as if inaccurate and untimely picking, they change and succumb.
Dry the syrovina after the forward drying in dryers at a step-by-step increase in temperature (30-50-60°C), spreading it in a thin ball on the fabric or paper carefully turning over.
Protective come in. Raspberries are actively propagated by rhizomes, as well as by fruit-fruits. Roslin clearly bear fruit in 3-4 years. When picking the syrovin, there was no trace of wiping and lamati chagarnik, especially odnorichny pagon. Roslin is dotsilno actively introduced into culture, zocrema in natural minds. They look over the fresh syrovina, the mechanical houses and the poshkodzhenі fruits.
Standardization. The quality of the serum is regulated by GOST 3525-75.
Microscopy. When looking at the surface of the fruit-carp, one can see richly cut cells of the epidermis, which can be even thin walls. The hair is of two types: a spiky one with a short one-cline lower and an oval two-cage (more sculled one-cline) head and a simple one-cline, thin-walled. Collisions are growing, most of them are breaking off the uterus with a rill. Clitini parenchyma soft fruits are large, thin-walled, revenge other friends of calcium oxalate. The mechanical tissue of the seed is formed from stony cells, which are folded in layers.
Numerical indications. Trochi vologa more than 15%; ash sols trocha more than 3.5%; pochornilih plodіv troch more than 8%; fruits that stick into breasts, no more than 4%; fruits with unseen flowers and flowers not more than 2%; leaves and parts of the raspberry stem not more than 0.5%; details of fruit particles, which pass through a sieve with openings with a diameter of 2 mm, three more than 4%; organic houses troch more than 0.5%, mineral - troch more than 0.5%.
Zovnishni signs. According to the scientific and technical documentation, the fruits have 30-60 folded tufts, which grew up, rounded-cone-shaped, about 1 cm in diameter. The color scheme is grayish-erysipelas (siro-brown-crimson). M'yakush is rozhevy, tassels are dark yellow. The smell is pleasant, characteristic. The taste is sour and licorice. The density of the gray house is reduced near the breast of fruits, other parts of raspberries and third-party growths, as well as mineral houses, flowers, rot, podribnenist. The rightness of the syrovin is confirmed by characteristic morphological signs.
Chemical warehouse. Fruit contains 2-3% organic acids (salicylic, malic, tartaric, citric), alcohol, anthocyanin cyanine, cyanidine diglycoside (farbuvalna speech), purine, vitamins B1, B2, PP, folic acid, sitosterol, catenins. Fresh fruits can contain glucose (2.8-4.2%), fructose (1.3-8.1%), sucrose (0.5-6.5%), levulose, dextrose, pectin (0.4-2 ,8%), saline salts, potassium and midi.
The leaves contain ascorbic acid (up to 300 mg%), carotene, trochic vitamins of group B and alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins (0.3-0.28%), phenol glycosides, phenolic acids, lactoni, tannins of speech. Use up to 15% fatty oil, phytosterol.
Saving. In a dry place, better on stretches, protecting against shkіdnikіv, fluffy packed in bears. The term of appurtenance up to 2 years.
Pharmacological power. The fruit of the raspberry mayut potogіnnu power. The presence of weak organic acids results in the release of pH value from puddle water, the removal of sechoic acid salts from the body, stimulates the vision, and reduces etching. Salicylic acid, which is found in fruits, can be antiseptic, antipyretic, diaphoretic, and antiseptic. At the given hour, raspberry leaves are actively spinning, the blood back of power has been established. Raspberry leaf extract may be hormone-like in experimental animals.
Medical care. Fruits of raspberry, nastіy, potogіnі zbori, raspberry syrup.
Zastosuvannya. Raspberry is a valuable medicinal and savory food. Її live in a fresh, dry and frozen look. Dried raspberries are brewed like tea: 1-2 teaspoons per bottle of dill. They take a hot look with cold ailments like a diaphoretic zasib. If I receive a drink, it is necessary to lie down at the bedside. Raspberries vikoristovuyut as a prophylactic and likuvalny zasib in case of damage to the exchange of speeches. Zastosovuyut raspberries for increased appetite in case of congestion of the bowel and intestines. Raspberries enter the warehouse of rich medicinal collections. For example, raspberries should be planted with anise, mother-and-leaf leaves, lime color, take from equal quantities (1 tablespoon each). For the sake of sumish, take 1 teaspoon per bottle of dill, brew like tea, take 3-4 bottles a day. Also prepare a drink from raspberry fruits with lime color, taken in equal parts (1 teaspoon of sumishi per bottle of okrop). Combine raspberry fruits with mati-y-machukha leaves (2 parts each) and mother grass (1 part). Brew, like tea, from rosemary 1 teaspoon sumishi per bottle of okrop, take 1 bottle 3-4 times a day.
