How to pour concrete in an uzimka without heating. Foundation vzimku: chi can fill the foundation vzimku - advantages and shortfalls How to build the foundation vzimku
The flute will be like a basis, so the spore itself, swidder, lighter and cheaper. Ale, don’t wait, it’s such a good time. Either because of the special occupation, or because of the non-trivality of the warm period. The introduction of modern materials and the use of new technological solutions in practice, nutrition about those that can fill the foundation of a narrow, has practically lost its relevance. These works are successfully carried out at sub-zero temperatures. Today, the effectiveness of concreting during frosts is being discussed based on economic and labor costs.
Peculiarities of life to the foundation during the winter period
Robiti foundation for low temperatures is not an easy process. Workers have a chance to practice in the cold. Winter vzagali vvazhaetsya not the best hour for the creation of a monolithic construction of a slab or string type, the formation of palm and bored types of foundations. The main reason for this is that water, which is one of the main components of the working process, crystallizes at temperatures below zero.
The establishment of ice overcoming the normal transition to the process of establishment of superimposed bonds between molecules of concrete - yogo hydration. Also, the expansion of the water when freezing is done to the point where the materiality of the foundation is now reduced. Tse v_dbuvaєtsya through the adoption of fir at concrete ice crystals.
The process of hydration itself depends on thermal imaging. In case of greater expansion of the structure with concrete, the heat transfer is greater, and the pouring is more likely to be achieved.
Zagal at the winter hour to conduct everyday life in such moods:
- if the summer period is short, then for cold pivnіchny regions;
- for the necessities of the aknaishvidshvidny zvedennya budіvlі before the planned term;
- the reason for this may be the power of the ground on the buddіvelny dilyantsі.
If so, you should pay for it, that deaki budіvelnі materials of collection can be paid cheaper, lower cost (during the season it works). For wake-up callers in the cold - this is the period, which is often characterized by small obligations of protection or during the day. Mostly employed by those who specialize in internal processing. Through the promotion of the proposition of the services, the prices fall on them. At the same time, respect is being paid, starting the life of the levy. But there is no significant savings, because the robot is forced to work because of the accumulation of folding technologies.
Nedolіkami pouring concrete vzimku є:
- foldability of the work carried out;
- the need to obtain important equipment;
- problems with the organization of heating the foundation;
- increase the cost of adding additives that increase frost resistance.
Through the observation of heat with concrete, the hour is caught when robotic in the frosty period, the victory is given to string or slab (monolithic) types of foundations, and not to common ones. When їх zvedennі, yakshcho the temperature of the superfluous middle of the troch is below zero, you can get by without special additives and pіdіgіvu, vicorist heat-insulating formwork and special nakrittya (from matіv).
Starting life, slid vrakhovuvat, that independently, manually, vikonate the earthlings work on the frozen ground, do not see. For whom it is necessary to get a technique.
Concreting technologies
It is possible to build the foundation of the collection for the help of the help of different technologies. The choice of option for the creation and conservation of minds, necessary, so that the process of hydration of concrete is normal, to fall due to such factors:
- in chemical speeches, which are included in concrete work, their proportions;
- rozmіr_v svoryuvannoї konstruktsії;
- peculiarities of the climate;
- visibility of electricity supply lines;
- brands of cement that are victorious;
- feasibility of organizing the heating of water and rare additives.
The stronger the particles of cement are, the quicker the wines enter the chemical reaction, seeing the heat in their own.
The normal conduction of the robotic spray is delayed and the water is up to 32 degrees without intermediary before the actual commissioning. The temperature of the working environment is about 21°C.
Rozchin needs to be re-mixed. It is also recommended to increase the hour of the appointment by approximately 25% against the summer.
Application of additives for concrete
The main method that allows you to fill the foundation under cold weather is to introduce anti-frost additives to the first warehouse. The amount of heat that has been introduced indicates an increase in the amount of heat that is independently vibrated by concrete. Added to the increase in heat transfer modifiers reduce the crystallization temperature of the radina. Zavdyaki tsomu process of hydration of poured concrete at low temperatures to pass the rank.
As an additive that promotes frost resistance, calcium chloride is often vicarious. Yogo should be introduced into the working range at a quantity that does not exceed 2% of the mass. If you change this proportion, then the materiality of the foundation is significantly reduced, which is created on the stisk.
At a stable even temperature in the region of -15 degrees, to add vicarious to concrete, advance speech:
- kitchen silt (sodium chloride);
- sodium nitrate;
- potash.
Zastosuvannya modifiers for concrete is often associated with the organization of a piece of additive base.
As soon as anti-frost remnants are vikorated, then the formwork is dismantled, if the concrete of the M400 grade gains 20% of the mineral content. For M and M300, the indicator can already become 30%, and for M200 - 40%.
It is not recommended to independently experiment with adding available components at the warehouse for pouring. The best way to win is to prepare everyday materials.
