Do-it-yourself electrical wiring at the apartment: 6 steps for proper installation

Installing electrical wiring near the apartment with your own hands is not safe. A team of experts is ahead of the curve: a robot with electricity is worth it, not for beginners. As if you are a busy alarm clock, make sure you are in your power and take care of all the safe steps, then go ahead. Rozpovidaemo today about all the nuances of the installation of electrical wiring in a booth, apartments and garages.

Wiring diagram at the booth

Home activities are based on a report plan. needed for a number of reasons:

1. allows you to loosen the quantity of material - scallops and yak darts, with slits, slits of sockets, vimikachiv, scatter boxes;
2. determines the location of the distribution of power and electrical elements;
3. necessary for future maintenance and repair of wired wiring.

p align="justify"> One-line principle diagram and plan-scheme of an apartment or a booth, a vitriman on a scale, with different groups applied to it, necessary for a remote wiring installation.

Like at the booth, so at the apartment there is an entrance and an internal electrical panel. From the rest there are lines to the room.

The main groups, on which you can but break down the energy:

• sockets;
• lighting;
• put on;
• sockets and lighting of the bathroom;
• sockets and kitchen lighting;
• gospodarski argue.

Connect all the wiring to one group of points is not easy - there is a great need.

IMPORTANT! Under the hour of ordering the schemes, it is planned to supply the system with ELV attachments, which will be installed on the skin subgroup.

On the layout of the electrical wiring diagram, the transfer of the roztashuvannya of the butt fittings and their tightness, which determine the number and placement of sockets and the necessary reshuffle, is added.

The electrical wiring diagram in the booth and the wiring diagram in the apartment are connected by the way of introducing electricity: you should go to the booth by the same line, and into the apartment - by cable from the shield on the back. The wiring diagram in the garage can be based on the introduction of electricity from the centralized power line, or from the booth, it can be rewired or underground.

Spent in the apartment

The walls in the apartment are concrete or cast, covered with plaster or decorated with drywall.

IMPORTANT! Conducted in the apartment can be attached or combined. It’s necessary, as soon as possible, take a bite.

Carried out can be installed before plastering or installed in empty spaces behind drywall. For installation, a vicorous pipe, PVC corrugation or a flexible metal sleeve are used. often laid in cable channels.

To ensure safety, automatic devices are installed at the underside of the shield, which will secure the protection of the devices in the short circuit, that burnout, that extension of the protection switch, like when cutting the voltage, they turn on the spozhivachiv. For a sanitary unit, we recommend using an ELV through increased water content.

Rozpodіlnі boxes that vimikach cannot be placed near the bathroom. Allowed. For an orphan application, it is necessary to install a moisture-proof membrane on the internal mechanism of the socket.

The marking is carried out along horizontal and vertical lines. Electricity lines are not guilty of intertwining with each other. The route is always to be carried out in parallel to the wall. If the wiring is carried out under the conditions, the route may be on the vіdstanі 20 cm from the wall.

IMPORTANT! It’s better to beat the middle wiring - it has a longer service term, lower for aluminum.

Peretin drota (not less than 2 mm2) should be taken more for rozrachunkovy. The rest will be dependent on the planned advancement on the fence. The admissible space of the struma for the mid-range dart is not guilty of exceeding 8A/mm2. For different rozpodіlchih groups, it is necessary to use a different linen.

Provid, scho to pass at empty places, can be stolen by pipes, sleeves with corrugations.

Stretching the wiring for the help of metal pipes and sleeves, corrugated PVC helps without damaging the fitting.

Usі z'єdnannya drotіv povinnі buti less in rozpodіlnyh boxes. They can be accessed so that they can be corrected. You can pick up darts for help with terminals or soldering.

Zakrіplyuyut darts and installation boxes for sockets and vimikachi with gypsum or plaster.

Outlets in all apartments can be no less than 1 per 6 m2. For applications that rarely vicorist, enough 1-2; in the kitchen, it is necessary to install according to the kіlka of groups іz 3-4 (fallow depending on the number and placement of equipment).

Rostashuvannya of sockets and vimikachiv is not regulated, but sockets need to be installed at a height of not less than 30 cm, with a supply for safety. Vimikachi can be placed on the be-yak_y sruchn_y for the stretched hand of the height.

IMPORTANT! The best electrical installation from the French company Legrand. For installation, you need mittens for zahistu, a voltage indicator, a grinder, a hammer, a chisel for chasing, a perforator, twists, wire cutters.