Rubusidaeus L.
Taxon: Rosaceae family (Rosaceae)
Folk names: red raspberry, raspberry.
English: Raspberry
Description:
Raspberry zvichayna is a spiky prickly spicy garland with a rich rhizome and upright pagons up to 2 m in height. Pagons of the first rock are green, fluffy, at the lower part covered with thin brown thorns. On another river of life, the stinks of the villages, spend thorns, bear fruit, and then the fruiting dries up, and from the rhizomes new rіchnі pagons are established. Leaves chergove, lower - imparipiniste, with 5-7 leaflets on petioles, upper - three times with wide stipules that have grown to the petiole. The flowers are white, dry, not showy, with a pubescent greenish-gray filizhankoy, parts of which, when fruits are bent down, folded in dry, hurt-shield-like buds that emerge from the axils of the leaves. Vinochok іz 5 pelyustok. Plid - a selection of a kistyanka, raspberry-red color (in varieties that are cultivated, it has a yellow color). In wild raspberries, the bunches are easily disintegrated, in cultivated ones they grow vigorously. Nasіnnya dribne, hard, rounded.
Flowers in worms - lindens, fruits ripen in lindens - sickles. It is unsustainable to bear fruit behind rocks. On the її vozhaynіst strongly vplyvaє the weather is cold in the middle of the blooming hour, which is overflowing with coma, which is drunk. Reproduces mainly vegetatively (rozpodil, rhizomes, live bait) and now.
Width:
In the wild species, it is wider in the European part of the SND, Western Siberia, Kazakhstan, Central Asia, in the Urals and the Caucasus. Zustrichaetsya navit near the mountain tundra. Growth along the junctions of gray silty forests, on fellings, gars, fox galyavins and clearings, along the banks of rivers and springs. Vіddaє perevaguim vologim, rich in humus soils. It thrives in industrial gardens and in garden plots like fruit and berry bushes.
Select and prepare:
As a medicinal syrovina, it is mainly the fruit of the raspberry leaf. Fruits (Fructus Rubi idaei) are harvested from dry weather that after drying up dew, water-creaming their cone-like flowers. Selected syrovina is cleaned from the leaves, herbs, immature, overripe, wrinkled and zipped fruits, then after the front drying, dry, spreading the ball with a thickness of 2-3 cm on paper, fabrics or nets in dryers at a temperature of 50-60 °C. Drying in ovens is possible. Good dried fruit when rozminanny do not farbuyut hands. After drying from the syrovina, blackened berries are seen. The term of syrovin's attachment is 2 years. The smell of syrovin is specific, pleasant, the taste is sour-licorice.
Leaves and leaves are taken from the red ones - sticky, dried on the floor. The term їхної applicability 1 rec.
Chemical warehouse:
Fresh raspberry fruits contain fructose (up to 8.1%), glucose (up to 4.2%), sucrose (up to 6.5%), apple, citric, murashina, caproic and salicylic acids, a small amount of ascorbic acid (up to 45 mg ). %), carotene and vitamins of group B (followed); more oily oil (up to 15%) and close to 0.7% phytosterols; leaves - ascorbic acid (up to 300 mg%), tannins and volatile.
Leaves have: ash - 5.57%; macroelements (mg/g): Up to - 19.30, Ca - 10.00, Mn - 3.40, Fe - 0.20; microelements (µg/g): Mg - 340.00, Cu - 7.80, Zn - 28.90, Z - 0.10, Mo - 1.00, Cr - 0.40, Al - 67.60, Se - 0.20, Ni - 1.44, Sr - 8.48, Pb - 1.10, B - 77.20. He detected Cd, V, V, Li, Au, Ag, I, Br. Concentrate Mn.