Warming up the poured base
Ways of warming up the poured base are practically different. The simplest variant is in the front heating, the water is cold, or the whole difference. For these purposes fit:
- brazier;
- thermal harmata;
- slippers of various types;
- zvichane rich.
Add modifiers to the concrete to speed up the hardening process. After pouring the whole structure, bend it, vicorist such materials:
- bears;
- tarpaulin;
- straw;
- heat-insulating mothers.
You can also twist with ganchirs, inappropriate carpets. Nearly the foundations are installed braziers or other attachments that see thermal energy. Їx exploit until the concrete gains the necessary value.
It is possible to work out some design similar to the design, which is more acceptable for more effective glassware energy. Ale, in such a mood, it is necessary to take care of equal moisture, so as not to overdry the poured concrete. It is also necessary to lay down an okremy project for the construction and then to dismantle it.
After reaching the monolith of the necessary material (SNIP III-15-76 won't become 70% and not fall into the mark), the formwork and insulation are dismantled. If the concrete is not completely hardened, then youma can be allowed to freeze. After the defrosting, all processes will go to the necessary channel, and the capital will be ruined by about 5% of the project, which is repaid.
Alternative ways to implement this implementation are presented in the tables below.
| № | Method for pіdіgіvu poured concrete | Practical implementation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | folded "thermos" | for this along the perimeter of the formwork, a heat-generating sheathing is installed, which is folded from a metal body, with the placement of the middle of the steam or electric or water circuit. |
| 2 | heating the filling for additional wagering | such a way to implement laying in the formwork of the required number of pipes, which are used to supply steam to a specially constructed pipeline |
| 3 | electrician's victoria | for the implementation of this option for the poured roofing, it is necessary to install steel wires, fixing with a singing rank in the reinforcing cage, or on the formwork, or simply laying directly into concrete, by which an electric jet is allowed |
| 4 | shutdown of induction heating | such extensions, expanded along the perimeter of the foundation, warm up for additional heating with an electromagnetic field of reinforcement or metal formwork |
Also, in practice, vicorist use infrachervony heating. Podіgriv porom is an expensive and laborious way, which is rarely achieved.
Sensation of the use of methods in favor of the accelerated scoping of the difference.
With the help of the most widely used methods, it is simple to insulate the base with various materials (with a step-by-step heating) and install the electric heating circuit. Vikonannya work z pіdіgіvu vіmagає vіd vіd vikonavtsі vіdnіvtsі nayavnosti sevnogo іvnа іvnі іvnа іvnіfіkatsії in tsіy sphere іyalnostі, sled zaluch spetіalіstіv.
Pouring the foundation of the vzimku vimagaє unsightly dotrimannya low nuances. The rules for conducting the work are as follows:
- it is not allowed to fill the base with parts: the formwork is installed under it;
- in order to avoid thermal losses when laying concrete balls, it is necessary to work with a small height and dozhina, negainally perekryvayuchi їx offensive;
- in case of approved surface filling of the helium shell, it is necessary to chip;
- under the hour of carrying out the preparation of trenches under the foundation, or the foundation pit, they should be well cleaned from the snow, beat the ice from the reinforcement;
- without delay, after digging up that laying of the pillow from the sand, it is necessary to lay straw at the bottom: this is how to save the yogo ice;
- pouring concrete on frozen ground is not possible, it should be warmed up ahead;
- obov'yazkovo need to secure free access to the formwork from the sides;
- as if after digging at the bottom of the trench, or water appears in the pit, then it is necessary to see;
- the formwork is more beautiful than vikoristovuvat іz p_dvishcheni teplo_izoljats_ynymi authorities;
- Until the concrete reaches a sufficient level of strength, it is necessary to heat the entire structure filled with water, raising the positive temperature.
As soon as the concrete is laid directly on the frozen ground, then under the influx of heat, which will settle down as a result of hydration, the soil will change, the soil will be more likely to dry out. Under any siege, it can be uneven and the foundation is deformed.
There are not many rules for correct, efficient work from pouring concrete. Ale stink vymagayut neukhily dotrimannya. It is simpler and more economical to complete them during the preparation and the first hour of the pouring, after which everything is reworked.
Ways to fill the foundation with a charge are shown in the video below.
It is possible to build a concrete base. The same result can be achieved by the application of anti-frost modifiers, or by the creation of a system of support, or by the combination of these two methods. When this is recommended, vikoristovuvaty ready-made additives that are sold in grocery stores, in the form of vidominary and other additives cement. An important point is that the technology is working on the nuances of the process.
