How to ground a private booth right?

Much has been said about the importance of grounding electrical appliances and all measures, as about the basic principle of electrical engineering protection, there is no need to repeat.

Ale varto respect, shodo okremyshy private house є one more vagom argument about the need for grounding - blisskavkozakhist budіvlі, vnutrіshnіh metallevіh konstruktsіy, elektromerezhі ta obladnannya. In view of the correctness of the rozrahunka, in the view of scrupulous and yakish vykonannya all work to lay down electrical engineering and fire safety in the booth.

Proceeding to diї

Shards of grounding - the whole process, which includes in your own theoretical calculation of construction and practical construction of a complex of ideas and prepared designs, it is necessary to put together a report plan.

At the first point, it is necessary to designate, for which system you will be grounded at a private booth with your own hands. Vykhodyachi s possible type of connection to the facade of budіvlі linіy power lines, such systems, available for independent vіlennya, can be two: TN-С-S і TT.

TT grounding system

Earthing system TN-C-S

The introduction of the line, as a rule, is repeated, even more often by non-insulated conductors, which testifies to the inadequacy of the electric supply, which means that the shave of the zero is high.

Introduction to the booths by an unplanned aluminum dart

Sometimes the wires are covered with a self-supporting insulated wire (say CIP cable), to wind like a five-conductor wire, then it is even less important that in the new PE wire, most of the five are wired for a vicorist.

Introduction to the booth for help drota CIP 2x16

Tse means that the entry into the house was vikonan for the old TN-C system, and it will be necessary to vikonate the confused PEN dart on the nexus PE, and the working zero N. or navit TN-S, then in this way it is enough to install a three-wire electrical wiring into the booth.

Choice of future grounding system

Let's say, the introduction of PL, the darts are not isolated. The PUE says that if it is not possible to secure electrical safety using the most advanced methods, then it is allowed to block the TT system, if it does not interfere with the PEN wire, apparently the safety of the grounded property is not stale due to a possible zero shave.

Re-grounding power lines

To that, depending on yourself for power supply: as a vibrati system, it is necessary to respectfully install the power supply system, looking around the lines, walk through the booth to the transformer. You don’t need to be a distinguished electrician to evaluate the quality of installation and service - for an hour at the strongest line of power transmission lines, they are rebuying at the edge of a deplorable and wretched state.

Smuga re-grounding

It is also necessary to look around, as the growth of a tree is close to the darts, so that the chicks do not thaw - at the hour of a strong wind, the very villages of the village, or the wooden stovbur, which fell down, become the cause of accidents on the lines.

This review is necessary in order to signify: TN-C-S earthed vibrati, or TT. Like the lines in the back of the station, they are watching, the steps are concrete and they are re-grounded zero, PL vikonan SIP, then the last one will be TN-C-S.

Nova LEP vikonana SIP drotom.

Ale, as if, as it seems, the electrical circuit is “going crazy”, then rely on the power of the power of the confused wire to come, PEN is not varto, so at some point the phase can be closed to zero, which immediately burns out at the transformer, and on the metal grounded surfaces of the booth "gullima" the phase voltage is deadly. If the lines are not necessary, it will be necessary to plan the grounding on the TT system.

Conducting a grounding outbuilding

Regardless of the selected grounding system, the earthing and grounding will be the same, although if TT it is necessary to be especially careful, even if the grounding attachment will be the one and only frontier of electrical protection, without additional insurance for the PEN.

Intuitively, it was understood that the dart of the grounding outbuilding (GD) is responsible for safely introducing a short-hour strum. short hum and trivaliy strum, close to the nominal value of the spratsovuvannya input zakhisny machine. 6mm² - the minimum allowable value of the transverse cross section of the mid-range dart, which connects the GD and the PE bus, which is also called the GZSH - the head ground bus.

Point of connection to the ground loop with a minimum overcut conductor 6 mm2

As sumarny mozhlivі vkhіdnі strum more, nizh can be seen with cim peretina, it will be necessary to reconsider the data from the table.

Ale droti ZU is the same kind of vipadok, scho chim comrades - it’s better than the characteristics of the support and mechanical strength. It is not necessary to use aluminum wire for grounding and GZSH, so it is not allowed to lay it in the ground without protective insulation, before that, corrosion occurs on the terminals through galvanic processes.

Rozrahunok grounding

Є two types of grounding devices:

It is not allowed to make fences, fences, handrails, play maidanchiks for grounding of various metal structures. Since there is not much opportunity to conquer natural grounding devices, it will be necessary to open up a number of piece grounding devices, choose methods of their planting, stock up on rolled metal and electrical equipment, so that the grounding of the house with one’s own hands was laid as high as possible.