Pharmacological authorities:
The fruit of the raspberry mayut potogіnnu power. The presence of weak organic acids results in the destruction of the pH in the puddle of the middle, the removal of salts of sechoic acid from the body, stimulates the vision of the eyes, and reduces the etching. Salicylic acid, which is found in fruits, can be antiseptic, antipyretic, diaphoretic, and antiseptic. Raspberry leaves and flowers are also characterized by blood backs and antitoxic dominance.
Medicinal nastіy raspberry leaf to please with clear menstruation, premenstrual syndrome, as well as zasib, znimaє pіslyapologovі pain and ahead of vikidnі.
Folk medicine recommends vikoristovuvaty infusions and infusions for diseases of the organs of indigestion, coughs, fever camps, carry-overs, hemorrhoids, and shlunkovyh bleeding.
For rinsing the throat, emptying the mouth, with tonsillitis, stomatitis, for infusion with conjunctivitis and bumps, raspberry leaves are vicarious.
Medical congestion:
Root. In Bulgaria, the vіdvar is sweating, with ascites.
Wood. In medicine in Tibet - with acute and chronic infections, neurasthenia, neuritis, as an antipyretic.
Gilki. Medicine in Tibet is stagnant similarly to a tree. In Buryatia - with likhomantsi. Vidvar - with respiratory infections. Verkhivki gіlok (with flowers, unripe fruits) - "raspberry tea" - with severe respiratory ailments.
Leafing. Tibetan medicine uses vicor in the same way as wood. Nasty abo vіdvar (zovnіshnyo) - with beshikhov's inflamed. Nasty (in the middle) - with colitis, cough, visips. Vidvar (in the middle) - for coughing, sore throats. Svіzhі - early-war; at the sight of the ointment - with hillocks, opiums, visips. In Bulgaria, it is used for diarrhoea, gastritis and enteritis, hemorrhages, menorrhagia, bronchopneumonia and dermatitis. Zovnіshnyo-with ailments of the throat, that empty company. Aqueous, alcohol and acetone extracts and sik - antibacterial. Water extracts stimulate the central nervous system.
Leaf, tickets. Nasty (lotions, douches) - with hemorrhoids and gynecological diseases.
Leaves, flowers, fruits. Anti-sclerotic, anti-spasmodic, antipyretic and high-taminar disease in hypertensive ailments, atherosclerosis and acute respiratory infections.
Quote. Vidvar, nasty - with gastralgia, respiratory infections; zovnіshnyo - with hillocks, ailments of the eyes, beshikhov's inflamed. Tincture - hemostatic; with ailments of the organs of respiratory distress; vvazhalsya protiotrutoy when bitten by snakes and scorpions. In Bulgaria, infusions on olive oil - for the treatment of dermatitis in bites.
fruit. Drying - sweating zasib. In Tibet medicine, the powder is used for pneumonia and acute respiratory infections. In folk medicine - to improve appetite and intestinal activity; anti-bluness, hemostatic in sloughing and intestinal bleeding, menorrhagia, dyspepsia; in chronic rheumatism and cortex; ovnіshnyo-with eczema, vugs and conjunctivitis. Nasty - with diarrhea, anemia; tincture that vіdvar - with blood diabetes.
Sik - for gastritis, colitis. Raspberries enter the warehouse of sweating, vitamin, anti-cold, anti-cash collections.
Medicinal preparations based on medicinal raspberry bush:
The berries of the raspberry roslin are included in the storage of rich sweatshops. Below are the recipes for infusions and infusions for home zastosuvannya.
Nasty raspberry flower for angina.
Pour 20 g of flowers with 250 ml of okrop and pour pivgodini. Let's sweat it out, and weed the syrovin. Take 1 tablespoon three times a day.
Nastіy dried raspberry fruits like sweating zasib.
2 tablespoons of raspberry berries, pour 250 ml of okrop, pour 20 quills, filter, and wid the syrovina. Take a hot drink, 2 flasks at a time.
Nasty flowers and raspberry leaves for the hellish stasis with hemorrhoids.
10 g of leaves and 10 g of flowers, pour 250 ml of okrop, leave for freshness, then strain, and sirovina. Vikoristovyte nastіy for douching.