Not long ago, with the present frosts, “freezing” in our latitudes, life was accepted. And then no one else dared to start yoga. It could not have happened about the spores of concrete foundations and reinforced analogues, like a thermometer telling about the lowering of the air below +5º C during the daytime, and at night stating a negative temperature. The protevality of winter breaks in everyday life encouraged the inhabitants of the brewery region to use methods that allow them not to take concrete work in the cold. So ways appeared, zavdyaki yakim mіtsnu monolithic basis can be arranged for low temperatures. Z'yasuvshi, like pouring the foundation in a folding frosty period, you can proceed without fear to the zvedennya laznі vzimka.
The nuances of concreting during the winter period
It is not without reason that winter was not the most important period, both for pouring a monolithic structure, and for arranging the supporting elements of bored and palm type foundations. The reason for this is the crystallization of water - one of the main components of the concrete structure. Turning on ice, the water does not only cross the normal process of hydration of the concrete sum, so that the molding of the superimposed molecular bonds for the arms of the robot. Through the establishment of ice crystals, the dimensions of which increase the external volume by 10%, the porosity increases. This fact already does not help to remove the planned materiality of the foundation, and the axis is gradually decreasing.
Understanding the mechanisms of hydration
Concreting is the process of stepwise transition of the sum of cement with sand and crushed stone from a rare phase into an overlying one behind the rank of hard stone mill. At a temperature background of + 15º and with a level of moisture that is friendly to scoping, the following is observed:
- on the surface of the poured structure, a unique shell is formed from sodium hydrosilicate;
- then, until the reaction, the upper balls of the poured masa are added - hard grains to the cement are progressively removed from the water, behind which the warehouses are glued together;
- far away is a slick shell, consuming water, which evaporates, begins to tighten;
- then at the reaction come the big steps;
- and farther in the same sequence, until after 28 days the concrete spore has not gained the maximum minerality.
As soon as the foundation is caught on a dry dry day, the rate of hydration increases. Ale and the water begins to vip more actively, filling up the gaps on itself with concrete pori. At a low temperature, the overshoot of the reaction will swell, but the pores will appear through the crystallization of ice. In order to avoid pouring the foundation, the collection is carried out according to special rules, which allow you to set the temperature required for a normal hardening, the difference in the middle of the poured concrete massif or the other stouppiv.
Hydration is accompanied by mimic changes in temperature. The more tovshchina and the expansion of the concrete structure, the more concrete sees the heat and achieves more. Otzhe, do not varto zahoplyuvat pouring the supporting stovpіv in the frost, bazhano vіddati perevaga strіchki or monolith. For example, in the case of tight spores, heat-saving formwork with insulating mats or slabs can be used, at slight lower temperatures, it can be done without additional tricks.
Classification and analysis of methods of concreting
Gentlemen, spantelic problem, chi you can fill the foundation of the vzimka, otrimuyut unambiguously solid evidence, but with impersonal variations. Options for the implementation of conservation or molding necessary for normal hydration of minds to fall:
- according to the dimensions of the design;
- in the chemical warehouse of the concrete sum and in the proportion of components;
- type of brand of good cement and thin broom;
- in terms of climatic aspects;
- if possible, heat the water and keep it warm.
Most of the heat that is seen during the hydration hour is not enough to create the minds necessary for concrete during the frosty period. Slightly raise the temperature to help a thin broom of cement, for the rahunok of such a wine it more readily reacts and sees more heat when it enters the water. Spriyaє also pіdіgіv vodi that zapovnyuvacha before zamіsom.
Respect. You can warm up less water and fill it up. It is impossible to heat cement, otherwise you can spend it with good power.
In our latitudes, for winter pouring, there are no differences between vicorist and a temperature of more than 21º C, while moving from a concrete mixer to a place of wine, the atmosphere is 4.5-5º C. To reduce the working temperature, it is enough for concrete to heat water up to 32º. At temperatures higher than the specified value, mix the hot water with a mixture of starters, then introduce cement in portions.
Save the temperature and increase the temperature to help reduce the freezing period. Relatively mixing concrete takes a better position than it should lie in the formwork, less oholone in terms of cost. That is why the alarmists are glad to increase the hour of mixing the components in the concrete mix by 25% for optimizing the flatness and victoriousness of the cement finely.
The simplest heating of the concrete bag
Option with okremy pіdіgіvom vіd, zapovnjuvacha or povnіstyu sumіshi in betonozіshuvachі for the additional installation of a brazier, thermal harmonica, gas burner next to it, suitable for quiet, who needs sleeping food, as it is necessary to fill the foundation vzimka with light night frosts ozkah i positive readings of the thermometer per day.
Tsya scheme maє suvori rules:
- water heating max up to 80 С;
- cob zamіs vodi z zapovnyuvachem that further stepwise introduction of cement, bazhano z M vіd 400 to 500;
- selection of additives that promote firmness.
Porada. Vikoristannya vibratsiynogo pristroyu - umova neobov'yazkova for private budіvel, ale bazhana. Budіvelniy vibrator is needed for strengthening the concrete mix, shortening together the winding, changing the porosity.