It is possible to win a wall chase, for the help of which to crush two parallel smugs at the wall. Let's beat a perforator with a stake. sound to be carried out on the plaster.

I like a whistle. Schob zdіysniti installation of wiring at the apartment will need:

1. report schemes;
2. automatic;
3. cable and medium droti kіlkoh pererіzіv;
4. plastic or metal rozpodіlnі and installation boxes;
5. corrugations;
6. boxes or metal sleeves for laying darts;
7. screws;
8. dowels;
9. flowers;
10. fastening elements;
11. vimikachi;
12. sockets.

Carried out in a wooden booth

Installation is carried out according to the very principles that are in the apartment. Ale pіdstava in the zrubі є palnim, to that it is not safe.

IMPORTANT! It is not possible to drive darts through PVC corrugations.

Vibrate the installation:

1. From self-extinguishing wires and cables with outer insulation (). We wrote a report earlier.
2. Wiring is attached - from electrical sewerage, which does not support fire, that is from metal: copper pipes, steel boxes from grounding. Like victorious plastic boxes and corrugations, the stench is due to being honed with a ball of non-combustible material - in fact, they are built into the plaster.
3. To a variety of metal vuzlіv - rozpodіlnyh and stanovnyh boxes.
4. The tightness of the seal is ensured, so that when the electric arc fails, it does not go beyond the pipes and does not waste on combustible material.
5. A tree, from any vikonanі stіni that crossed, may be dry.

One more obov'yazkovy krok - the installation of a differential relay or ELV.

IMPORTANT! The robots with electrification are shackled in the same way until the installation of the pidlog, the door frame.

Algorithm:

1. supply cable at the booths to the centralized power line or outside switchboard;
2. according to the scheme of robimo divorce;
3. mount an internal rose shield;
4. ready to open the windows and sockets;
5. after the completion of the maintenance work, we install all the accessories.

It is necessary to know that:

• darts zastosovuyt z podvіynoy іzolyatsієyu, vologostіyki і teplostіyki, z'єdnuyutsya only for additional clamps;
• it is not possible to lay wiring over the middle.
• at the orphanages, do not place wimikachi and sockets - stench can be in the banya with a level of protection no lower than IP-44;
• obov'yazkovo grounding, bliskavkozakhist, installation of ELV.

At the garage, the rods are laid in grounded metal boxes and pipes, hermetic lamps and vimics are installed.

Hot bi de cables were laid, the meaning of the color of the electrical wiring. Vіdpovіdno up to paragraph 2.1.31 of the PUE, the electrical wiring is responsible for ensuring the possibility of easy recognition for all conductors for colors:

1. black color - for the identification of the zero robot and the middle conductor of the electric wire;
2. two-color combination of green-yellow color - for the designation of the rank of the zero zakhis conductor;
3. two-color combination of green-yellow color on all days with black marks on the ends of the line, which are applied during installation - to identify the sum zero worker and the zero wind conductor;
4. black, brown, red, violet, grey, erysipelas, white, orange, turquoise colors to identify the phase conductor.

Wiring repair

To replace all the wiring, or part of it, you need to know the traces of the boxes. For someone to stop the shukach of electrical wiring - drive him along the wall, and then a strong sound or light signal on the highway.

The old aluminum carried out is better, or else don’t chip, or replace it with everything in the whole dwelling. At the same time, the old aluminium, non-adherent and tenditny, oxidize rapidly, its insulation collapses, and along with the new copper wires, a reaction breaks, the contact breaks.

IMPORTANT! Repair of electrical wiring connected with copper wires and aluminum wires. Tse chastkova replacement of old wiring with a new one, and installation of an incoming aluminum power cable with middle wires. Such a z'ednannya cannot be twisted. For these purposes, the terminals are clamped and pads.

Terminal blocks for conducting - the most effective way to connect wires from midi and aluminum. Shorter descriptions of the company Wago. The material, from which the contacts are prepared, and specially coated, do not allow various dross to oxidize.

Conduct, inserted into the terminal block, fixed with a spring clamp. Screw terminals are not suitable for connections with aluminum - the stench of the ear drots.

What kind of winding up in the premises with a large number of electrical appliances, for example, in the kitchen, lie in the amount of tension on the mesh, wire cut, wire material.

Variety of wiring installation

Average price for replacing wiring in an apartment:

• from Moscow from 15,000 rubles;
• in Kiev from 3000-4000 UAH.