Nasty raspberry leaf for colitis.
4 teaspoons of the trimmed leaf pour 2 flasks of okrop, infuse for freshness, procidity, and sirovina vydzhati. Take a bottle of water 4 times a day until you get there.
Vіdvar іz raspberry leaf for zovnіshny zastosuvannya.
Pour 10 g of raspberry leaf into 250 ml of hot water, bring to a boil over low heat and simmer 10 chills. Let's cool it down and filter it. Stay at the sight of baths and lotion in case of an agglomerated visip or a pizza.
Sіk plodіv raspberries for pain in the slug or.
Half a flask of juice three times a day in the middle.
Raspberry fruits with sclerosis.
Live 1 scramble of raspberry juice daily.
With a fresh raspberry leaf in the gove.
Zastosovyte with a fresh leaf to mask the skin of the one, in order to loosen the gusset.
Contraindication:
Raspberry berries, due to the addition of purine bases, did not take root in gout and nephritis. Might cause an allergic reaction in a look-alike, swollen, ill.
Photo and illustration:
Raspberry
Name: Raspberries.
Latin name: Rubus idaeus L.
Family: Rosaceae (Rosaceae)
Trivality of life: Bagatorichny Ryasne fructification poserіgaєtsya on 3-4 rocks. When the fructification of the famine dries up.
Type of roslin: Kettle.
Stovbur (stem): May vegetative pagons and wooden courtyard stalks, which make shortened flower-bearing stems.
Gilki: One-sided pagons are herbaceous, gray, covered with numerous thin reddish-brown thorns, with the top, which drooped, the stench of autumn melts woody, and the advancing rock blooms and bears fruit.
Visota: 1-2 meters.
leafing through: Black leaf, tripartite or imparipinnate with 3-5 (7) leaflets, along the edge of nervnopilchasti, the animal may be bare, dark green, below - white, middle leaflet - on a long petiole, bichni - sessile.
Quotes, succulent: Flowers 5-pelustkovy, white, in corymbose-paniculate buds and in axillary small-sized hands.
Flower hour: Grass worm.
fruits: Plіd - foldable, red or yellow sokovita kіstyanka.
Ripening hour: Lipnya.
Collection hour: The fruits are taken from dry weather without a quarter, the fruits are fermented quickly, they are drunk.
Picking features, drying and picking: Sorting fruits for drying (removing third-party houses, cutting and ushkodzhenі fruits), clearing in kvіtkonіzhok i kvіtkolozha, sifting on the sun , and dry in a dryer or in an oven at a temperature not higher than 50 ° C (preferably at 35-40 ° C). Extent of dry syrovina - 16-18%.
Flowers and leaves are taken from grass-black grass and dried under a canopy on the street. It is recommended to prepare leaves from river pagons, shaving off leaves from the stalked petiole. Excretion of dry syrovina - 25%. Ready sirovina (fruits, flowers, leaves) is taken from a dry place, which is aired. Raspberry berries are easily attacked by a fungus of blue flowers and, being rotten dried, they also dry out.
History of Roslin: One of the most ancient berry crops on Earth Before the acquaintance with Chinese tea in Russia, they drank raspberry tea “zvarets” with raspberries and cranes - the most popular drink of words. Yogo was served to guests, victorious with a jubilant method.
Width: In Russia, wild plants grow raspberries in the European part (Crimea of the Nizhnyo-Don and Nizhnyo-Volzsky regions), including the Arctic, in the Caucasus, near Zahidny and Skhidny (Yeniseysky and Angara-Sayansky regions) Siberia. In Ukraine - in all forest areas and in the forest part of the Forest Steppe (Donetsk Crimea).
Place of residence: In the wild, it looks like it thrives on the knots of foxes, on fells, gars, on windbreaks, and on Siberian ravines.
Culinary victoria: Raspberries are vicarious for dietary and childish eating: її grub, relish and dietary power are superbly great. Berries are eaten fresh, frozen, processed into various syrups and drinks. From yagid prepare jams, compotes, marmalade and other confectionery products. Raspberry syrup is zastosovuyt to improve the taste of children's faces. Wild raspberries have fragrant berries, lively and juicy, lower in cultural ones. E miracle honey plant.