After the pouring of the concrete massif, it is strikingly vkrivaetsya with tarpaulin, bears, insulating mats, slag carpet or straw. Until the temperature is set, it is necessary to increase the temperature by installing a brazier near the foundation or other attachments that generate heat. Let's heat up and dismantle the formwork. If the concrete is not completely hardened, it can be allowed to freeze. All processes will be conserved, and after defrosting, the reaction will go its own way for the virahuvanny period between freezing and wheezing.
Respect. Rasformlennya vykonuyut only after a sufficient set of mіtsnostі. According to the regulations of SNiPu III-15-76, the design is obliged to score 70% of the grade of concrete without additives.
According to the rules of “unfreezing”, the foundations do not spend more than 5% of the design value on the authorities, because the water-cement ratio of the sum was not more than 0.6.
Zamis concrete in the frosty period - folding on the right. To the true decisions of a prudent master, you will be sent to the services of buddies, or the purchase of a ready-made tire with additives to be modified at the factory. There and the proportions will be paid, and the weather will be smart to pay. We are preparing a culinary culinary “how to fill the foundation correctly with your own hands” cease to be inseparable tasks.
Vikoristannya to concrete with modifying additives
The introduction of anti-frost additives to the warehouse is also straightened out by the increase in thermal energy, which vibrates with concrete independently. In addition to this stimulating difference, modifiers underestimate the “threshold” of water crystallization. Zavdyaki why hydration of concrete is passed by a special scheme at lower, lower for standard temperatures.
With the method of molding anti-frost authorities, concrete is richer than calcium chloride. It is possible to introduce into the range no more than 2% of the total mass, otherwise the strength of the concrete structure on the stisk will decrease. With stable thermometer readings below zero, it is possible to mix with sodium chloride (superior sill), potash, sodium nitrate, which ensures trouble-free concreting - 15º frost. Irrespective of the availability of additives, maistrams, yakі shukayut methods, like in cold weather, pour the foundation under the laznu, not varto experiment with the formulas of the difference. The best way is to prepare a warehouse without the risk of irrevocable spending all your invested pennies.
In case of freezing of anti-frost modifiers, before dismantling the formwork, you can proceed if:
- rozchin iz M200 gain 40% of minerality;
- concrete іz M up to 300 dial 30%;
- concrete from marking M400 and more gain 20%.
The most commonly used concrete with modifiers is combined with the methods of piece pidgriv. When poddnannі vdoskonalenny concrete, for example, z elektropidіgіvіm, it's necessary to tamper, schovin laying at + 40º C, and through the rise of up to 30º potash by 30% will be unfavorable.
Technical folding methods of winter concrete
Let's take a brief look at the method of piece-by-piece pіdіgіvu concrete in the formworks, which are used to increase the tempo of the summіsh. Depending on the feasibility of choosing electrical appliances, the visibility of insulation materials and the financial framework of everyday life, the sack of the deputy may choose, more precisely, remember from the budgetary organization:
- thermos concreting method. Heat energy circulation and cooling of the body of the concrete massif, including insulating sheathing, sporudzhena around the formwork. It is a metal building with an electric, steam or water circuit, which heats concrete, which is hard;
- flooding the foundation with steam heating. For the implementation of concrete s pіdіgіvom rozchiny, a couple needs to have a tighter possession, chimala a lot of water. It is necessary to precisely unravel the number of pipes that are installed in the formwork, and arrange the steam of the pipelines, which should be left in the structure for a long time. Through chimala, the versatility and foldability of the implementation is rare for private individuals to overcome steam heating.
- vashtuvannya teplyak near the flooded foundation tezh did not find a way, even if it is necessary to make a great tarpaulin or a polyethylene bait. Seriously, it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature, take care of moisture, so as not to overdry the concrete. Warm up the greenhouse with portable stoves, garmats, electric devices. For everyday life, a small project is being created, which is dismantled after the formwork is removed.
- concrete bath with electric heating, which is launched by launching a jet along the darts, which is found in fresh concrete, steel hut. The formwork is “oblutued” by wires with rozrahunkovy crocodile, or the reinforcing structure, or the cable, which is grіє, is simply laid in concrete. On the other hand, there are more options for the most economical and simple method for the viconan, and the most wide-spread one.
- infrared and induction options for electric heating, which is used for analogy with tubular SHADES, carborundum shear vibrators or cables, which create magnetic fields in fittings or steel formwork.
Usі perelіchenі methods and do not lie up to the category of robots, vikonannya such varto brethren without knowledge and qualifications. You will need to know the amount of energy that is supplied, the design of additional fittings, and, according to electrical methods, the beginnings of a good electrician.
Strict rules that need to be complied with
For all those who are willing to know, it is possible in the minds of winter to fill the foundation with parts, singsongly, rozcharuє vіdpovid. Firmly "nі". І until the end of the pouring of pratsyuvati to be brought to health. The laying of the tracks is carried out in segments that are small in height and long, negainally overlapping them with an advancing ball, in order to escape the temperature. For some reason, on the surface of the poured concrete, a helium shell began to form, and it was necessary to chip off.