Installation of a piece grounding device with steel coils and fixed with a conductor in the GD to the PE busbar

The tables indicate the minimum allowable size of rolled metal products, vicory-covered grounding conductors.

So that the growth of strums in the form of grounding was as effective as possible, the soil can be butiable, so in dry weather this soil needs to be watered, rather than with kitchen salt.

A clear butt to the grounding circuit of a private booth

Installation of grounding devices

If the line is single-phase, and the TN-С-S system will be broken, the main function of the grounding is the wire that comes along the repeated PEN line, then it can be connected with one of the simplest circuits, which consists of a few pins.

In order to install such a grounding device, it is necessary to dig a trench below the freezing depth of the soil, drive pins into the ground and boil the slugs and swarms.

Such a ground loop is suitable for a small private booth

Entry into the booth is better than robiting at the sight of smuga, and there already with the middle dart behind the help of the bolted zadnannya.

It is possible, but it will be lower through the sash with a train.
The larger one will be the circuit from two and more groups of grounding workers.

If there is no three-phase introduction, otherwise there is a grounding of the TT system, then a larger overhead circuit is required, this circuit looks like a short circuit on a horizontal grounding booth with groups of vertically driven pins.

Ground loop around the perimeter of the building

Z'ednannya from GZSH is carried out for additional dekilkoh smog, welded at different places along the entire circuit.

Rechecking the grounding capacity

Dalі nebkhіdno bude perevіrit metallozvyazok and opіr vykonanogo contour. Shards of ground support lie down due to the applied voltage (maє non-linear characteristic), then these simulations cannot be carried out with the help of a great multimeter.

For re-verification, it is necessary to request a specialist in an electrical laboratory with valid qualifications.

Most of them are recommended to the grounding of the neutral transformer; The maximum allowable value of grounding supports is 15, 30, 60 Ohm at high voltages.

Naturally, what is less opir, more beautiful. For PEN drotu PL PUE opir 5, 10, 20 Ohm - digital values ​​(10 ohm for a single-phase line) can be oriented, vimiryuyuyuchi grounding on the GZSH.

Connected the PEN conductor to the working zero and ground wire

As you can see, PEN conductor in the TN-C system is an overnight zero-working and grounding wire. Iogo connected to PE (yellow-green wire, connected to the grounding contact of the sockets) and N (connected to the power terminals of the socket) vibrated at the re-grounding point on the inlet socket, or in a simple way: in the electrical panel.

In this manner, the process of grounding the PE bus and re-grounding the PEN core is considered.

Vityagi from PUE 1.7

Podil is guilty of switching to the switching point (switching machine, lichilnik), and є we can, as if we were switching off, wash the line of input wires (10mm² mid, 16mm² aluminium).

Correctly splitting the PEN can look like this

It was understood that if you go about those who are grounded at the dacha, then this illustration is not enough to go around, because such a great electrical shield is not needed for a dacha house. Ale is clearly visible, how can zdіysnyuvatisya podіl PEN drota:

• Tires PE and N are to blame but are different;
• N the bus can be on the insulator;
• A jumper is installed between these tires;
• Connection of the introductory PEN conductor and the dart in the memory is connected to the GZSH;
• Mustache droti is guilty of being connected to the okrem boltovі z'єdnannya;
• Grounding conductors are to be connected inconspicuously to the connections (to sockets or housings of electrical appliances), connection by a loop is not allowed.

The jumper is being installed, so that it would be possible to manually carry out the deaths.

Podbags

In this way, you can switch to the old TN-C grounding system and have the entire house three-wire or five-wire (three-phase wire) electrical wiring through the TN-C-S system, plug in three-contact sockets, overpowering home electricity, and all the meshkantsiv booth in the form of an electric shock.

It is necessary to remember that the shards of grounding efficiency can be deposited from time to time, then for the electrical wiring of the TT system, we will fix the ELV, so that the value of the stream of the coil through the grounding may be insufficient, so that you can save the machine.

Obviously, it will be unrealistic to work with your own hands in a similar way under the PEN droti, because access to the PRU of a rich apartment house is no longer a duty service.

Grounding behind the TT system is more realistic, but it will be necessary to spend a long time on a long wire to the ground loop and as if doing homework about carrying out earthworks.

Perhaps, it would be easier for all the bagmen to house the booth, collect a penny and pay the specialists, so that the stench transferred the energy supply booth to the TN-С-S grounding system.