Likarsky parts: Practically everything serves as a medicinal syrovina in raspberries - fruits, flowers, leaves, chickpeas, roots.
Korisny vmist: Berries clean zukra, organic acids, vitamins of groups B, C, PP, ethereal oliya, pectin, tannins and barrels of speech, carotene, midi salts, salts and potassium, folic acid, catechins, flavonoids and anthocyanins. We have fatty acids, and the leaves have vitamins C, E, carotene, phenolcarboxylic acids, catechins and flavonoids.
Behind biologically active speeches, raspberries are full of vitamin C and enriched with midnight sun!
Zalіza in nii more, nizh in other yagіdnih cultures, for cherry and argusu. Ale and vitamin C have enough - 1 bottle of raspberry, which is taken today, it is necessary to provide the necessary needs of people with vitamin C.
In garden raspberries, the amount of salicylic acid is significant (more richly, lower in lіsovіy), and in dried raspberries, it may be 20 times more, lower in fresh ones. Zavdyaki manifests acidity, raspberries take time to save their lives and exuberant power. Moreover, sweating power saves up to two years. In addition, raspberries contain a lot of coarse food fibers. Therefore, when virazkovy ailment of the slough and 12-colon intestines, it is better to vicorist not raspberries, but preparations from it.
Dії: In scientific medicine, fresh and dried raspberry fruits and raspberry syrup are used to improve the taste of the liquor.
Tea from dried fruits is prescribed as a diaphoretic and anti-spasm remedy for colds. Anti-cold raspberry power is explained in reality salicylic acid. Dried fruits enter the warehouse of sweating collections.
As a dietary product, raspberry fruits are used in a natural way with anemia, atherosclerosis, hypertensive illness, circulatory diabetes, to stimulate appetite, polypsennia and etching in eczema.
Significantly wider raspberries vikoristovuetsya in folk medicine. So, like sweating tea, not only dried fruits, but also processed products (jam, jelly, marmalade, sik skinny) are produced. Vymku raspberries vikoristovuyutsya like tea leaves for tea, like a drink for colds, flu, zanepadi forces after a trival ailment, and also like a fever-reducing zasіb.
From the knowledge of folk medicine, it is known that raspberry leaves can be astringent, anti-toxic, anti-toxic, blood-spinning and blood-cleansing power, and flowers - anti-toxic and anti-toxic power.
Nastya leaves are drunk in case of illnesses of the organs of indigestion, cough, fever, when carrying enterocolitis, with mucosal bleeding and hemorrhoids, with clear menstruation and against eczema, pimples and other hanging on the body.
Zovnіshnyo - infused leaves for rinsing with stomatitis, pharyngitis and tonsillitis, for lotions and zroshhen with skin diseases.
Dried raspberry leaves enter the storehouse of sums of herbs for the preparation of hygienic baths, and the dried leaves of the raspberry leaf are used to prepare the ointment, which zastosovuetsya with visipy vugryv and so on.
Nastya vodka is taken internally for hemorrhoids and against fevers
Raspberry zvichayna (lat. Rubus idaeus) or lisova - a species of roslin from the genus Rubus (lat. Rubus), which can be attributed to the Rozhev family (lat. Rosaceae). The name resembles the Latin word, which means "chervony" and looks like a farbuvannya yagid. Nearly 300 species are included in the river, among which everyone knows the growth: sapling, raspberry, cloudberry, kumanіka, kіstyanika. Wines are subdivided into sections, one of which is called Raspberry (lat. Idaeobatus), before it enters the melody of M. zvichayna. In the natural middle ground, the growths grow in the forests, chagars, and sometimes on the banks of the rivers. M. fox is a frequent guest in rich gardens.
Cicavius fact: in Russian culture, raspberries are a symbol of licorice life, smallpox in songs, and in verses.
Description
Raspberry is a typical deciduous succulent with a woody rhizome, which has numerous adventitious roots. Above-ground fronds of 1.5-3.0 m grow up. Raspberry stalks are upright, on the first roci are herbaceous, green in color with a blue-gray overgrowth, their surface is covered with small spikes. At the other river, the stems of the village grow brown. The leaves are oval in shape, ruffled black, folded, dark green in color to the beast, whitish and pubescent below. Flowers are white, up to 1 cm in diameter.