It is important to competently prepare the object before pouring:
- clean the foundation pit or a trench in the snow, chop and clean up the ice from the bottom and from the reinforcement. To get ahead of the freezing of that green bottom, it is necessary to open a trench, or a foundation pit with straw after digging that laying a food pillow;
- warm the bottom between the formwork walls approximately 30 cm. It is not possible to pour concrete over the frozen ground! Vіdtayuchi pіd masoy razchiny, soil osіdatime. It is not a fact that the siege will be equal. Tim has no more confidence that the foundation has not sunk too much;
- secure pidhіd to the formwork from the sides.
There are not many rules for safe and efficient pouring of concrete, but it can be difficult. It's easier to show diligence before pouring and in the process of work, lower the cost of an hour and pennies for dismantling and reworking.
How to properly fill the foundation with your own hands: the rules of work
About those, how to fill the foundation of the vzimka, the varto is recognized by the willing economically and hopefully to build the mіtsnu foundation for the lazny during the period of available vartostі budmaterialіv.
Arrangement for the foundation of the payment - on the right to do the job and labor and klopitna, ale zdijsnenna. It is important that from April to leaf fall is the best period for the installation of the foundation, be it ever. But there are situations when the robots fall for the winter. For today's day-to-day technologies, one can induce a superb foundation, which does not follow its characteristics of the foundation, laying in the heat of time. From the point of view of the article, it is possible to find out what kind of foundation is being poured into the foundation, whether it is possible to fill in and how to build such a foundation.
When is winter pouring necessary for the foundation?
With the relay of all the rules of everyday life, the structure of the mitznoy foundation can be fully built in severe frosts and, like a legacy, frozen soil. The pouring of the foundation is not required for a long time, everything is laid down according to the project. The most common solution to rozpochinati budіvnitstvo in the cold period is connected with the peculiarities of the soil. Іsnuyut takі dіlyanki, de ґrunt vlіtku rassipaєєtsya, і less charge, if the earth is good frozen, you can viriti garni ditch. At the time, we have decided on the decisions of the appointed task. In rich regions of Russia, winter is the main hour of fate, and summer is practically not used. For this reason, the foundation of the next period is simply not built. In addition, it is important that you spend on the material that the robot pays richly lower, lower at the summer months, if you want to seriously save money, it’s unlikely that you will be able to pay for it. Sometimes, pouring the foundation is necessary, if it is necessary to complete the process of everyday life.
winter hour
For oblashtuvannya foundations, whether it be arguably in the winter period, use a sprinkling of types of foundations. Let's take a look at their report:
1. The largest extension of the middle of forgetfulness is a string foundation. In this way, fahivtsy should change the name of “wet” operations, for example, they are ready to lay them in the pit.
2. The basis of concrete palms. This type of foundation is ideal for light buds, the construction of wooden houses. Dorimuyuchis budіvelnoї tekhnologii and dotrimuyuchisya the basic rules, you can take away the mіtsnu palyova base, as if you do not compromise on your own qualities to other species. Dali zі statti you can find out about pouring the foundation in the winter period.
How to fill the foundation for additional help? It is necessary for us to separate them, see them. Fired from concrete bored borers and borers. The foundation made of twine palms is ideal for winter robots. Suitable for any kind of folding ground.
Preparation of concrete mix
When cladding the foundation, one often blames the power: "Chi is it possible to fill the foundation with the help of vicorous concrete?" No, you can't. For whom it is necessary to go to the warehouse of which special modifiers enter. Zavdyaki additives concrete can gain the necessary viscosity, wines do not accumulate earlier. Before that, modifying additives make it easier to pour concrete into the formwork.
When choosing modifiers, pay attention to the indicators of frost resistance and firmness of concrete hardening. The required amount of speech is determined by the scale shown on the package.
How to beat modifiers?
In case of varying modifications of additives, it is necessary to pay attention to the main points:
The choice of frost-resistant speeches allows to reduce the amount of water that is stained by 10-15% when preparing concrete.
The minimum temperature, at any zastosuvannya of modifiers, is acceptable, - tse 25 degrees below zero.
If the water content rises to 60%, the remaining amount of additives is blocked.
It is necessary to protect such factors, for any other warehouse modifiers, to interact with such metals.
The addition of additives does not prevent any additional additions for cladding the foundation in the cold period. If the temperature is still low, some additives, which are added to the frost resistance of concrete, are not enough. It is necessary to warm up the concrete, to add additional heat insulation to keep the temperature up and the finished structure.