Botanical illustration
The succulent is racemose, rosaceous on the tops of the pagons or in the axils of the leaves. Flowering spores in red-linden, in pivden regions - three times earlier. The fruits are hairy pustules, harvested from a variety of chervone. Іsnuyu see raspberries and varieties with black, dark purple and yellow fruits. Most fruitfulness is for a different fate (at the courtyard vtechs). On the first fate, brunki are laid on the vtechs, at the number of the offensive fate, the chicks grow, in which fruits are bound. Іsnuyut remontant varieties that bear fruit on pagons of the first and other fates.
See that sort
M. zvichayna It is one of the main berry crops, anonymous varieties have been bred, many of them have been tested in different climatic zones. Varieties podіlyayutsya after an hour of early fruiting in the early, middle and late. Renovators give a harvest for the summer season, and they are most far away for breeding for agricultural purposes. Large-scale varieties of raspberries are not the most frost-resistant, and are recommended in most breeding regions.
The most popular and high-yielding remontant varieties: “Eurasia” (decorative leaves, yield up to 2.5 kg), “Hercules” (small-spreading thorny bushes, yield up to 3 kg, resistance to more disease), “Orange marvelous” (large yellow-bearing variety). 5 cm results, yield up to 2.5 kg).
M. zvabliva (R. illecebrosus)
M. zvabliva(Lat. R. illecebrosus) or half-raspberry - a species native to Japan, popular in the rich European countries, widely cultivated in Lithuania. Bush grows up to 150 cm. Flowers up to 2 cm in diameter, white color; pinnate leaves, fruits are large up to 2 cm.
M. zahidna(Latin R. occidentalis) is widely expanded in the lands of Pivnichnoy America, often called black raspberry. Bushes high can be up to 2-3 m.
M. purple-fruited(lat. R. phoenicolasius) or M. Japanese - liana, which weaves, native to Japan and Korea with pinnate leaves. Flowers of white color on spiky flowers. Flowering blooms in the spring. The fruits are a bunch of red color, and when ripe, they turn dark purple. The species is cultivated in the gardens of Europe as an ornamental chagarnik. To love vologi ґrunti, it grows fast.
M. Cockburn "Gold Valley"(Latin R. cockburnianus 'Goldenvale') - cicava variety with shaggy leaves of yellow color native to China. Bushes grow up to 3 m. Flowers of rozhevy-violet color, and fruits of black. The variety is valued for summer, and for winter decoration. In the cold season, the fate of M. Cockburn has a white color. Roslini grow rapidly, they are not trimmed, so that the growths are formed.
M. zapashna (R. odoratus)
M. ellipticna(Lat. R. ellipticus) - a species with the fruits of a yellow color, which has become from Pivdenny Asia. There is one more name - golden Himalayan raspberries. Dzhe shvidko grow up in nature, visibly grow more. Bushes grow from 1 to 3 m. The flowers are large up to 1.5 cm, adorned with erysipelas and have a white color. Leaves of cicava with a thin structure. Roslini sprout like fruit, and like decorative.
M. zapashna(Latin R. odoratus) is a decorative species that came to us from Pivnichnoy America. Chagarniki can reach 3 m-code of height, in a culture more than 1.5 m-code they do not. The surface of the pagons is gleaming, the bark is visible. The species is seen as beautiful and large (up to 5 cm) flowers of erysipelas color with a pleasant smell. Roslini zimostiyki. Autumn leafing is becoming yellow. The fruits are sour and innumerable.
Photogallery of views
Viroshchuvannya
Place of landing: good lighting, light pivtin is acceptable. Grunti lungs, relatives. Stand between bushes 60-90 cm, between rows of 60 cm. Tapestries are needed and tall varieties.
Watering: growers love light watering Koreneva system is sensitive to the drying of the earth, sometimes for reasons the bush can die.
Original wooden bed for raspberries
Dobriva: add a warehouse of nitrogen, in the end of the year, potassium-phosphorus. Mіzhryadya raspberries can sip ash. Even better, raspberries look at the organic growth of the quail aftergrowth.
M. lіsova and іnshі see pіdsektsії zimostіyki, it does not zagortannya, and the axis of mulching the earth for a few bushes does not start: zapobіgaє rozvitku bur'yanіv i zamenshit viparovuvannya vologa.
A wooden box can be vicorated for zoning a plot
clipping
Raspberries are cut in autumn after the end of fruiting. At the same time, the courtyard pagons are vibrating, so that the hanging growth has given a new growth. The tips of the torso pagons are hung up with the help of a spring, as it was marked that the stench was frozen. For a long summer period, you can see the shoots, so that the planting of raspberries does not fade. In the 6th and 7th centuries, the old bushes will require rejuvenation: the old rhizome is plucked, and the young vines are planted. The procedure is carried out in the fall.
Helper from clippings
Reproduction
Propagated vegetatively: give the growth to the great root shoots, as if they are watered at once from the rootstock and hang out in the autumn. This way is the most visible and the most effective. Hanging (until the end of the grass) see all the growth, after which all the life of the speech goes to the molding of the clear growths. For example, during the summer, young growths from maternal ones are used, and they are placed in a greenhouse on a sprat of tizhniv for rooting. After that stink is ready before transplantation to the bed.
Viroshchuvannya raspberry z nasinnya - tse arc trivaly and laborious way. Repair varieties can be propagated for livestock. Propagation with live bait is carried out as follows: in the autumn they harvest stalks up to 15 cm, hung over the top of the greenhouse, mulch the ground.
Porada: Today, be it, navit the most common, raspberry variety can come from looking like a miraculous gardener, which is guaranteed to the mother with all variety characteristics.
Propagation of raspberries with root caps
Ailments and poor people
Unfortunately, raspberries are loved by different clods, which suffer from all the above-ground parts of the chagar. Evil shkidnik vvazhayutsya: raspberry flask, stem fly, raspberry-sunichny dovgonosik, shoshkozhu buds, raspberry beetle, sho z'yadaє zav'yazі plodіv, raznі see moths, popelitsі and mites. For the protection of raspberries in the coma at the stage of budding and after the fruiting of the chagars, cover them with the rosemary of karbofos. It is possible to use preparations of the "Iskra" type.
Diseases of raspberries and ailments, the main disturbers of such various fungi:
- anthracnose: on the stems they appear singly with white-gray colors with a purple glare, leafing with zhuhne;
- purple mellowness: on any part of the raspberry, light-purple patches with black speckles appear, the stalk collapses, the roslin hangs, the city is stormy;
- there was a blizzard: the leaves, the stalks are adorned with brown flames, like an hour they blaze, the bark crackles, the white brunoks are like blazes;
- irzha: on pagons and leaves, most of the hangings are irzhavі plami.
Anthracnose raspberries
The golden rule is to fight against some kind of illness, as well as larvae in coma: we see all the ailment, we can see it, we can burn it. Also, varto saturate varieties resistant to ailments, at the same time planting plantings in overgrowth. For the prevention of illness, for a sprat of tizhniv before the start of flowering (also after the end of fruiting), sprinkle with 1% Bordeaux rind.
Another disease of raspberries with an undiagnosed nature is blamed for bacterial cancer. The ailment is not safe, as it does not appear in the eye, step by step the berries spend gusto, the roslin begins to grow more. Puhlin develops on the roots. Cancer does not rejoice. For prevention, do not grow raspberries for more than 3-5 years in one place, and when transplanted, disinfect the roots.
Written by M. Cockburn (R. cockburnianus 'Goldenvale') at the design of the farm
Vikoristannya
Raspberry berries do not require a description, the stench is brown and savory, perfectly suitable for freezing. processing and drying. Not less than raspberry and medicine. Cream of fruits for tea and infusions of vicorous leaves. Roslin is also known as a good honey plant.
Decorative wiping at the container
In landscape design, raspberries are vicarious in group and single plantings. Raspberries are good for decorating gardens in a natural style. In the background, large flowerbeds and decorative bushes look wonderful. Roslini is not good for landscaping the space around water bodies, vrakhovuyuchi vologolubnist raspberries. At the parks they hang out like a pidlіsk. Chagarnik can be beautifully hung in an originally designed flower bed, for example, placed in stone or wood. Sometimes vicorous growths are used for zoning the planter and growing near containers. To finish often, turning raspberries for landscaping, do not trim. In such a time, bushes, growing, form privabliv chagarniki.