Vykoristannya of additional benefits that allow the foundation to be poured
Another way, in case of any need to feed on those who can fill the foundation with a charge, to be positive, is to ensure the heating of the foundation. Apparently, concrete is gaining its own strength by stretching the first two dib. During this period, the foundation itself will especially require protection from low temperatures. For the heating of the base along the entire perimeter, there is a special possession - thermal garmata. For additional help, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature is necessary for catching the concrete difference. The greater the foundation, the greater can be the tightness of the fitting
You can also heat the foundation with an electric jet. This method allows you to raise the required temperature for additional heat transfer (from hot to cold). The concrete is warmed up with reinforcement rods, up to some kind of jets (380 V).
Negative moments and filling the foundation with a charge
Otzhe, the reason for the request "what can you fill the foundation with a fee" is obvious. However, regardless of the impersonal positive arguments on the merit of this process, there are some negative moments:
If you want to save on the cost of household materials, the price of earthworks in frosty weather is very high. Also, you will incur additional costs for heating the concrete structure, structures, so the economy of life is even more summative.
The efficiency of work in the winter period is richly lower, lower than the snail, which is why it is richly folded in frost.
The price of additives and speeches, what to modify, what to add to the power of concrete, is not high, but for a small building, it is necessary to add a lot to the foundation area. For this reason, the price for everyday material is growing.
Sometimes you need to use special equipment, zocrema for digging a pit.
Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to think about those who can fill the foundation of the vzimka, it is necessary to look through all the windings and look at all the pluses and minuses of the windings.
Transfer of basic materials and tools for building the foundation
For cladding and pouring the foundation, such materials and tools are necessary:
- shovel;
- thyrsus;
- weekly rіven;
- hacksaw;
- column;
- cement and concrete products;
- modifying additives;
- thermal insulation;
- reinforcing mesh;
- rubble.
How to properly fill the foundation with a vzimka?
And what can tse varto work? Qi nutrition is often turbulent for newcomers in everyday life. Adzhe to conduct be-like robots in the cold is more foldable, you can cross the snow and frost. For the sake of fakhіvtsіv, they will show you how to properly fill the foundation of the uzimka with your own hands. The rules are as follows:
A trench or a foundation pit is rushing into Persh Cherga, with the control of the soil volog, as it is chosen for the day. Water freezes at sub-zero temperatures, freezes ice, which needs to be removed, because nothing can be laid on such a basis.
Offensive rock - the installation of formwork and the frame with reinforcement. The formwork is filled with concrete mix. The necessary positive temperature must be maintained by stretching the singing period for an hour (to speed up the process of hoarding) for additional heating. As soon as the foundation is poured, it can be insulated with additional roofing felt, polyethylene slick. Above you can stick with a tirsi ball (20-30 cm). As a result, we may be preparing the foundation for an uzimka.
Chi can be filled in for the winter? The evidence is positive. However, building walls on such supports is still recommended at positive temperatures, since the concrete floor needs a song hour for building up the mity. Having prepared the foundation of the payment (with the improvement of the successful rules and nuances), you can take away the mіtsna and dovgovіchnu budova.
In the age of new technologies and high speeds, everything develops more quickly. There are technical solutions that allow you to work smarter, more efficiently, less than ten years ago. Budіvelna galuzi can also boast of impersonal innovations, as they significantly increased the speed of everyday life of budіvel objects. For example, earlier, for example, for food, so that you can fill the foundation of the vzimka, the forgetful person feeling bi unequivocally “nі”, then on this day, you will not be so categorical. Let's figure it out, how to carry out qi work without wasting money.
Pouring concrete vzimku - deakі nuances
The catering for the basis of life in the winter period divided the life of workers into two diametrically protruding camps. The first ones, the adherents of the classical technology, are aware that new innovations cannot provide the same hydration in the world. Without it, it is possible to reduce the characteristics of the base materiality. Other sources of different know-how make sure that it is possible to fill the foundation with a bribe, having provided the necessary parameters of the foundation.
Offended, look at the top of whose food is the right to life. The traditional pouring of the foundation at above-zero temperatures is thoroughly described in the bagatioh dzherelah. Let's try to find out about the work carried out in the cold season of rock. At sub-zero temperatures, water, which at a different level, begins to crystallize, but as a result, it leads to an increase in the porosity of the concrete massif. The main problem during the winter pouring of the foundation is the safety of the acid hydration of the concrete gap.
Not long ago, with the current frosts "freezing" in our latitudes, life was adopted
Hydration - a lіknep for budіvelnіv-pochatkіvtsіv.
The process of hardening the array at positive temperatures is carried out in stages:
- on the surface there is a thin shell of acid salt;
- at the top of the balls, particles bind to the cement with water;
- zovnіshnіy ball, vtrachayuchi vologu for rahunok viparovuvannya, syaguєtsya;
- cement zv'yazuєtsya water attack equal.
The process step by step shovels all the balls. Over the course of a month, concrete is gaining the necessary strength, sufficient for carrying out the offensive stages of work.
When the foundation is poured, it is difficult to steam the water, which gradually freezes. Tse vede to increase the porosity of the concrete massif and a significant decrease in yogo mіtsnosti. Therefore, the main rule of concreting during the winter period is to ensure the normal temperature regime, which does not allow the establishment of ice crystals during hardening.
Filling foundation vzimku - technological features
For short term hardening, a dekilka of methods is established, directing the temperature control of the concrete array in the boundaries, which will ensure the normal mode of hydration.
Trivality of winter breaks at everyday life zmusila meshkantsiv pivnіchnoy krayni shukati methods that allow not to take the cold concrete work
They save heat for help:
- pair;
- electricians;
- infrachervonogo chi induction viprominuvannya;
- thermal name;
- thermal insulation around the formwork.
Let's talk briefly about skin methods.
Obigriv for an additional bet
Warming up the concrete array with a couple will significantly speed up the hardness. For temperature limits in the range of 70 degrees Celsius with a stretch of 1-1.5 decibels, concrete reaches its strength, which allows the massif to reach a stretch of 15 decibels at a positive temperature.
Trivality of warming up at times to lie in:
- necessary mentality;
- the kind of cement that victorious;
- heating temperature.
It is necessary to install a steam-heater with a path of lining a steam shirt, as it is mounted on a window no more than 15 cm below the formwork. This parameter is securely wrapped around the array with steam.
Gentlemen, spantelic problem, chi you can fill the foundation with a fee, take an unambiguous firm basis, but with impersonal variations
Podіgіv elektronosіyami
You can create a friendly mind for hardening concrete with additional electrical energy. The most widely expanded methods are:
- electrodes;
- PNSV wires.
Heating with electrodes can be carried out to cheap methods. For robots to stop the electrode in a different way:
- strings. The main scope of zastosuvannya - pouring structures of vertical rastashuvannya (stovpi, columns, beams);
- haircuts. To maintain the required temperature, install metal fittings with a diameter of 8-12 mm;
- plate parts. When vikoristanny plates roztashovuyut on proliferative areas of the formwork.
The most effective way to warm up is to use the PNSV. The high efficiency is explained, that the source of heat is a concrete array, and the wire itself, the temperature of which is much easier to regulate.
A different type of electrical processing of a concrete massif is the injection of an induction vibration into a new infrared circuit. At the connection with the folding and uneven heating of the great ones, these methods are rarely used.
The electric wires are connected with one end to the transformer, with the other - to the fittings with a close pіvmeter.
Thermal cladding
In these winters, concrete work is much more complicated, and it’s more smut, so robotic work is required to carry out resolute preparations and complete completion of all weekly regulations. Pouring the foundation of the vzimka into the frozen soil, we should prepare it before the earth is hung up and down, and the foundation will give a crack, which will cause it.
Ale іnodi zhittya rob your own corrections. The rose hour is being built, and the foundation, which was planned to be poured into the inlet, needs to be built, if the thermometer's tip falls below zero.
You can risk and try to create an amazing foundation for your unfriendly weather minds! Dosvid koristuvachіv site to talk about those who, with such everyday life of smut, acquire knowledge and do not let anything go on self-fuel!
Filling the foundation vzimku
Koristuvachev forum with a nickname AlecScrab alarm clocks propagated to fill in the foundation of the vzimka, at the chest, the hanging veins were gathered, and in the birch, they almost lifted the walls. They promised to reduce the prices for their work, tk. at once - not a season, and they have little prayer.
What can you say, the proposition is accommodating, but the forum member does not give calm food: for sub-zero temperatures, and chi vpline tse for the minuscule of the string foundation.
Profanus:
- Gaining the value of concrete is achieved in 28 days, even if it is "plus", and for negative temperatures, concrete may not gain value.
The verdict of the forum member is as follows: filling the foundation with a fee is only for buddies, because stink want to earn. And for myself, in no way, without becoming, I would fill the foundation with a fee, build it up with a serious win.
As the temperature again drops to +5°C during the day, and at night the thermometer’s stem drops below 0°C, so the minds of everyday life are vvazhayutsya winter.
During the winter season, the foundation must be poured, vicarious anti-frost additives and special technology for heating concrete. And tse to bring up to a significant price increase the cost of life. The rise in price may further reduce the benefit due to the seasonal reduction in prices for the work of buddies.
For a thought 44alex, If you pour concrete using the latest modern technologies, then it will be cheaper, if only robots are practically cost-free.
Bring "against" the winter monolith
At the thought of a forum member with a nickname Greenpick, building a monolithic foundation
- necessary additives for staining concrete;
- necessary special considerations about how to lay and vitreat concrete;
- necessary electrical heating of concrete (or other heating) under constant temperature control;
- a short winter day to bring up additional windshields for lighting the yard, warming up clothes for workers, so that they don’t need to work in the cold;
- you can run into a large number of inaccurate materials.
Emily:
– I also wanted to fill the foundation of the Uzimka, ale, marveling at the lack of sucid, as if they poured their slab in the chest at -5 ° C, having changed their minds. Now, from the edge of the slab, there are bulges and pieces of concrete. The upper ball, perhaps, having choked on the frost, aloe under the foot of the wines to cry.
Hydration reaction
In order to understand why the technology of winter pouring of the foundation is used and how much the folding of such works increases, it is necessary to look at the processes that are introduced into concrete during pouring at negative temperatures.
In the process of hardening in concrete, reactions of hydration occur, in the course of minerals to cement, interacting with water, they create new layers. Znevodnennya concrete in the early terms can improve or fix the process of hardening and lead to a shortage of materiality, as well as causing shrinkage and cracking.
At minus temperatures, the water, not having reacted with cement, freezes. Therefore, the reaction of hydration is not observed, which means that the concrete is not harder. Also, the value of the foundation and its durability are significantly reduced. Water, which has caught in concrete, expands in the connection, the coefficient of adhesion to concrete with reinforcement changes, which leads to a distant collapse of the foundation. To that building foundation, the collection of the required additional folding technology is poured.
Therefore, more forgetfuls of mistrust should be placed before winter concrete. However, in order to get to the point with your mind and acquire the necessary knowledge, you can fill in an acidic foundation even at negative temperatures. And sometimes the only way out.
How to build a shelter for heating the foundation
Forum member's foundation Svetoch- dribnoglyblen line under the 10x10 booths. Vіn stole more than digging a trench and starting to tie up reinforcement. Pour concrete hot in the middle of the day (with anti-frost additives, which is already a minus at night). And then it appeared that the weather forecasters were saying that the woods and snow. Forumchanin zahvilyuvavsya, chi can fill the virita with a trench with a formwork, we will often fill it with a foundation and reinforcement for the winter.
Costeapechnik:
- If you strip everything like that, then the fittings will rust, and the base of the stitch is lusne! Required to fill the foundation again, but the planks of that snow are not a problem, it’s more smut - look after the concrete after pouring.
Koristuvach forum with nickname Georgespb razbiraєєєєєєєє, how zrobiti ukrittya for pouring the foundation and some kind of ukrittya for heating constructions є naynaіynishim.
auto-amator:
- Ukrittya fight like this: a great mark is built over the perimeter of the foundation, a thermal garmat is installed in it, and the temperature in the middle rises to plus.
The need for tightness of the harmatium in the fall due to the outdoor temperature
Also, concrete is heated and for additional electricity - a power transformer, connected to fittings.
For this purpose, special transformers for warming up concrete mills: the jet is fed through electrodes, spaced approximately at a distance of 40-50 cm, one per one in the foundation.
But such a method of heating will require special attention!
sem2005:
- Necessary additional information master, who correctly installs the electric heater and stezhitime for keeping the necessary temperature.
For this method, the heating of the concrete increases the damage to the robots with an electric jet. To the very same, in order to avoid unfortunate fluctuations, it is necessary to use a transformer with a voltage of 36 volts. Overheating concrete also threatens with strong cracks, and underheating - freezing.
Antifreeze additives
For concrete with anti-frost additives, the temperature until the moment it is cooled to a temperature, for which the additives are approved, is to be blamed for not less than 30% of the design value at marc up to 200, 25% - for concrete grade 300 and 20% - for concrete grade 400.
For concrete without freezing of anti-frost additives of monolithic structures and the monolithic part of prefabricated monolithic structures, until the moment of freezing, the responsibility is to become:
- not less than 50% of design with marc concrete 150,
- 40% - for concrete grade 200-300, 30% - for concrete grade 400-500,
- 70% - regardless of the grade of concrete for structures that are subject to freezing and freezing.
In order to use anti-frost additives, it will ensure the process of hydration of cement and hardening of concrete, but at negative temperatures, the processes will proceed properly, and in this option, concrete will gain critical strength after about a month of hardening in frost.
Concrete, which is within reach until the moment of freezing of the critical temperature, will require the design temperature to be filled only after exposure to the positive temperature is not less than 28 decibels! Tse means that it is necessary to improve the positive temperature of the bonded foundation during the hour of concrete pouring, and after.
Podbivshi pіdbags, we can say that the pouring of the foundation in the winter hour and at negative temperatures lead to an increase in the cost of cost and in order to control at all stages of work. Natomist zabudovniki otrimuyuyut mozhlivіst forsuvati budіvelnyh robіt and zazdalegіd prepare the basis for budinku before the ear of the spring budіvelny season.
On FORUMHOUSE it is reported that the temperature should be monitored. You can read about.
Here is selected the most recent report and information about . How to fill in the view of what to lay down yogo water yakist - hot discussion of cold food.
In this video, it is told about the nuances of the reinforcement of the heavily submerged.
